Physical Science
Which of the following nuclear equations correctly describes alpha emission?
238/92U 234/90Th+4/2He
Which of the following nuclides will undergo beta decay to produce 243 95 Am?
243 94 Pu
What is the main product when 231 91 Pa undergoes alpha decay?
277/89 Ac
Carbon-14 dating is fairly reliable for dating once-living materials that died up to ________
50,000 years ago
How many protons and neutrons are in 235/92 U?
92 p and 143 n
The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center of the Sun is
H
What does Einstein's energy equation (E=mc2) say about the energy that is derived from nuclear fission reactions?
The energy released is due to the missing mass of the products compared to the mass of the starting materials.
Why doesn't uranium ore spontaneously undergo a chain reaction?
Uranium ore is mostly non - fissionable isotope U-238
An atom with an imbalance of electrons to protons is
an ion
The strong nuclear force is very sensitive to ________
distance
The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cells is
due to ionization
When an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different
element
Where does the earth receive most of its energy?
external fusion
Between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, radioactive by-products are more characteristic of nuclear
fission
Which radiation has no electric charge associated with it?
gamma rays
How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion reaction compare to the mass of the original elements?
less
The half-life of an isotope is one day. At the end of two days the amount that remains is
one-quarter
Beta rays can penetrate
several millimeters of aluminum
A shorter half-life means that a radioactive substance is relatively_______.
stable
Nuclear fission is known to be commonly produced____.
within the Sun