Physical Science for Educators Final

one kilogram is the same as a. 1,000 g b. 1/1000 g c. 10,000 g d. 0.001 g

a. 1,000 g

A temperature of -15 degrees Celsius is equivalent to _______ Kelvin. a. 258 b. 278 c. -15 d. -258

a. 258

the unit for current is the a. Ampere b. Ohm c. Coulomb D. Volt

a. Ampere

when a hydrocarbon or carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound is burned completely, the products are a. CO2 and H2O b. CH2 and O2 c. CO and H2 d. C and H2

a. CO2 and H2O

which of the following atoms normally has one covalent bond to it a. Cl b. Te c. N d. Ne

a. Cl

if you lift a 15-N weight vertically 30 m above the ground, you are a. Doing work against gravity b. doing work against friction c. doing work against intertia d. doing none of these

a. Doing work against gravity

Which of the following is a vector quantity a. Force b. Power c. Work d. None of these

a. Force

what is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M+ and X^3- a. M3X b. MX3 c. MX d. none of these

a. M3X

One joule per second (J/s) is a a. Watt b. Newton c. Kilogram d. Second

a. Watt

a nonchemical combination of two or more substances in variable proportions is called a. a mixture b. a compound c. an ion d. a molecule

a. a mixture

When you push on a stationary object on a horizontal surface and it doesn't move, what kind of force is most likely opposing your efforts? a. a static friction b. sliding friction force c. gravitational force d. normal force

a. a static friction

Hydrocarbons containing only single bonds are a. alkanes b. alkenes c. aromatics d. alkynes

a. alkanes

which of the following is a positively charged polyatomic ion a. ammonium ion b. oxide ion c. sodium ion d. nitrate ion

a. ammonium ion

a sample of matter that contains atoms that all have the same number of protons is a. an element b. a substance c. a compound d. a homogenous mixture

a. an element

what basic type of equation is illustrated by the general equation A + B --> AB a. combination b. decomposition c. double replacement d. single replacement

a. combination

a freely falling object a. has uniformly increasing velocity b. in unaffected by gravity c. has a uniformly increasing acceleration d. has a uniformly increasing displacement

a. has uniformly increasing velocity

the direction of the magnetic field of a bar magnet is a. in the direction a compass would point b. in any direction c. away from the south pole d. toward the north pole

a. in the direction a compass would point

1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane are a. isomers b. the same compound c. neither isomers nor the same compound

a. isomers

Light can travel to Earth from a distant star, but sound cannot. Why is this? a. light is an electromagnetic wave, and sound requires a medium b. the sun does not make sound c. light is a longitudinal wave, and sound is a transverse wave d. the statement is false; both light and sound can travel in empty space

a. light is an electromagnetic wave, and sound requires a medium

light for which the electric field is restricted to one plane is said to be a. linearly polarized b. linearly refracted c. linearly reflected d. unpolarized

a. linearly polarized

sound is a(n) a. longitudinal wave b. electromagnetic wave c. transverse wave d. standing wave

a. longitudinal wave

which of the following is a possible unit of acceleration a. m/s^2 b. m x s c. m^2/s d. m/s

a. m/s^2

Density describes a. mass per unit volume b. length per unit time c. volume per liter d. weight per mass

a. mass per unit volume

what happens when the polarization directions of two polarizing sheets are at an angle of 90 degrees to each other? a. no light gets through b. there is a maximum transmission c. maximum transmission is reduced by 50% d. none of the preceding

a. no light gets through

the energy of position is called a. potential energy b. power c. kinetic energy d. heat

a. potential energy

The Sun's rays are transmitted to Earth by means of a. radiation b. convection c. temperature d. conduction

a. radiation

A change of phase takes place at a constant a. temperature b. volume c. heat d. pressure

a. temperature

An object transported from Earth's surface to the surface of the moon has a. the same mass, but different weight b. the same weight, but different mass c. the mass and the same weight d. different mass and different weight e. none of these

a. the same mass, but different weight

Power is a. the time rate of doing work. b. the time rate of doing velocity. c. the time rate of doing momentum. d. the time rate of doing force.

a. the time rate of doing work.

An ammonia molecule is a. trigonal pyramidal and polar b. trigonal pyramidal and nonpolar c. triangular and polar d. triangular and nonpolar

a. trigonal pyramidal and polar

when the equation NH4NO3 --> N2O + H20 is balanced, the total of all the coefficients is a. 3 b. 4 c. 7 d. 8

b. 4

The value 45,000 when rounded to 3 significant figures and reported in scientific notation would be a. 4.5x10^4 b. 4.50x10^4 c. 450 d. 4.5x10^-4

b. 4.50x10^4

in the activity series, Zn is more active than Pb. This means that a. Zn is a better catalyst than Pb b. Zn loses its electrons more easily than Pb c. Pb is more readily oxidized than Zn d. none of these

b. Zn loses its electrons more easily than Pb

an element that tends to gain electrons during chemical reactions is probably a. a semimetal b. a nonmetal c. an actinide d. a metal

b. a nonmetal

the general formula RNH2 is that of a. an ester b. an amine c. an amide d. none of these

b. an amine

The kinetic energy of a pendulum is least a. when its potential energy is least b. at the top of its swing c. at the bottom of its swing d. when its total energy is greatest

b. at the top of its swing

In a conductor, what moves? a. neutrons b. electrons c. protons d. quarks

b. electrons

an object will ___________ in a fluid if its average density is ___________ the density of the fluid a. float; greater than b. float; less than c. sink; less than d. sink; equal to

b. float; less than

two equal and opposite forces of 6.0 N act on an object. the unbalanced force on the object a. is 6.0 N b. is 0 N c. is 8 N d. is 12 N

b. is 0 N

According to Newton's second law, the force required to accelerate an object is equal to a. its acceleration divided by its mass b. its mass times the acceleration c. its mass divided by the velocity d. its weight times the velocity

b. its mass times the acceleration

When a material is found to have a definite volume but no definite shape, and when it assumes the shape of the container in which place it is placed, what is the phase of the material? a. gas b. liquid c. plasma d. solid

b. liquid

the angle of incidence of a light wave is a. different depending on whether there is diffuse or specular reflection b. measured from a normal to the surface c. equal to the angle d. measured relative to the surface of the material

b. measured from a normal to the surface

increased reactant concentration usually leads to an increase in reaction rate, because collisions are a. more violent b. more frequent only c. both more violent and more frequent d. none of these

b. more frequent only

wave frequency is inversely proportional to a. amplitude b. period c. wave velocity d. all of these

b. period

The bending of light because of a speed change as it moves from one medium to another is called a. diffraction b. refraction c. reflection d. the doppler effect

b. refraction

a solution with a pH of 8 is a. strongly acidic b. weakly basic c. strongly basic d. weakly acidic

b. weakly basic

in organic molecules, an oxygen atom will normally form how many bonds a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

c. 2

what electric charge is characteristic for an ion of O a. 6+ b. 0 c. 2- d. 2+

c. 2-

which metric unit means "hundredth" a. Milli- b. Kilo- c. Centi- d. Deci-

c. Centi-

the Symbol for Copper is a. C b. Ca c. Cu d. Cf

c. Cu

the ionic compound made of Fe(3+) and CO3(2-) ions would have the formula a. Fe3(CO3)2 b. FeCO3 c. Fe2(CO3)3 d. none of these

c. Fe2(CO3)3

Work is defined as force times a. Distance b. Time c. Parallel distance d. Perpendicular distance

c. Parallel distance

mouthwash is a good example of a. a compound b. a heterogenous mixture c. a homogenous mixture d. an element

c. a homogenous mixture

C3H4 is an example of a(n) a. aromatic b. alkene c. alkyne d. alkane

c. alkyne

the general formula ROH is that of a. an amine b. an alkyl halide c. an alcohol d. none of these

c. an alcohol

a hydrocarbon that contains one or more benzene rings must be classified as a. an alkane b. a cycloalkane c. aromatic d. aliphatic

c. aromatic

all real images a. cannot be focused on a screen b. are erect (upright) c. can be focused on a screen d. are inverted

c. can be focused on a screen

The major difference between transverse and longitudinal waves is the a. direction of the wave motion b. phase difference c. direction of the wave particle displacement with respect to the direction of wave motion d. size of the waves

c. direction of the wave particle displacement with respect to the direction of wave motion

the separation of white light into its component colors is called a. polarization b. diffraction c. dispersion d. refraction

c. dispersion

when sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride, an ionic compound, a. each sodium atom gains two electrons b. each sodium atom gains one electron c. each chlorine atom gains one electron d. each chlorine atom gains two electrons

c. each chlorine atom gains one electron

When there is a net absorption of energy in a chemical reaction, it is called a(n) _______ reaction. a. exothermic b. activation c. endothermic d. combustion

c. endothermic

the octet rule states that the formula for compound is derived by a. using a minimum of 8 atoms b. using exactly 8 bonds in the formula unit c. having all atoms or ions get noble gas electron configuration d. having a net charge of magnitude 8

c. having all atoms or ions get noble gas electron configuration

the natural tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion with a constant velocity is called a. an external force b. an unbalanced force c. intertia d. none of these

c. intertia

the SI base units making up the Newton are a. kg m/s b. g m/s^2 c. kg m/s^2 d. kg^2/s

c. kg m/s^2

which of the following is an example of a chemical property a. Al has a density of 2.70 g/cm^3 b. diamond is the hardest substance known c. limestone will yield CO2 when heated d. CO2 will freeze at -78 Celsius

c. limestone will yield CO2 when heated

ethene and ethane are a. isomers b. the same compound c. neither isomers nor the same compound

c. neither isomers nor the same compound

the identity of an atom is determined by its number of a. valence electrons b. neutrons c. protons d. electrons

c. protons

an acid added to a base will produce a a. salt and hydrogen ions b. salt and hydroxide ions c. salt and water d. stronger acid and base

c. salt and water

all of the following may be represented by vectors except a. velocity b. acceleration c. speed d. force

c. speed

a solution with a pH of 14 is a. strongly acidic b. weakly basic c. strongly basic d. weakly acidic

c. strongly basic

The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a gas is a measure of a. volume b. density c. temperature d. heat content

c. temperature

The Celsius degree is a. the same size as the Fahrenheit degree b. Larger than the kelvin c. the same size as the kelvin d. smaller than the Fahrenheit degree

c. the same size as the kelvin

Two objects are released from the same height at the same time, and one has twice the weight of the other. Ignoring air resistance, a. the heavier object hits the ground first b. the lighter object hits the ground first c. they both hit at the same time d. whichever hits depends on the distance dropped

c. they both hit at the same time

Motion necessarily involves a. a change in velocity. b. a change in speed. c. a change in direction. d. a change in position.

d. a change in position.

law of reflection applies to a. specular reflection b. diffuse reflection c. irregular reflection d. all of these

d. all of these

aluminum is an example of a. a compound b. a solution c. an alloy d. an element

d. an element

If all samples of a material have identical properties and composition, it is a. a compound b. an element c. a homogenous mixture d. an element or compound

d. an element or compound

Which of the following four objects has the greatest kinetic energy a. an object of mass m moving with a speed of 4v b. an object of mass 3m moving with a speed 2v c. an object of mass 4m moving with a speed v d. an object of mass 2m moving with a speed 3v

d. an object of mass 2m moving with a speed 3v

A mass is accelerated when ______________ acts upon the mass. a. a balanced force b. any force c. no force d. an unbalanced force

d. an unbalanced force

Wave frequency could be given in a. 1/s b. s^-1 c. Hz d. any of these

d. any of these

the rate of a chemical reaction would be decreased by a. stirring the reactants b. increasing the concentration of the reactants c. adding a catalyst to the reactants d. cooling the reactants

d. cooling the reactants

which type of reaction is 2Cu(NO3)3 --> 2CuO +4NO2 + O2 a. single replacement b. double replacement c. combination d. decomposition

d. decomposition

rounding the number 200.601 to three significant figures a. gives 199 b. gives 200 c. gives 200.60 d. gives 201

d. gives 201

the energy of a system a. always increases b. always remains c. increases when work is done by the system d. increases when work is done on the system

d. increases when work is done on the system

A ray of light in water strikes an air-water interface at an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle. The ray a. emerges but is bent away from the normal b. travels along the interface c. emerges but is bent toward the normal d. is totally reflected into the water

d. is totally reflected into the water

which of the following would be the same for a person on the Moon rather than on Earth? a. maximum jumping height b. weight c. the amount of time for an object to fall 2 meters from rest d. mass

d. mass

what is the standard unit of length in the metric system a. foot b. kilometer c. yard d. meter

d. meter

in the HCl molecule, the bonding electrons spend a. equal time around both atoms b. all of their time around only one of the atoms c. more time around the H atom d. more time around the Cl atom

d. more time around the Cl atom

A doppler red shift indicates a. a shift toward higher frequencies b. a shift toward shorter wavelengths c. that a light source is approaching relative to the observer d. none of these

d. none of these

a balanced chemical equation will have the same ___________ on each side a. number of moles b. number of molecules c. mass of each compound d. number of atoms of each element

d. number of atoms of each element

the unit of resistance is called a(n) a. volt b. ampere c. coulomb d. ohm e. watt

d. ohm

The sharing of two electrons by unlike atoms generally forms a(n) ______________ bond. a. ionic b. metallic c. nonpolar d. polar covalent

d. polar covalent

which of the following is a physical change a. rusting of iron b. fermenting of grape juice c. souring of milk d. sharpening a pencil

d. sharpening a pencil

When a material is found to have a definite volume and definite shape, and when it doesn't require a container to maintain its shape, what is the phase of the material? a. gas b. liquid c. plasma d. solid

d. solid

A chemical reaction is balanced by applying all except which of the following principles? a. no atoms are gained, lost, or changed in identity b. only the numbers preceding formulas can be changed c. the set of smallest whole numbers should be used d. subscripts in the formulas may be changed if necessary

d. subscripts in the formulas may be changed if necessary

in a battery circuit with different resistors in parallel, a. the total resistance us larger than the value of the largest resistor b. the current is the same through each resistor c. the resistance is larger than the value of the smallest resistor d. the voltage is the same across each resistor

d. the voltage is the same across each resistor

Voltage is defined as the ______________ per unit ______________. a. charge; current b. work; current c. charge; current d. work; charge

d. work; charge

the energy involved in a phase change is called the a. specific b. heat c. thermal energy d. internal energy e. latent heat

e. latent heat