Philosophy Quiz #7- 5.0, 5.1
The argument from experience
1. All facial knowledge comes from the senses 2. We do not have sensory experience of morality -Therefore Moral beliefs are not factual
The Personal Differences Argument
1. Different people have different ethical beliefs 2. There is currently no means of determining whom is correct -Therefore. Ethical clams are reports of matters of opinion
the cultural differences argument
1. different cultures have different cultural beliefs -therefore moral claims are reports of cultural features
subjective ethics relativism
The doctrine that what is morally right or wrong is solely a matter of each individual's personal opinion.
cultural relativism
an ethical theory which entails that moral claims are reports of cultural features
virtue ethics
any theory that sees the primary focus of ethics to be the character of the person rather than the person's actions or duties
natural law theory (Thomas aquinas)
god rigged the world to function a certain way to be good
feminist ethics
the attempt to correct male biases in traditional ethical theory by emphasizing relationships over abstract principles and compassion over analytical reason
absolutism
the claim that not only are moral principles objective but also they cannot be overridden and there cannot be any exceptions to them
conventional ethical relativism
the claim that what is really right or wrong is relative to each particular society; also called ethical conventionalism
Divine Command Theory
the moral rightness or wrongness of an act is intrinsically related to the fact that God either commands it or forbids it.
ethical relativism
the position that there are no objective or universally valid moral principles, because all moral judgements are simply a matter of human opinion
ethical egoism
the theory that people ought always to do only what is in their own self-interest
utilitarianism
the theory that the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people
Kantian ethics
the theory that we have absolute moral duties that are determined by reason and that are not affected by the consequences
ethical objectivism
the view that there are universal and objectively valid moral principles that are relative neither to the individual nor society