Physical Science

Which of the following nuclear equations correctly describes alpha emission?

238/92U 234/90Th+4/2He

Which of the following nuclides will undergo beta decay to produce 243 95 Am?

243 94 Pu

What is the main product when 231 91 Pa undergoes alpha decay?

277/89 Ac

Carbon-14 dating is fairly reliable for dating once-living materials that died up to ________

50,000 years ago

How many protons and neutrons are in 235/92 U?

92 p and 143 n

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center of the Sun is

H

What does Einstein's energy equation (E=mc2) say about the energy that is derived from nuclear fission reactions?

The energy released is due to the missing mass of the products compared to the mass of the starting materials.

Why doesn't uranium ore spontaneously undergo a chain reaction?

Uranium ore is mostly non - fissionable isotope U-238

An atom with an imbalance of electrons to protons is

an ion

The strong nuclear force is very sensitive to ________

distance

The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cells is

due to ionization

When an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different

element

Where does the earth receive most of its energy?

external fusion

Between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, radioactive by-products are more characteristic of nuclear

fission

Which radiation has no electric charge associated with it?

gamma rays

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion reaction compare to the mass of the original elements?

less

The half-life of an isotope is one day. At the end of two days the amount that remains is

one-quarter

Beta rays can penetrate

several millimeters of aluminum

A shorter half-life means that a radioactive substance is relatively_______.

stable

Nuclear fission is known to be commonly produced____.

within the Sun