CNS Lecture

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blood barriers

1. Blood brain barrier 2. Blood CSF barrier 3. Blood spinal cord barrier

ventricles

4 (choroid plexus)

anterior median fissure

Anterior spinal artery lies here

neuroglial cells

CNS support, protect and provide nutrients to neurons

central canal

CSF circulation

Temporal (CC)

Hearing, Wernicke's area

spinal cord anatomy

L1/L2, conus medullaries, cauda equina, filum terminale (coccyx bone)

blood brain barrier

astrocytes

blood spinal cord barrier

astrocytes

Frontal (CC)

broca's area; motor prefrontal: personality

Spinal cord matter: grey

center "butterfly," posterior horn (sensory), lateral/anterior horn (motor)

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

Brain

cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum

midbrain

colliculi and somatosensory

Brain stem

composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

cerebellum

coordination and arbor vitae

basal nuclei

cortical processing

surrounds brain for protection

cranial bones

pia mater

deepest (visceral)

Nerves of the spinal cord

dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor)

meninges

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

blood CSF barrier

ependymal cells

Cerebrum "subcortical structures"

forebrain basal nuclei, hippocampus amygdala, basal nuclei

Choroid plexus

forms csf and ependymal cells

cerebral cortex (lobes)

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insula

cerebral cortex

gray matter; gyrus and sulcus

Cerebrum

hemispheres and cerebral cortex

hippocampus, amygdala

limbic system; emotion and memory

cerebral cortex is made up of...

lobes and precentral gyrus

Hemispheres

longitudinal fissure and corpus callosum

Spinal cord matter: white

outer portion, asecending tracts, descending tracts

Diencephalon: Epithalamus

pineal gland, secretes melatonin

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus

pituitary gland and limbic system

forebrain basal nuclei

play a role in learning and memory; synthesize and release acetylcholine

spinal cord features

posterior median sulcus, anterior median fissure, central canals, nerves

Occipital (CC)

primary vision

Diencephalon: Thalamus

relay and processing centers for sensory information

Parietal (CC)

sensory

precentral gyrus

separates somatosensory and somatic motor functions

dura mater

superficial, tough

central canal (CSF)

superior sagittal sinus

insula (CC)

taste

diencephalon

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

arachnoid mater

vascularization and arachnoid villi

surrounds spinal cord for protection

vertebrae

pons

visceral functions

medulla oblongata

visceral functions and reticular formation: sleep/wake cycle

spinal cord matter

white matter outside, gray matter inside


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