Physiology Unit 2 - Chapter 10 Mastering A & P

A layer containing an abundance of blood vessel in the eye. A. Choroid B. Sclera C. Retina D. Optic Nerve

A. Choroid

In the retina, The __________________ is/are a group of photoreceptor cells that function best in low light. A. Rods B. Cones C. Pigment epithelium D. Fovea

A. Rods

The receptor potential _______. A. amplitude can vary with the stimulus intensity, requires the appropriate stimulus and B. can be graded with a stimulus intensity can be graded with stimulus intensity C. amplitude can vary with the stimulus intensity D. requires the appropriate stimulus

A. amplitude can vary with the stimulus intensity, requires the appropriate stimulus and

Which of the following structures contains sensory receptors for hearing? A. cochlea B. eustachian tube (anatomically called the pharyngotympanic tube) C. tympanic membrane D. semicircular canals

A. cochlea

Which of the following can be mediated by nociceptors A. pain and itch B. touch C. proprioception D. temperature

A. pain and itch

The receptor potential is generated at the _______. A. receiving region B. conducting region C. output region D. secretory region

A. receiving region

Which of the following describes one of the symptoms associated with Ménière's disease and what sensory system of the body does it afflict? A. vertigo; balance and equilibrium by means of the ear tinnitus; B. the sensations associated with taste nausea; C. general sensation at the level of the digestive system dizziness; D. visual sensation

A. vertigo; balance and equilibrium by means of the ear tinnitus;

Which nervous system division has parasympathetic and sympathetic branches? A. Visceral division of the afferent nervous system B. Autonomic division of the efferent nervous system C. Somatic division of the efferent nervous system D. Involuntary division of the afferent nervous system

B. Autonomic division of the efferent nervous system

In the retina, the _____________ is/are a group of photoreceptor cells that function best for color vision. A. Rods B. Cones C. Pigment epithelium D. Fovea

B. Cones

Which of the following would occur if you were to surgically remove the pigmented epithelium of the retina? A. A person would no longer be able to process colors. B. Entering light would be scattered across the retina and it would be difficult to obtain a sharp image. C. Entering light would be scattered across the retina and a very sharp image would be obtained. D. A person would no longer be able to see in the dark.

B. Entering light would be scattered across the retina and it would be difficult to obtain a sharp image.

A layer that contains collagen fibers, forming a thick fibrous protective layer around the eye. A. Choroid B. Sclera C. Retina D. Optic Nerve

B. Sclera

Which of the following describes a depolarization? A. The membrane potential becomes more negative. B. The membrane becomes less polarized. C. The membrane potential becomes more polarized. D. The membrane, which was formerly not polarized, now is polarized.

B. The membrane becomes less polarized.

What type of neural circuit is represented by the sensory neurons of the retina? A. reverberating B. converging c. parallel after discharge D. diverging

B. converging

Which of the following structures focuses light for clear vision? A. retina B. lens C. iris D. pupil

B. lens

Which of the following types of receptors are involved in hearing? A. thermoreceptors B. mechanoreceptors C. photoreceptors D. chemoreceptors

B. mechanoreceptors

Which of the following structures is/are found in the retina? A. blood vessels B. pigment C. epithelium D. amacrine cells E. photoreceptors F. ganglion cells G. unipolar cells H. bipolar cells I. horizontal cells J. elastic fibers

B. pigment C. epithelium D. amacrine cells E. photoreceptors F. ganglion cells H. bipolar cells I. horizontal cells

Which special sense would be most affected by a vitamin A deficiency? A. gustation B. vision C. audition D. equilibrium

B. vision

In the retina, the ____________________________ is a layer that functions to absorb excess light. A. Rods B. Cones C. Pigment epithelium D. Fovea

C. Pigment epithelium

A pigmented layer and layers of neuronal cells that together serve for phototransduction. A. Choroid B. Sclera C. Retina D. Optic Nerve

C. Retina

Vision is especially acute in the fovea and surrounding macula. This is due to a high density of cone cells and which other reason? A. This is the only area of the retina with rods. B. There is an optimal mix of rods and cones. C. There are no blood vessels or neurons covering the cones. D. The optic nerve exits the retina at the fovea providing an area especially sensitive to light.

C. There are no blood vessels or neurons covering the cones.

The CNS must distinguish four properties of a stimulus. These properties include location, intensity, modality, and which other property? A. distance B. type C. duration D. timing

C. duration

Which receptors are the hair cells of the ear? A. chemoreceptors B. audioreceptors C. mechanoreceptors D. thermoreceptors

C. mechanoreceptors

In the retina, The ___________________ is an area that contains only cones and serves as the eye's point of sharpest vision. A. Rods B. Cones C. Pigment epithelium D. Fovea

D. Fovea

What is the significance of the neuronal circuit setup of the retina? A. It allows for a single photoreceptor to stimulate hundreds of ganglion cells. B. It takes a small light signal and amplifies it before it reaches the brain. C. It allows for a pathway of feedback between the optic nerve and the photoreceptors. D. It allows for a single multipolar neuron to process the signal from hundreds of different photoreceptors.

D. It allows for a single multipolar neuron to process the signal from hundreds of different photoreceptors.

A convergence of axons from the retina that leave the eye through the optic disc. A. Choroid B. Sclera C. Retina D. Optic Nerve

D. Optic Nerve

Where do all tertiary somatic sensory neurons terminate? A. Cerebellum B. Hypothalamus C. Thalamus D. Somatosensory cortex

D. Somatosensory cortex

Why would a drug that enhances the kidney's ability to excrete water be given to someone that suffers from Ménière's disease? A. This treatment will increase the endolymph's salt content. B. This treatment will decrease blood pressure. C. It will increase the concentration of crystals in the otolith. D. This treatment will decrease the amount of endolymph made.

D. This treatment will decrease the amount of endolymph made.

Which mechanism causes hair cell depolarization as stereocilia bend in response to sound waves? A. Rhodopsin absorbs energy to cause an increase in cGMP that opens cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. B. Receptor cells release ATP. Neighboring cells take up the ATP to generate action potentials. C. Otoliths shift to open ion channels and depolarize hair cells. D. Tip links open ion channels, which causes membrane depolarization.

D. Tip links open ion channels, which causes membrane depolarization.

A receptor potential is a type of ________ potential. A. threshold B. action C. resting D. graded

D. graded

A neuron that has responded to a stimulus causes decreased activity in neighboring neurons in which process? A. desensitization stimulus B. down-regulation C. habituation D. lateral inhibition

D. lateral inhibition

What is the subjective perception that occurs when nociceptors are stimulated? A. happiness B. temperature C. body position D. pain

D. pain

Which structure(s) contain(s) receptors that detect rotation of the head? A. maculae B. utricle C. saccule D. semicircular canals

D. semicircular canals

Sensory transduction is defined as _______. A. the disappearance of the perception of a stimulus B. the conversion of a light stimulus into pain C. a change in the amplitude of a receptor potential D. the conversion of a stimulus to a change in membrane potential

D. the conversion of a stimulus to a change in membrane potential