physical geo exam 3
Which is true of mangrove swamps and salt marshes?
Mangrove swamps are found where temperatures are never below freezing.
Which fault is associated with tensional stress?
Normal
Which of these mass movement events is associated with talus slopes?
Rockfalls
What type of rock is derived from the bits and pieces of former rocks?
Sedimentary
When continental crust collides with continental crust
a large mountain range often forms
The feature formed where a stream exits a canyon and spreads out across a valley floor is
alluvial fan
Which dunes are crescent shaped, with the horns pointing downwind
barchan
A stream CANNOT erode its valley below
base level
Particles that are dragged, pushed, or rolled along the bottom of a stream comprise the stream's
bed load
Areas of the ocean that have less than 3.5% salinity due to freshwater input are known as
brackish
A tsunami
can be caused by an earthquake
A drainage pattern that displays a branching pattern similar to the shape of a tree is a(n)
dendritic drainage pattern
All processes that cause reduction and rearrangement of landforms are included in the term of
denudation
Delicate Arch in Utah is an example of
differential weathering
An orogeny is a(n)
episode of mountain building
The term eolian refers to
erosion, transportation, and deposition by the wind
When rock strata are strained beyond their ability to remain an intact unit, displacement occurs in a process known as
faulting
On which part of a slope would rocks tend to fall at the highest speed
free face
Which of these physical weathering processes involves repeated expansion and contraction of water?
frost wedging
Volcanic activity located away from plate boundaries is usually associated with
hot spots
A drainage basin is defined by
its drainage divides
Which of the Earth's structural layers is the thinnest?
lithosphere
A layer of wind-blown clay and silt derived from glacial deposits is
loess
A rock transformed by heat and/or pressure is referred to as
metamorphic rock
In most areas, the upper surface of bedrock is partially weathered to broken-up rock called
regolith
Which of the following is characteristic of divergent plate boundaries?
sea-floor spreading centers
Effusive eruptions tend to produce
shield volcanoes
Which of the following pairs of stress—strain is incorrectly matched?
shortening—compression
Which of the following is a typical karst landscape feature
sinkholes
A slow, persistent mass movement of surface soil is called
soil creep
Which dunes are the largest in size and can reach 200 m in height
star dune
Which of the following is characteristic ofconvergent plate boundaries?
subduction zones
When geologists or archaeologists dig downward into a unit of rock or sediment ,they are digging "back in time." This fact is based on the principle of
superposition
Tides are produced by
the gravitational pull of the moon and sun
What is the term for a process which breaks down the rock at Earth's surface, either disintegrating rock into particles or dissolving it into water
weathering
Distinctive, elongated wind-sculpted formations are called
yardangs
What is the probability of a 100-year flood occurring in any one year?
1%
The oceans' average salinity is approximately
3.5%