Physical Science
Which of the following expands least when temperature is increased
wood
If the temperature of a sample of 4 degrees celsius water slightly increases, the sample of water
expands.
A hydraulic press can, because any changes in pressure are transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid, multiply
forces.
Very importantly, a hydraulic press can multiply
forces.
When work is done on a system and no heat is added the temperature of the system
increases.
A soft drink will cool slower if placed in what part of a fridge
main compartment of the fridge
You float lower in freshwater compared to mercury because
mercury has a higher weight density than fresh water.
Whether one object is warmer than another object has most to do with
molecular kinetic energy.
At absolute zero, a substance has
no more energy to give up.
You are able to get oxygen from your surrounding because
the atmosphere pushes air into you.
When you measure temperature, you measure
the average kinetic energy of all partials in the material.
The weight of the displaced fluid is always equal to
the buoyant force.
Condensation is a warming process for the gas because
the less energetic molecules condense into a liquid and leave the gas
The lower the temperature of an object,
the lower frequency it radiates.
Evaporation is a cooling process for the liquid because
the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid
Compressing a gas can
increase its temperature.
As water in a confined pipe slows down, the pressure it exerts against the inner walls of the pipe
increases.
Which law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of energy as it applies to thermal systems?
First law.
Thermal energy can only transfer through
Radiation, conduction, convection
Which law of thermodynamics states that no system can reach absolute zero?
Third law.
A red hot piece of iron will cool faster in
a cold room
A pressure differential between the top (less force) and bottom (more force) of an object makes
a net upward force.
Objects that are good radiators generally
absorb radiation relatively well
when water evaporates to steam energy is
absorbed.
The kelvin temperature of an emitter determines its
average frequency of the radiation given off, average energy of the radiation giving off, and wavelength of the radiation giving off.
If the volume of an object were to double with no change in mass, its density would
be half.
As entropy in a system increases, energy within the system
becomes less ordered.
As entropy in a system decreases, energy within the system
becomes more offered.
Boiling can be though of as evaporation
beneath the surface of water
Expansion of materials are useful for many reasons. Which of these did we talk about for their usefulness in a thermostat?
bimetallic strip.
If the temperature of a sample of 0 degrees celsius water slightly increases, the sample of water
contracts.
Unequal heating of land and water can cause
convection currents.
Thermal energy transfers through fluids with
convection.
The process of boiling water tends to
cool the water
When a bimetallic bar composed of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip because
copper gets hotter before iron.
Wind blowing over the top of an umbrella
decreases atmospheric pressure there and may result in a broken umbrella.
As water in a confined pipe speeds up, the pressure it exerts against the inner walls of the pipe
decreases.
when work is done by a system and no heat is added, the temperature of the system
decreases.
The answer to #5 can be affected by ?
density of the liquid.
If the volume of an object were to be halved with no change in mass, its density would
double.
When you touch a hot stove with your finger, energy flows
from the stove to your finger.
When you touch a cold penny with your finger, energy flows
from your finger to the penny.
The buoy force, an effect in liquids, also applies to
gas.
A poor heat conductor is a
good insulator.
Airplane lift is achieved when air pressure on the bottom of a wing is
greater than pressure on top.
The atmosphere keeps the earth warm through a process of transparency and reflection of varying radiation otherwise known as the
greenhouse effect
If the same quantity of heat is added to both a 1-liter and a 2-liter container of water, the temperature change for water is the 2-liter container
half that of the 1-liter.
A net absorber in an open space after a long time has passed will
have a higher temperature than its surroundings
A net emitter in an open space after a long time has passed will
have a lower temperature than its surroundings.
Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased ? Equal volumes of
helium.
A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a
high heat capacity.
The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with water's
high specific heat capacity.
Washington D.C. has harsher winters than San Francisco due to water's
high specific heat capacity.
The higher the temperature of an object, the
higher frequency and energy it radiates.
The direction of natural processes is from states of
higher order to lower order.
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
higher temperature, but less thermal energy.
A barometer can be made with water. Compared with a mercury barometer, the column height for a water barometer would be
higher.
The product of gas pressure and volume for a given mass of a gas is constant
if the temperature doesn't change.
Your toes feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug
is a better insulator than tile.
When gas in a container expands to twice its volume, its density
is half.
If you weigh a certain amount, your feet exert a certain amount of pressure. If you then go and put on high heel, the amount of pressure exerted by your high heels is what compared to your feet?
larger.
A hydraulic device has two pistons, one with a small cross section area and another piston with a smaller cross section area. If a given force is applied to the small piston, the output force on the smaller area piston will be
less.
If air speed is greater along the top surface of a bird's wings, pressure of the moving air there is
less.
The depth of the container housing a liquid is one factor in determining
liquid pressure.
Metals are good heat and electrical conductors due to
looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.
Newton's law of warming applies to objects that are
none because newtons law of warming is not real
Sublimation is a change of phase from solid to gas without
passing through the liquid phase
Decreased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to
promote boiling
When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is
pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.
The earth gains heat mainly by
radiation
The earth loses heat mainly
radiation
When water changes phase to become ice energy is
released
when heat is added to boiling water, the net temp of the system
remains the same
To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water
requires a lot of energy for an increase in temperature.
Entropy is most closely related to the
second law of thermodynamics.
Which law of thermo dynamics addresses the direction of heat flow?
second law.
The higher the wavelength of a wave, the
shorter the frequency
If you weigh a certain amount, your feet exert a certain amount of pressure. If you then go and put on skis, the amount of pressure exerted by your skis is what compared to your feet?
smaller.
you can find the volume of a rock by
submerging it into a fluid to see how much fluid is displaced.
The sun's radiant energy is composed of shorter wavelengths than the earth's because
the sun has much more energy than the earth
If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its
thermal and temperature decreases
Heat is simply another word for
thermal energy that flows from hot to cold.
The thermal energy in a substance is related mostly to the
total energy of particles.
Convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by
unequal heating of land and water.
which is not a phase of matter
vacuum
During a very cold winter water pipes sometimes burst because
water expands when freezing.
A rising balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the
weight of air it displaces.
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the
weight of the atmosphere.