Philosophy215

Philosophers provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible--that is, they give us

Arguments

The renowned philosopher who lived and worked in the Greek city of Alexandria in the fifth century was

Hypatia

For Socrates, the soul is harmed by lack of

Knowledge

A group of statements in which one of them is meant to be supported by the others is

An argument

According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has _____ is her exclusive pursuit of social status, wealth, power, and pleasure.

An unhealthy soul

The study of value in the broadest sense (moral, aesthetic, etc.) is known as

Axiology

Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are

Deductive

When we arrive at a generalization about an entire group of things after observing just some members of the group, we are making a(n)

Enumerative induction

Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as

Epistemology

Arguments that are supposed to give probable support to their conclusions are

Inductive

In the type of argument known as _____, we begin with premises about a phenomenon or state of affairs to be explained; then we reason from those premises to an explanation for that state of affairs.

Inference to the best explanation

The four main divisions of Philosophy

Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Logic

If you assume that a set of statements is true, and yet you can deduce a false or absurd statement from it, then the original set of statements as a whole must be false. This kind of argument is known as

Reductio ad absurdum

If inductive arguments succeed in lending probable support to their conclusions, they are said to be

Sound

A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth is known as

The Socratic Method

The systematic use of critical reasoning to try to find answers to fundamental questions about reality, morality, and knowledge is called

The philosophical method

In an argument, the statement being supported is the conclusion, and the statements supporting the conclusion are the

The premises

For Socrates, an unexamined life is a tragedy because it results in grievous harm to

The soul

A good argument must have (1) solid logic and (2)

True premises

For Socrates the good of the soul is attained only through an uncompromising search for

A theory of everything