Physical Science - Chapter 12

Glaciers can form _____.

*U-shaped valleys *cirques (amphitheatre-like valley formed by glacial erosion) *mountain horns (pointed peaks that are bounded on at least three sides by glaciers) *kettle lakes (lake made by a melted glacier)

1. _____ is the study of the planet Earth, including its physical structure, its composition, its history, and the processes that act on it.

Geology

The sum of all the water on Earth is the _____.

Hydrosphere

_____ is rock that forms from molten magma that cools into a solid.

Igneous

The _____ is the process by which water is continuously exchanged between the Earth's various water sources. A. fresh water cycle B. salt water cycle C. hydrospheric cycle D. All of the above E. None of the above

None of the above. (Hydrologic Cycle)

The most common form of a mechanical process to break down rocks is _____. A. biochemical weathering B. rain cycling C. abrasion D. frost wedging E. None of the above

None of the above. (Mechanical Weathering)

_____ is rock that behaves like something between a liquid and a solid.

Plastic Rock

_____ is rock that forms under pressure from accumulated layers of sand and mud.

Sedimentary rock

_____ is the evaporation of water from plants.

Transpiration

The compositional layers of the Earth are the _____.

crust, mantle, and core

The process that moves sediment is _____.

erosion

Distillation occurs from _____ of a mixture to separate out the individual components.

evaporation and condensation

The most abundant mineral found at the Earth's surface is _____.

feldspar

Plucking is a process caused by _____.

glaciers

The part of the Earth's atmosphere that is influenced by the Earth's magnetic field is called the _____.

magnetosphere

Oxbow lakes are formed from _____.

meanders (a winding curve or bend of a river or road)

Mixtures of sediment, sand, rocks, and gravel, called till, are deposited by _____.

melting glaciers

Solid, naturally occurring, inorganic substances that have a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure are _____.

minerals

In the hydrosphere, _____.

most of the Earth's water supply is contained in the oceans as saltwatermost of the Earth's freshwater supply is stored in glaciers and icebergsC. the largest source of liquid freshwater is in groundwater

The process in which oxygen in the air causes rust when it comes in contact with iron is called _____.

oxidation

Although it has a temperature of 5,500°C, the inner core of the Earth is solid because of _____.

pressure freezing

_____ is not one of the properties of minerals. A. Crystal structure B. Streak C. Luster D. Hardness E. Radioactivity

radioactivity

The _____ consists of a series of processes in which forces within the Earth and at its surface cause rocks to continuously change from one type into another.

rock cycle

Any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediment is called?

weathering

The process called deflation, which leaves a hard surface of larger, gravel-sized rocks, is caused by _____.

wind