Philosophy215
Philosophers provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible--that is, they give us
Arguments
The renowned philosopher who lived and worked in the Greek city of Alexandria in the fifth century was
Hypatia
For Socrates, the soul is harmed by lack of
Knowledge
A group of statements in which one of them is meant to be supported by the others is
An argument
According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has _____ is her exclusive pursuit of social status, wealth, power, and pleasure.
An unhealthy soul
The study of value in the broadest sense (moral, aesthetic, etc.) is known as
Axiology
Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are
Deductive
When we arrive at a generalization about an entire group of things after observing just some members of the group, we are making a(n)
Enumerative induction
Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as
Epistemology
Arguments that are supposed to give probable support to their conclusions are
Inductive
In the type of argument known as _____, we begin with premises about a phenomenon or state of affairs to be explained; then we reason from those premises to an explanation for that state of affairs.
Inference to the best explanation
The four main divisions of Philosophy
Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Logic
If you assume that a set of statements is true, and yet you can deduce a false or absurd statement from it, then the original set of statements as a whole must be false. This kind of argument is known as
Reductio ad absurdum
If inductive arguments succeed in lending probable support to their conclusions, they are said to be
Sound
A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth is known as
The Socratic Method
The systematic use of critical reasoning to try to find answers to fundamental questions about reality, morality, and knowledge is called
The philosophical method
In an argument, the statement being supported is the conclusion, and the statements supporting the conclusion are the
The premises
For Socrates, an unexamined life is a tragedy because it results in grievous harm to
The soul
A good argument must have (1) solid logic and (2)
True premises
For Socrates the good of the soul is attained only through an uncompromising search for
A theory of everything