Physical Science

Which of the following expands least when temperature is increased

wood

If the temperature of a sample of 4 degrees celsius water slightly increases, the sample of water

expands.

A hydraulic press can, because any changes in pressure are transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid, multiply

forces.

Very importantly, a hydraulic press can multiply

forces.

When work is done on a system and no heat is added the temperature of the system

increases.

A soft drink will cool slower if placed in what part of a fridge

main compartment of the fridge

You float lower in freshwater compared to mercury because

mercury has a higher weight density than fresh water.

Whether one object is warmer than another object has most to do with

molecular kinetic energy.

At absolute zero, a substance has

no more energy to give up.

You are able to get oxygen from your surrounding because

the atmosphere pushes air into you.

When you measure temperature, you measure

the average kinetic energy of all partials in the material.

The weight of the displaced fluid is always equal to

the buoyant force.

Condensation is a warming process for the gas because

the less energetic molecules condense into a liquid and leave the gas

The lower the temperature of an object,

the lower frequency it radiates.

Evaporation is a cooling process for the liquid because

the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid

Compressing a gas can

increase its temperature.

As water in a confined pipe slows down, the pressure it exerts against the inner walls of the pipe

increases.

Which law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of energy as it applies to thermal systems?

First law.

Thermal energy can only transfer through

Radiation, conduction, convection

Which law of thermodynamics states that no system can reach absolute zero?

Third law.

A red hot piece of iron will cool faster in

a cold room

A pressure differential between the top (less force) and bottom (more force) of an object makes

a net upward force.

Objects that are good radiators generally

absorb radiation relatively well

when water evaporates to steam energy is

absorbed.

The kelvin temperature of an emitter determines its

average frequency of the radiation given off, average energy of the radiation giving off, and wavelength of the radiation giving off.

If the volume of an object were to double with no change in mass, its density would

be half.

As entropy in a system increases, energy within the system

becomes less ordered.

As entropy in a system decreases, energy within the system

becomes more offered.

Boiling can be though of as evaporation

beneath the surface of water

Expansion of materials are useful for many reasons. Which of these did we talk about for their usefulness in a thermostat?

bimetallic strip.

If the temperature of a sample of 0 degrees celsius water slightly increases, the sample of water

contracts.

Unequal heating of land and water can cause

convection currents.

Thermal energy transfers through fluids with

convection.

The process of boiling water tends to

cool the water

When a bimetallic bar composed of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip because

copper gets hotter before iron.

Wind blowing over the top of an umbrella

decreases atmospheric pressure there and may result in a broken umbrella.

As water in a confined pipe speeds up, the pressure it exerts against the inner walls of the pipe

decreases.

when work is done by a system and no heat is added, the temperature of the system

decreases.

The answer to #5 can be affected by ?

density of the liquid.

If the volume of an object were to be halved with no change in mass, its density would

double.

When you touch a hot stove with your finger, energy flows

from the stove to your finger.

When you touch a cold penny with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the penny.

The buoy force, an effect in liquids, also applies to

gas.

A poor heat conductor is a

good insulator.

Airplane lift is achieved when air pressure on the bottom of a wing is

greater than pressure on top.

The atmosphere keeps the earth warm through a process of transparency and reflection of varying radiation otherwise known as the

greenhouse effect

If the same quantity of heat is added to both a 1-liter and a 2-liter container of water, the temperature change for water is the 2-liter container

half that of the 1-liter.

A net absorber in an open space after a long time has passed will

have a higher temperature than its surroundings

A net emitter in an open space after a long time has passed will

have a lower temperature than its surroundings.

Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased ? Equal volumes of

helium.

A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a

high heat capacity.

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with water's

high specific heat capacity.

Washington D.C. has harsher winters than San Francisco due to water's

high specific heat capacity.

The higher the temperature of an object, the

higher frequency and energy it radiates.

The direction of natural processes is from states of

higher order to lower order.

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

higher temperature, but less thermal energy.

A barometer can be made with water. Compared with a mercury barometer, the column height for a water barometer would be

higher.

The product of gas pressure and volume for a given mass of a gas is constant

if the temperature doesn't change.

Your toes feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug

is a better insulator than tile.

When gas in a container expands to twice its volume, its density

is half.

If you weigh a certain amount, your feet exert a certain amount of pressure. If you then go and put on high heel, the amount of pressure exerted by your high heels is what compared to your feet?

larger.

A hydraulic device has two pistons, one with a small cross section area and another piston with a smaller cross section area. If a given force is applied to the small piston, the output force on the smaller area piston will be

less.

If air speed is greater along the top surface of a bird's wings, pressure of the moving air there is

less.

The depth of the container housing a liquid is one factor in determining

liquid pressure.

Metals are good heat and electrical conductors due to

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

Newton's law of warming applies to objects that are

none because newtons law of warming is not real

Sublimation is a change of phase from solid to gas without

passing through the liquid phase

Decreased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to

promote boiling

When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is

pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.

The earth gains heat mainly by

radiation

The earth loses heat mainly

radiation

When water changes phase to become ice energy is

released

when heat is added to boiling water, the net temp of the system

remains the same

To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water

requires a lot of energy for an increase in temperature.

Entropy is most closely related to the

second law of thermodynamics.

Which law of thermo dynamics addresses the direction of heat flow?

second law.

The higher the wavelength of a wave, the

shorter the frequency

If you weigh a certain amount, your feet exert a certain amount of pressure. If you then go and put on skis, the amount of pressure exerted by your skis is what compared to your feet?

smaller.

you can find the volume of a rock by

submerging it into a fluid to see how much fluid is displaced.

The sun's radiant energy is composed of shorter wavelengths than the earth's because

the sun has much more energy than the earth

If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its

thermal and temperature decreases

Heat is simply another word for

thermal energy that flows from hot to cold.

The thermal energy in a substance is related mostly to the

total energy of particles.

Convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by

unequal heating of land and water.

which is not a phase of matter

vacuum

During a very cold winter water pipes sometimes burst because

water expands when freezing.

A rising balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the

weight of air it displaces.

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the

weight of the atmosphere.