CNS Lecture
blood barriers
1. Blood brain barrier 2. Blood CSF barrier 3. Blood spinal cord barrier
ventricles
4 (choroid plexus)
anterior median fissure
Anterior spinal artery lies here
neuroglial cells
CNS support, protect and provide nutrients to neurons
central canal
CSF circulation
Temporal (CC)
Hearing, Wernicke's area
spinal cord anatomy
L1/L2, conus medullaries, cauda equina, filum terminale (coccyx bone)
blood brain barrier
astrocytes
blood spinal cord barrier
astrocytes
Frontal (CC)
broca's area; motor prefrontal: personality
Spinal cord matter: grey
center "butterfly," posterior horn (sensory), lateral/anterior horn (motor)
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
Brain
cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum
midbrain
colliculi and somatosensory
Brain stem
composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
cerebellum
coordination and arbor vitae
basal nuclei
cortical processing
surrounds brain for protection
cranial bones
pia mater
deepest (visceral)
Nerves of the spinal cord
dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor)
meninges
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
blood CSF barrier
ependymal cells
Cerebrum "subcortical structures"
forebrain basal nuclei, hippocampus amygdala, basal nuclei
Choroid plexus
forms csf and ependymal cells
cerebral cortex (lobes)
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insula
cerebral cortex
gray matter; gyrus and sulcus
Cerebrum
hemispheres and cerebral cortex
hippocampus, amygdala
limbic system; emotion and memory
cerebral cortex is made up of...
lobes and precentral gyrus
Hemispheres
longitudinal fissure and corpus callosum
Spinal cord matter: white
outer portion, asecending tracts, descending tracts
Diencephalon: Epithalamus
pineal gland, secretes melatonin
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus
pituitary gland and limbic system
forebrain basal nuclei
play a role in learning and memory; synthesize and release acetylcholine
spinal cord features
posterior median sulcus, anterior median fissure, central canals, nerves
Occipital (CC)
primary vision
Diencephalon: Thalamus
relay and processing centers for sensory information
Parietal (CC)
sensory
precentral gyrus
separates somatosensory and somatic motor functions
dura mater
superficial, tough
central canal (CSF)
superior sagittal sinus
insula (CC)
taste
diencephalon
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
arachnoid mater
vascularization and arachnoid villi
surrounds spinal cord for protection
vertebrae
pons
visceral functions
medulla oblongata
visceral functions and reticular formation: sleep/wake cycle
spinal cord matter
white matter outside, gray matter inside