physical science, chapter 3, measurement

The unit accomplishes 3 things:

signals that the preceding number is a measurement, kind of dimension, size of the dimension unit (15 feet)

in 1799 who established a decimal metric system

France

the common abbreviation for the metric system

SI

weight

the force of the earth's gravity acting on the matter of the object- N (newtons) is the metric unit of force

mass

the measurement of the amount of matter in an object (metric unit for mass is kg)

significant digits

a digit in a measurement used to communicate the precision of the measurement

standard

a known quantity of a dimension that everyone agrees to use for comparison when measuring

measured data usually has 2 parts:

a number and a unit ( ex: 12 feet, 82 degrees F, 35 minutes)

scientific notation

a way to express very large or small number or more conveniently

accuracy

an assessment of the measurement error

quantitative data

are numerical measurement

qualitative data

are words descriptions

repeatability

data are close together in all trials

_________ of something is the amount of matter (mass) it contains compared to its ___________

density, volume ( density= mass/volume, mass= density X volume, Volume= mass X density)

sources of measurement of error

environmental conditions, operator error, defective instructions, indefinite nature of matter

data

information collected from scientific observations

precision

is an assessment of the exactness if a measurement

dimension

is any measurable aspect of something ( length, time, temperature, volume, speed)

error

is the difference between the measured value and acceptable value

unit

is the name and size of a portion of a dimension that has a volume of 1

observers are far ______ _______ to misinterpret quantitative data

less likely

what is the metric unit for volume?

liter

matter has 2 dimensions what are they?

mass and volume

metric prefixes

mega- million kilo- thousand deci- tenth centi- hundredth milli-thousandth micro- millionth

what are equal volumetric units?

millimeter and the cubic centimeter

volume

the space enclosed or occupied by an object

volume of a solid object and has a simple geometric shape via be found by the formula :

volume= length X width X height (V=lwh)

the volume of an irregularly shaped object can be found by using the what?

water displacement method

measure

when you compare some aspect of the thing that you are measuring to an appropriate measuring standard