Plato's republic book 1 and 2

Cephalus-Justice(and socrates argument)

Hesiodic conception: that justice means living up to your legal obligations and being honest.(argument-giving a weapon back to a mad man).

Timocracy

Military society values honor/glory

Polemarchus-Justice(And socrates argument)

justice means that you owe friends help, and you owe enemies harm(argument-we are not always friends with people who deserve harm or justice)

Tyranny

Ruled by unjust individual, convinces everyone he is the best

Wisdom(society and individual)

Society- knowledge of how to rule the city individual- knowledge of how to rule oneself

democracy

all people rule values freedom>order

Galucon and Adiemantus(appearance vs reality)

both argue that only the appearance of being just is desirable and not the direct out come alone. Socrates argues that justice in itself is good.

Socrates definition of a city

gathering of many associates and helpers in one place to supply the various needs, and over come lack of self sufficiency

Ring of Gyges

makes the wearer invisible, used to demonstrate glaucon's point that justice is done purely to avoid the consequences of being unjust.

Thrasymachus-Justice(And socrates arugment)

nothing more than the advantage of the stronger. HE wishes to get rid of justice. ( his view promotes injustice as a virtue, one needs to be at least moderately just in the sense of adhering to this set of rules, justice is desirable because it means health of the soul.)

Monarchy/Aristocracy

rule by the very best citizens(common good)

Oligarchy

ruled by wealthiest citizens

Justice(society and individual)

society- citizens doing only his job indv- elements of the soul being of proper proportion

Temperance(society and individual)

society- masses willingness to be ruled indv- proper control of appetites and emotions

Courage(society and individual)

society-well trained military indv- proper fear/confidence attained by discipline

Gaudians

the wisest and most skillful are chosen to defend the city and the brightest of gaudians is selected as the ruler. the rest are auxiliaries