Physics Final Study Guide
An elephant can hear sound with a frequency of 15 Hz. What is the wavelength of this wave if the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s? (free response question)
23 m
A battery is rated such that it provides 1.0 mW of power at 9.0 V when fully charged. How much current can it deliver? a) 0.11 mA b) 9.1 kA c) 81 kA d) 0.33 mA
A) 0.11 mA
A 0.14-kg baseball is dropped from rest from a height of 2.0 m above the ground. What is the magnitude of its momentum just before it hits the ground if we neglect air resistance? a) 0.88 kg m/s b) 0.28 kg m/s c) 0.44 kg m/s d) 0.62 kg m/s e) 1.4 kg m/s
A) 0.88 kg m/s
Two point charges each experience a 1-N electrostatic force when they are 2 cm apart. If they are moved to a new separation of 8 cm, what is the magnitude of the electric force on each of them? a) 1/16 N b) 1/4 N c) 1/2 N d) 2 N e) 1/8 N
A) 1/16 N
What potential difference is required to cause a 4.0 A to flow through a resistance of 330 Ohms? A) 1320 V B) 82.5V C) 12.1V D) 334V
A) 1320 V
Two equally charged tiny spheres of mass 1.0g are placed 2cm apart. When released, they begin to accelerate away from each other at 414m/S^2. What is the magnitude of the charge on each sphere, assuming only that the electric force is present (k=9.0x10^9Nm^2^2) A) 140nC B) 120 nC C) 75 nC D) 95nC
A) 140nC
What is the wavelength used by a radio station that broadcasts at a frequency of 920 kHz (c= 3.00 x 10^8 m/s) a) 326 m b) 22.6 m c) 175 m d) 226 m e) 276 m
A) 326 m
The kinetic friction force that a horizontal surface exerts on a 60.0-kg object is 50.0N. If the initial speed of the object is 25.0 m/s, what distance will it slide before coming to a stop? A) 375m B) 15.0m C) 30.0m D) 750m
A) 375m
The focal length of a concave mirror has a magnitude of 20 cm. What is its radius of curvature? a) 40 cm b) 10 cm c) 20 cm d) -40 cm e) -20 cm
A) 40 cm
You are driving along a highway at 35 m/s when you hear the siren of a police car approaching you from behind at a constant speed and you perceive the frequency as 1340 Hz. You are relieved that he is in pursuit of a different driver when he continues past you, but now you perceive the frequency as 1300Hz. What is the speed of the police car? The speed of sound in the air is 343 m/s A) 40.1m/s B) 39.2m/s C) 41.7m/s D) 38.4m/s E) 30m/s
A) 40.1m/s
A cell phone is placed 40cm in front of a converging lens with a focal length of magnitude 2cm. How far is the image of this phone from the lens? A) 40cm B) 10cm C) 20cm D) 60cm E) 13cm
A) 40cm
Two electrons are 20.0 mm apart at closest approach. What is the magnitude of the maximum electric force that they exert on each other? (e= 1.60 x !0^-19 C, k= 9 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2) a) 5.8 x 10^-25 N b) 2.3 N c) 2.3 x 10^10 N d) 5.8 x 10^-27 N
A) 5.8 x 10^-25 N
If a spherical concave mirror has a radius of curvature R, its focal length is A) R/2 B) R C) R/4 D) 2R E) 4R
A) R/2
Which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum? a) a sound wave b) a light wave c) a radio wave d) all can e) none can
A) a sound wave
A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always a) directed downward b) opposite its velocity c) in the direction of motion d) directed upward e) none of the above
A) directed downward
When an object moves in uniform circular motion, the direction of its acceleration is a) is directed toward the center of its circular path b) depends on the speed of the object c) is directed away from the center of its circular path d) in the opposite direction of its velocity vector e) in the same direction as its velocity vector
A) is directed toward the center of its circular path
According to the law of reflection, the incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal between them A) lie in the same place B) lie in planes that are perpendicular to one another C) may or may not be in the same place
A) lie in the same place
When a car goes around a circular curve on a horizontal road at constant speed, what force causes it to follow the circular oath? a) the friction force from the road b) the normal force from the road c) gravity d) No force causes the car to do this because the car is traveling at constant speed and therefore has no acceleration
A) the friction force from the road
When a flower petal is 4.0 cm in front of a converging lens, the inverted image is half the heigh of the petal. What is the focal length of this lens? a) 5.3 cm b) 1.3 cm c) 2.0 cm d) 4.0 cm
B) 1.3 cm
A 340-g air track cart traveling at 1.25m/s suddenly collides elastically with a stationary 300-g cart. What is the speed of the 300-g cart just after the collision? A) 0.625 m/s B) 1.33 m/s C) 0.664 m/s D) 1.25 m/s E) 0.0781 m/s
B) 1.33 m/s
Light having a speed in vacuum 3.0x10^8 m/s enters a liquid of refractive index 2.0. In this liquid, its speed will be A) 0.67x10^8m/s B) 1.5x10^8m/s C) 3.0x10^8m/s D)6.0x10^8m/s E)0.75x10^8m/s
B) 1.5x10^8m/s
A toy rocket that weighs 10N blasts straight up from ground level with an initial kinetic energy of 40J. At the exact top of its trajectory, its total mechanical energy is 140J. To what vertical height above the ground does it rise, assuming no air resistance? A) 1.0m B) 10m C) 24m D) 14m
B) 10m
A toaster is rated at 800 W when operating a 120 V cd. What is the resistance of its heating element? a) 16 ohms b) 18 ohms c) 0.15 ohms d) 6.7 ohms
B) 18 ohms
When a car of mass 1197 kg accelerates from 10.0 m/s to some final speed, 4.00 x 10^5 J of work are done. Find this final speed. a) 25.2 m/s b) 28.0 m/s c) 22.4 m/s d) 30.8 m/s
B) 28.0 m/s
A spaceship enters the solar system moving toward the sun at a constant speed relative to the sun. By its own clock, the time elapsed between the time it crosses the orbit of Jupiter and then time it crosses the orbit of Mars is 50.0 minutes. As measured in the coordinate system of the sun, how long did it take for the spaceship to travel that distance? The radius of the orbit of Jupiter is 778 X 10^9 m, and that of the orbit of Mars is 228 x 10^9 m. a) 30.0 minutes b) 58.6 minutes c) 698. minutes d) 95.8 minutes e) 43.6 minutes
B) 58.6 minutes
A 1500-kg car accelerates from rest to 25 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the average power delivered by the engine? (1 hp=746 W) a) 80 hp b) 90 hp c) 60 hp d) 70 hp
B) 90 hp
Two tiny beads are 25 cm apart with no other charges or fields present. Bead A carries 10 uC of charge and Bead B carries 1 uC. Which one of the following statements is true about the magnitudes of the electric forces on these beads? a) The force on A is 100 times the force on B b) The force on A is exactly equal to the force on B c) The force on B is 100 times the force on A d) The force on B is 10 times the force on A e) The force on A is 10 times the force on B
B) The force on A is exactly equal to the force on B
A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy is a? A) magnet B) generator C) motor D) transformer E) none of the above
B) generator
The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is? A) about 3/4 your height B) half your height C) about 1/3 your height D) dependent upon your distance from the mirror E) equal to your height
B) half your height
If the mass of Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would a) decrease b) increase also c) stays the same
B) increase also
The speedometer of an automobile reads a) average speed b) instantaneous speed c) accelerated speed
B) instantaneous speed
In many cartoon shows, a character runs off a cliff, realizes his predicament, and lets out a scream. He continues to scream as he falls. If the physical situation is portrayed correctly, from the vantage point of an observer at the top of the cliff leaning over the edge, the pitch of the scream as he falls should be a) higher than the original pitch and constant b) lower than the original pitch and decreasing as he falls c) lower than the original pitch and constant d) higher than the original pitch and increasing as he falls e) It is impossible to predict
B) lower than the original pitch and decreasing as he falls
Which does NOT belong to the same family? a) shock waves b) radio waves c) ultrasonic waves d) longitudinal waves e) infrasonic waves
B) radio waves
Suppose that a sound source is emitting waves uniformly in all directions. If you move to a point twice as far away from the source, the frequency of the sound will be A) half as great B) unchanged C) one-fourth as great D) twice as great
B) unchanged
When a car goes around a circular curve on a horizontal road at constant speed, what force causes it to follow the circular path? a) gravity b) the friction force from the road c) the normal force from the road d) No force causes the car to do this because the car is traveling at constant speed and therefore has no acceleration
B)the friction force from the road
When a flower petal is 4.0 cm in front of a converging lens, the inverted image is half the height of the petal. What is the focal length of this lens? a) 5.3 cm b) 4.0 cm c) 1.3 cm d) 2.0 cm
C) 1.3 cm
A 250-kg motorcycle goes around an unbanked turn of radius 13.7 m at a steady 96.5 km/h. What is the magnitude of the net force on the motorcycle? a) 2.95 x 10^3 N b) 719 N c) 1.31 x 10^4 N d) 4.31 x 10^4 N
C) 1.31 x 10^4 N
A 100-g ball falls from a window that is 12 m above ground level and experiences no significant air resistance as it falls. What is its momentum when it strikes the ground? a) 2.4 kg m/s b) 4.8 kg m/s c) 1.5 kg m/s d) 1.8 kg m/s e) 3.3 kg m/s
C) 1.5 kg m/s
An object hits a wall and bounces back with half of its original speed. What is the ratio of the final kinetic energy to the initial kinetic energy of the object? a) 1/8 b) 1/2 c) 1/4 d) 1/16
C) 1/4
A power line with a resistance of 2ohms carries a current of 80A. The power dissipated in the line is? A) 160W B) 320W C) 12,800W D) 40W E) none of the above
C) 12,800W
A proton of mass m is at rest when it is suddenly struck head-on by an alpha (which consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons) moving at speed v. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what speed will the alpha particle have after the collision? (Assume the neutron's mass is equal to the proton's mass) a) 2v/3 b) zero c) 3v/5 d) 5v/3
C) 3v/5
Calculate the impulse due to a force of 4.5 N that lasts for 1.4 s a) 6.9 kg m/s b) 5.0 kg m/s c) 6.3 kg m/s d) 5.7 kg m/s
C) 6.3 kg m/s
A girl of 55kg throws a ball of mass .80kg against a wall. The ball strikes the wall horizontally with a speed of 25m/s, and it bounces back with the same speed. The ball is on contact with the wall 0.050s. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted on the wall by the ball? A) 27,500N B) 13,750N C) 800N D) 55,000N E) 400N
C) 800N
Which of the following quantities are units of momentum? (there could be more than one correct choice.) a) kg m^2 b) kg m^2/s^2 c) N s d) kg s/m e) N m
C) N s
As more lamps are connected in a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source a) stays the same b) decreases c) increases
C) increases
Halley's Comet is in a highly elliptical orbit around the sun. Therefore the orbital speed of Halley's Comet, while traveling around the sun, a) is constant b) is zero at two points in the orbit c) increases as it nears the Sun d) decreases as it nears the sun
C) increases as it nears the Sun
In the figure, determine the character of the collision. The masses of the blocks, and the velocities before and after, are shown. The collision is 1.8 m/s 0.2 m/s 0.6 m/s 1.4 m/s -------> <-------- <-------- --------> 4 kg 6 kg 4 kg 6 kg Before After a) partially inelastic b) completely inelastic c) perfectly elastic d) characterized by an increase in kinetic energy e) not possible because momentum is not conserved
C) perfectly elastic
Suppose that a sound source is emitting waves uniformly in all directions. If you move to a point twice as far away from the source, the frequency of the sound will be a) twice as great b) half as great c) unchanged d) one-fourth as great
C) unchanged
A small car meshes with a large truck in a head-on collision. Which of the following statements concerning the momentum during the collision are correct? A) The momentum of the car is conserved B) The momentum of the car and the momentum of the truck are each conserved C)The momentum of the car-truck system is conserved, but the momentum of each one separately is not conserved D) the momentum of the truck is conserved E) The car and the truck must undergo the same change in speed
C)The momentum of the car-truck system is conserved, but the momentum of each one separately is not conserved
What is the voltage drop across a 5.0-ohm resistor if the current through it is 5.0 A? a) 100 V b) 1.0 V c) 4.0 V d) 25 V
D) 25 V
The frequency of a microwave signal is 9.76 GHz. What is its wavelength? (c= 3.00 x 10^8) a) 2.07 cm b) 4.07 cm c) 1.07 cm d) 3.07 cm e) 5.07 cm
D) 3.07 cm
If a rocket initially accelerates at a rate of 50m/s^2 for one minute will be A) 50 m/s B) 500 m/s C) 3600 m/s D) 3000 m/s
D) 3000 m/s
A laser beam takes 24 ms to travel from a rocket to the reflective surface of a planet and back to the rocket. How far is the rocket from this planet's surface? (c=3.0x10^8 m/s) A) 1800km B) 2400km C) 4800km D) 3600km E)1200km
D) 3600km
Two small balls, A and B, attract each other gravitationally with a force of magnitude F. If we now double both masses and the separation of the balls, what will now be the magnitude of the attractive force on each one? a) 4F b) F/4 c) 8F d) F e) 16F
D) F
Seven seconds after a brilliant flash of lightning, thunder shakes the house. Approximately how far was the lightning strike from the house? a) about one kilometer away b) much farther away than two kilometers c) much closer than one kilometer d) about two kilometers away e) It is impossible to say
D) about two kilometers away
When the distance between two stars decreased by one-third, the force between them a) increased to twice as much b) decreases by one-half c) decreases by one-third d) increases to nine times as much e) none of the above
D) increases to nine times as much
An object is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is the object located when its kinetic energy is a maximum? a) at either A or B b) one-third of the way between A and B c) one-fourth of the way between A and B d) midway between A and B e) at none of the above points
D) midway between A and B
Which one of the following lists gives the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from low to high frequencies? a) radio waves, infrared, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible, gamma rays b) radio waves, ultraviolet, x-rays, microwaves, infrared, visible, gamma rays c) radio waves, microwaves, visible, x-rays, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays d) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays e) radio waves, infrared, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, x-rays gamma rays
D) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
A 1000-kg car is moving at 30 m/s around a horizontal unbanked curve whose diameter is 0.20 km. What is the magnitude of the friction force required to keep the car from sliding? a) 3000 N b) 9800 N c) 900 N d) 9000 N e) 300 N
D)9000 N
A current of 5.0 A flows through an electrical device for 10 seconds. How many electrons flow through this device during this time? (e= 1.6 x 10^-19 C) a) 31 x 10^20 b) 20 c) 0.20 d) 2.0 e) 3.1 x 10^20
E) 3.1 x 10^20
An piece of space debris is released from rest at an altitude that is two earth radii from the center of the earth. Compared to its weight on Earth, the weight of this debris is a) zero b) the same as on the surface of the earth c) one-third of its weight on the surface of the earth d) one-half of its weight on the surface of the earth e) one-quarter of its weight on the surface of the earth
E) one-quarter of its weight on the surface of the earth
Which one of the following lists gives the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from low to high frequencies? A) radio waves, microwaves, visible, x-rays, infared, ultraviolet, gamma rays B) radio waves, infared, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, ,x-rays, gamma rays C) radio waves, ultraviolet, x-rays, microwaves, infared, visitble, gamma rays D) radio ways, infared, x-rays, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, gamma rays E) radio waves, microwaves, infared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
E) radio waves, microwaves, infared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
A 4-ohm and 6-ohm resistor connected in parallel have an equivalent resistance of a) 5.5 ohms b) 5 ohms c) 10 ohms d) 4 ohms e) 2.4 ohms
E)2.4 ohms
You carry a 7.0-kg bag of groceries 1.2 m above the ground at constant speed across a 2.7 m room. How much work do you do on the bag in the process? a) 0.00 J b) 185 J c) 157 J d) 82 J
a) 0.00 J
A 200-ohm resistor is rated at 1/4 W. What is the maximum current it can safely draw? a) 0.035 A b) 0.35 A c) 0.25 A d) 50 A
a) 0.035 A
A stone initially moving at 8.0 m/s on a level surface comes to rest due to friction after it travels 11 m. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the stone and the surface? a) 0.30 b) 0.13 c) 0.80 d) 0.25 e) 0.43
a) 0.30
A 1.0-kg object moving in a certain direction has a kinetic energy of 2.0 J. It hits a wall and comes back with half of its original speed. What is the kinetic energy of this object at this point? a) 0.50 J b) 1.0 J c) 4.0 J d) 2.0 J e) 0.25 J
a) 0.50 J
A 100-g ball falls from a window that is 12 m above ground level and experiences no significant air resistance as it falls. What is its momentum when it strikes the ground? a) 1.5 kg ∙ m/s b) 3.3 kg ∙ m/s c) 2.4 kg ∙ m/s d) 1.8 kg ∙ m/s e) 4.8 kg ∙ m/s
a) 1.5 kg ∙ m/s
An object is in front of a concave spherical mirror, and its image is 4.0 cm behind the mirror. If the focal length of the mirror has a magnitude of 5.0 cm, where is the object? a) 2.2 cm in front of the mirror b) 1.0 cm behind the mirror c) 2.2 cm behind the mirror d) 9.0 cm in front of the mirror
a) 2.2 cm in front of the mirror
A 1200-kg cannon suddenly fires a 100-kg cannonball at 35 m/s. What is the recoil speed of the cannon? Assume that frictional forces are negligible and the cannon is fired horizontally. a) 2.9 m/s b) 35 m/s c) 3.5 m/s d) 3.2 m/s
a) 2.9 m/s
What is the gravitational force acting on a 59-kg person due to another 59-kg person standing 2.0 m away? We can model each person as a small sphere. (G = 6.67 × 10^-11 N ∙ m^2/kg^2) a) 5.8 × 10^-8 N b) 9.8 × 10^-10 N c) 1.2 × 10^-7 N d) 8.5 × 10^3 N e) 2.0 × 10^-9 N
a) 5.8 × 10^-8 N
What is the frequency does a stationary observer hear when a train approaches her with a speed of 30 m/s. The frequency of the train horn is 0.600 kHz and the speed of sound is 340 m/s. a) 658 Hz b) 600 Hz c) 551 Hz d) 653 Hz
a) 658 Hz
A 2-kg ball is held 4 m above the ground. Relative to the ground its potential energy is a) 80 J b) 32 J c) 8 J d) 6 J e) more than 80 J
a) 80 J
Which of these electromagnetic waves have the shortest wavelength? a) X-rays b) light waves c) ultraviolet waves d) radio waves e) infrared waves
a) X-rays
Seven seconds after a brilliant flash of lightning, thunder shakes the house. Approximately how far was the lightning strike from the house? a) about two kilometers away b) much farther away than two kilometers c) much closer than one kilometer d) about one kilometer away e) It is impossible to say.
a) about two kilometers away
The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that a) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. b) ac circuits multiply power more easily. c) more energy is dissipated during transmission. d) ac circuits are safer. e) ac voltage oscillates while dc voltage does not.
a) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers.
Refraction occurs when light passing from one medium to another a) changes speed b) reflects inward c) changes frequency d) loses energy
a) changes speed
Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear a) closer to the surface than it actually is. b) farther down than it actually is. c) neither of these
a) closer to the surface than it actually is.
A 1-kg ball dropped from 2 m rebounds only 1.5 m after hitting the ground. The amount of energy converted to heat is about a) more than 2.0 J. b) 0.5 J c) 1.0 J d) 2.0 J e) 1.5 J
a) more than 2.0 J.
Two planets have the same surface gravity, but planet B has twice the mass of planet A. If planet A has radius r, what is the radius of planet B? a) r√2 b) 2r c) r/ √2 d) r e) 4r
a) r√2
Which one of the following is not an electromagnetic wave? a) sound waves b) ultraviolet c) radio waves d) infrared e) gamma rays
a) sound waves
The critical angle for a beam of light passing from water into air is 48.8 degrees. This means that all light rays with an angle of incidence in the water that is greater than 48.8 degrees will be a) totally reflected b) totally absorbed by the water c) partially reflected and partially transmitted d) totally transmitted
a) totally reflected
Your image in a plane mirror is a) virtual b) real c) both of these d) neither of these
a) virtual
Inside a freely-falling runaway elevator, your a) weight is zero. b) gravitational interaction with Earth is zero. c) acceleration is zero. d) all of the above e) none of the above
a) weight is zero.
A total of 2.0 × 10^13 electrons pass a given point in a wire in 15 s. What is the current in the wire? (e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C) a) 1.3 mA b) 0.21 uA c) 3.2 uA d) 1.3 A
b) 0.21 uA
A certain part of the electromagnetic spectrum ranges from 200 nm to 400 nm. What is the highest frequency associated with this portion of the spectrum? (c= 3.00 x 10^8 m/s) a) 7.50 x 10^14 Hz b) 1.50 x 10^15 Hz c) 7.50 x 10^15 Hz d) 1.50 x 10^14 Hz e) 7.50 x 10^13 Hz
b) 1.50 x 10^15 Hz
A 200-W light bulb is connected across a 110-V dc power supply. What current will flow through this bulb? a) 0 A b) 1.8 A c) 0.60 A d) 0.36 A e) 0.90 A
b) 1.8 A
When a ball thrown straight upwards reaches the very top of its path, its acceleration is a) 5 m/s^2. b) 10 m/s^2. c) zero. d) none of the above.
b) 10 m/s^2.
If the index of refraction of a material is 2, this means that light travels a) 2 times as fast in air as it does in vacuum. b) 2 times as fast in vacuum as it does in the material. c) 2 times as fast in the material as it does in air. d) 2 times as fast in the material than it does in vacuum. e) 1/2 as fast in air as it does in the material.
b) 2 times as fast in vacuum as it does in the material.
What is the current flowing in a wire if 0.67 C of charge pass a point in the wire in 0.30 s? a) 0.67 A b) 2.2 A c) 0.30 A d) 0.20 A
b) 2.2 A
An object is in front of a concave spherical mirror, and its image is 4.0 cm behind the mirror. If the focal length of the mirror has a magnitude of 5.0 cm, where is the object? a) 9.0 cm in front of the mirror b) 2.2 cm in front of the mirror c) 1.0 cm behind the mirror d) 2.2 cm behind the mirror
b) 2.2 cm in front of the mirror
When an object is 12 cm in front of a concave mirror, the image is 3.0 cm in front of the mirror? What is the focal length of the mirror? a) 15 cm b) 2.4 cm c) -0.25 cm d) 4.0 cm e) -1.3 cm
b) 2.4 cm
Consider a pipe of length L that is open at both ends. What are the wavelengths of the three lowest-pitch tones produced by this pipe? a) 4L, 4L/3, 4L/5 b) 2L, L, 2L/3 c) 2L, L, L/2 d) 4L, 2L, L
b) 2L, L, 2L/3
A cell phone is placed 40 cm in front of a converging lens with a focal length of magnitude 20 cm. How far is the image of this phone from the lens? a) 60 cm b) 40 cm c) 13 cm d) 20 cm e) 10 cm
b) 40 cm
How many electrons are necessary to produce 1.0 C of negative charge? (e= 1.60 x 10^-19 C) a) 1.6 x 10^19 b) 6.3 x 10^18 c) 1.6 x 10^9 d) 6.0 x 10^23 e) 6.3 x 10^9
b) 6.3 x 10^18
How many electrons are necessary to produce 1.0 C of negative charge? (e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C) a) 6.3 × 10^9 b) 6.3 × 10^18 c) 6.0 × 10^23 d) 1.6 × 10^9 e) 1.6 × 10^19
b) 6.3 × 10^18
Sonar is used to determine the speed of an object. A 40.0-kHz signal is sent out, and a 42.0-kHz signal is returned. If the speed of sound is 345 m/s, how fast is the object moving? a) 347 m/s b) 8.4 m/s c) 331 m/s d) 6.9 m/s
b) 8.4 m/s
Two point charges, Q1 and Q2, are separated by a distanceR. If the magnitudes of both charges are halved and their separation is also halved, what happens to the electrical force that each charge exerts on the other one? a) It increases by a factor of 8. b) It remains the same. c) It increases by a factor of 4. d) It increases by a factor of 2. e) It increases by a factor of 16.
b) It remains the same.
You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. How can you do this? a) You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving. b) You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task! c) You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light in the spaceship. d) You can determine if the ship is moving by lying down and measuring your height. If you are shorter than usual, the ship is moving.
b) You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task!
Which has greater kinetic energy? a) a car traveling at 30 km/hr b) a car of half the mass traveling at 60 km/hr c) both the same d) need more information
b) a car of half the mass traveling at 60 km/hr
The current produced by a common generator is a) dc b) ac c) neither of these
b) ac
Radio waves travel a) slower, on average, than sound waves. b) always much faster than sound waves. c) in common cases at the same speed as sound waves. d) at a speed that depends on frequency.
b) always much faster than sound waves.
In units of measurement, power in watts is equal to a) amperes/second b) amperes x volts c) volts/ second d) amperes x ohms e) none of the above
b) amperes x volts
Rapid change of a magnetic field induces a) a magnetic field of greater magnitude. b) an electric field. c) a magnetic field of the same magnitude.
b) an electric field.
For the graph shown in the figure, what physical quantity does the slope of the graph represent for ohmic material? graph= potential vs. resistance a) resistivity b) current c) power d) 1/ (resistivity) e) 1/ (current)
b) current
Katelyn runs along the aisle of a train that moves at 8 m/s. Her speed relative to the floor is 3 m/s. Her speed relative to the observer at rest on the ground is a) 11 m/s b) either depending on her running direction c) 5 m/s d) none of the above
b) either depending on her running direction
If a Ping-Pong ball and a golf ball both move in the same direction with the same amount of kinetic energy, the speed of the Ping-Pong ball must be a) both the same b) more than the golf ball c) less than the golf ball d) need more information
b) more than the golf ball
The rate at which energy is transferred is a) electromagnetic induction b) power c) transformation d) none of the above
b) power
Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others? a) gamma rays b) sound waves c) X-rays d) light waves e) radio waves
b) sound waves
If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because a) of alterations in the mechanical energy input. b) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. c) unlike a battery, it produces alternating current. d) all of the above e) none of the above
b) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates.
No work is done by gravity on a bowling ball that rolls along a bowling alley because a) little distance is covered by the ball b) the force on the ball is at right angles to the ball's motion c) the ball's speed remains constant d) no force acts on the ball
b) the force on the ball is at right angles to the ball's motion
Two ice skaters suddenly push off against one another starting from a stationary position. The 45-kg skater acquires a speed of 0.375 m/s relative to the ice. What speed does the 60-kg skater acquire relative to the ice? a) 0.00 m/s b) 0.38 m/s c) 0.28 m/s d) 0.75 m/s e) 0.50 m/s
c) 0.28 m/s
A light bulb operating at a dc voltage of 120 V has a power rating of 60 W. How much current is flowing through this bulb? a) 2.0 A b) 1.5 A c) 0.50 A d) 2.5 A e) 1.0 A
c) 0.50 A
What is the frequency of an electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength of 300,000 km? a) less than 1 Hz b) more than 1 Hz c) 1 Hz
c) 1 Hz
A beam of light, traveling in air, strikes a plate of transparent material at an angle of incidence of 56.0°. It is observed that the reflected and refracted beams form an angle of 90.0°. What is the index of refraction of this material? a) 1.44 b) 1.43 c) 1.48 d) 1.40
c) 1.48
The approximate range of human hearing is a) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz. b) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz. c) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. d) none of the above
c) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz.
What is the wavelength used by a radio station that broadcasts at a frequency of 920 kHz? (c= 3.00 x 10^8 m/s) a) 175 m b) 276 m c) 326 m d) 22.6 m e) 226 m
c) 326 m
A tiger is running in a straight line. If we double both the mass and speed of the tiger, the magnitude of its momentum will increase by what factor? a) 2 b) √2 c) 4 d) 8 e) 16
c) 4
If a charge generator builds a negative static charge of -7.00 uC, how many electrons are transferred to it during this process. (e= 1.60 x 10^-19 C) a) 1.12 x 10^-18 b) 7.0 c) 4.38 x 10^13 d) 43.8
c) 4.38 x 10^13
The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is 600 nm. What is its frequency? (c = 3.0 × 10^8 m/s) a) 600 × 10^12 Hz b) 300 × 10^12 Hz c) 500 × 10^12 Hz d) 200 × 10^12 Hz e) 400 × 10^12 Hz
c) 500 × 10^12 Hz
How far does a beam of light travel in 2.0 ms? (c = 3.0 × 10^8 m/s) a) 60 m b) 0.66 x 10^5 m c) 6.0 x 10^5 m d) 70 m e) 90 m
c) 6.0 x 10^5 m
A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance? a) 12.7 ohms b) 154 ohms c) 78.6 ohms d) 109 ohms
c) 78.6 ohms
A child does 350 J of work while pulling a box from the ground up to his tree house at a steady speed with a light rope. The tree house is 4.0 m above the ground. What is the mass of the box? a) 5.3 kg b) 8.0 kg c) 8.9 kg d) 6.7 kg
c) 8.9 kg
A machine that promises more energy output than input is a) commonplace in today's technology. b) a long-shot worth investing in. c) a fantasy.
c) a fantasy.
When spearing a fish with a regular spear, to compensate for refraction, throw your spear a) directly at the sighted fish b) above the sighted fish c) below the sighted fish
c) below the sighted fish
Ohm's law tells us that the amount of current produced in a circuit is a) inversely proportional to the resistance b) directly proportional to voltage c) both of these d) neither of these
c) both of these
For the graph shown in the figure, what physical quantity does the slope of the graph represent for ohmic material? (potential vs. current graph) a) 1/ (resistance) b) 1/(resistivity) c) resistance d) resistivity e) power
c) resistance
In comparison with other fundamental forces, the universal gravitational constant G indicates that gravity is a) strong b) very strong c) very weak
c) very weak
A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per day. If the power company charges 10¢ for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the yearly cost to operate the bulb if it is used every day for a 365-day year. a) $7.30 b) $3.65 c) $73 d) $37
d) $37
Two ice skaters suddenly push off against one another starting from a stationary position. The 45-kg skater acquires a speed of 0.375 m/s relative to the ice. What speed does the 60-kg skater acquire relative to the ice? a) 0.50 m/s b) 0.00 m/s c) 0.38 m/s d) 0.28 m/s e) 0.75 m/s
d) 0.28 m/s
A 0.14-kg baseball is dropped from rest from a heigh of 2.0 m above the ground. What is the magnitude of its momentum just before it hits the ground if we neglect air resistance? a) 1.4 kg m/s b) 0.28 kg m/s c) 0.44 kg m/s d) 0.88 kg m/s e) 0.62 kg m/s
d) 0.88 kg m/s
The power expended doing 100 J of work in 50 s is a) 4 W b) 5,000 W c) 50 W d) 2 W e) 1/2 W
d) 2 W
The speed of sound through the ground is about 6.0 km/s while the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s. A very powerful explosion occurs some distance away and you feel the ground vibrate 60 seconds before you hear the sound of the explosion. How far away is the explosion? a) 25 km b) 30 km c) 20 km d) 22 km e) 27 km
d) 22 km
To estimate the distance in kilometers of a flash of lightning, count the number of seconds between seeing the flash and hearing the accompanying thunder, then divide by a) 5 b) 4 c) 2 d) 3 e) none of the above
d) 3
A train is traveling away from you at 120 km/h. It blows its whistle, and you hear a tone of 0.400 kHz. Take the speed of sound to be 340 m/s. What frequency does the whistle actually produce? a) 364 Hz b) 444 Hz c) 361 Hz d) 439 Hz
d) 439 Hz
Astronaut Jennifer's lifeline to her spaceship comes loose and she finds herself stranded, "floating" 100 m from the mothership. She suddenly throws her 2.00-kg wrench at 20 m/s in a direction away from the ship. If she and her spacesuit have a combined mass of 200 kg, how long does it take her to coast back to her spaceship? a) 1000 s b) 250 s c) 750 s d) 500 s e) 2.50 min
d) 500 s
How far does a beam of light travel in 2.0 ms? (c = 3.0 × 10^8 m/s) a) 60 m b) 0.66 × 10^5 m c) 90 m d) 6.0 × 10^5 m e) 70 m
d) 6.0 × 10^5 m
A lunar eclipse occurs when the a) Earth passes into the Moon's shadow b) Sun passes into Earth's shadow c) Earth passes into the Sun's shadow d) Moon passes into Earth's shadow
d) Moon passes into Earth's shadow
The unit kilowatt-hour is a unit of a) power b) momentum c) time d) energy
d) energy
Reports are that singer Caruso was able to shatter a crystal chandelier with his voice, which illustrates a) sound refraction b) beats c) an echo d) resonance e) interference
d) resonance
A 2.0-kg ball is moving with a constant speed of 5.0 m/s in a horizontal circle whose diameter is 1.0 m. What is the magnitude of the net force on the ball? a) 20 N b) 40 N c) 50 N d) 0 N e) 100 N
e) 100 N
Tan's face is 20 cm in front of a concave shaving mirror. If he observes his image to be twice as big and upright, what is the focal length of the mirror? a) 10 cm b) -40 cm c) -50 cm d) 50 cm e) 40 cm
e) 40 cm
A car traveling at a steady 20 m/s rounds an 80-m radius horizontal unbanked curve with the tires on the verge of slipping. What is the maximum speed with which this car can round a second unbanked curve of radius 320 m if the coefficient of static friction between the car's tires and the road surface is the same in both cases? a) 80 m/s b) 30 m/s c) 160 m/s d) 70 m/s e) 40 m/s
e) 40 m/s
A laser beam strikes a plane mirror's reflecting surface with an angle of incidence of43°. What is the angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray? a) 90° b) 45° c) 0° d) 43° e) 86°
e) 86°
Two small objects, with masses m andM, are originally a distance r apart, and the magnitude of the gravitational force on each one is F. The masses are changed to 2m and 2M, and the distance is changed to 4r. What is the magnitude of the new gravitational force? a) 4F b) F/16 c) 16F d) F/2 e) F/4
e) F/4
Two simple pendulums, A and B, are each 3.0 m long, and the period of pendulum A is T. Pendulum A is twice as heavy as pendulum B. What is the period of pendulum B? a) T√ 2 b) T/√2 c) 2T d) T/2 e) T
e) T
Which one of the following types of electromagnetic wave travels through space the fastest? a) radio waves b) ultraviolet c) microwaves d) infrared e) They all travel through space at the same speed
e) They all travel through space at the same speed
In the figure showing an isolated system, determine the character of the collision. The masses of the blocks, and the velocities before and after, are shown. The collision is 2.1 m/s 0.6 m/s 1.5 m/s 1.5 m/s ------> <-------- ------> ------> 9 kg 3 kg 9 kg 3 kg Before After a) perfectly elastic b) partially inelastic c) completely inelastic d) characterized by an increase in kinetic energy. e) not possible because momentum is not conserved.
e) not possible because momentum is not conserved.
When a current flows through a metal wire, the moving charges are a) only protons b) both protons and electrons. c) negative metal ions. d) positive metal ions. e) only electrons.
e) only electrons.
