Plant Science Exam #4

The diseases triangle concept requires ___________ all to be present in order for a disease to develop.

A virulent pathogen, a susceptible host and a supportive environment

Plants absorb mineral nutrients against a high concentrate gradient by:

Active Transport

Which of the following does NOT result in soil degradation:

Addition of organic matter

The ability of water to resist a change in pH is known as:

Alkalinity

Ions moving into the plant by ___________ movement before they have to enter the plasma membrane and by ___________ movement through the membrane.

Apoplectic; Symplastic

Fertigation is the practice of:

Applying fertilizer in the irrigation water

The basic strategies for managing insects, diseases, and weeds:

Are very similar to each other

Visual nutrient deficiency symptoms:

Can be misleading due to similarity with other plant disorders

Quarantine and eradication programs may be useful in:

Controlling invasive weed species

Transpiration serves what 2 critical functions in the plant?

Cooling, mineral uptake

Herbicide, pesticide, fungicide mode of action:

Describes the way the material controls its target organism's biochemical process

The osmotic potential of soil water is caused by:

Dissolved salts in the soil water

Which of the following methods of irrigation in considered to be the most efficient with respect to the use of water:

Drip Irrigation

The Haber-Bosch process for manufacturing ammonia fertilizer:

Has to occur at high temperature and high pressure

What characteristics allows water to absorb a large amount of heat without a large increase in temperature?

High Specific Heat

Available water to plants from the soil:

Is between field capacity and permeant wilting point

Carrier proteins involved in active transport of ions are generally:

Membrane intrinsic

Give the correct order for progressively reduction the size of soil lumps:

Moldboard plow, disk harrow, harrow

Which of the following is NOT a method of improving soil conservation:

Pasteurization

When using biological controls for insects:

Pesticides can be used with caution regarding the biological being used

N, P, and K are considered yo be:

Plant macronutrients

The application of herbicide after planting but before weed emergence is known as:

Pre-Emergence

In the nitrogen cycle, atmospheric N is fixed by what two methods?

Rhizobium and lighting

Automated irrigation systems often utilize tensiometers, which measure:

Soil Moisture

Which of the following is not a role of phosphorus in the plant?

Structure of fatty acid

The _____________ are visual indications of plant reactions to a pathogen, while ___________ are visual indications that a pathogen is present.

Symptoms, signs

Which of the following is NOT important information to use when determining the correct mount of fertilizer to apply to a given field:

The amount used by a neighboring producer in a different field.

Which of the following is NOT a good reason for encouraging the integration of wetlands into cropping systems:

The government says we should do it

What complicates soils conservation practices?

The need for more food and fiber to feed the world

Integrated Plant Health Management to minimize the impacts of weeds, diseases, and pest involves:

The use of multiple methods of control

Mycorrhizal fungi are useful because:

They absorb P from the soil and deliver to the plant in exchange for carbohydrates

The mechanical manipulation of soil to provided favorable plant growth is called:

Tillage

The physical condition of the soil with respect to its capability to provide a good environment for optimizing crop production is known as:

Tilth

Mineralization and nitrification result in:

Transformation of organic nitrogen into inorganic nitrogen

Capillary rise explains how:

Water can move upward though soil