Political and Cultural Geography Final

6. The new Meiji Restoration pushed Japan into modernization and imperialism. The Japanese Empire grew and by 1942 it included all of the following except ________. a. Korea b. Taiwan c. Russia d. Manchuria

C

6. Evidence suggests the earliest European explorers in this region were a. Spanish b. Dutch c. Portuguese d. English

C

3. The aboriginal population in this region originated from a. Africa and Asian Hominids b. Polynesians and Hawaiians c. British and Portuguese d. Kiwi and Maori

A

4. In what country are deforestation and air pollution most severe? a. Indonesia b. Myanmar c. Vietnam d. Malaysia

A

1. Australia is part of a giant land mass called Gondwanaland which started to break up over 180 million years ago. The surrounding countries in this South Pacific region were formed by a. Pacific Ring of Fire b. Splinter islands of Gondwanaland c. Collision of Australian and Indian plates d. Ocean bottom volcanic ridge

A

1. In East Asia, there are four distinct physical geography zones which include a. Large plateau, basins and hills, peninsula and islands, riverine system b. Himalayas, Sea of Japan, East Sea, Gobi Desert c. Pacific Ring of Fire, volcanoes, tectonic plate, tsunami d. China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan

A

13. The original inhabitant of New Zealand are called a. Maori b. Kiwis c. New Zealanders d. South Pacificers

A

14. Which of the following is correct about Australia's Aboriginal people? a. They first came to Australia from Southeast Asia between 60,000 and 50,000 years ago. b. The total population before contact with Europeans is estimated between 2 million and 3 million. c. Aboriginal communities survived mostly in the coastal areas. d. They still do not have recognition of their land rights, culture, and citizenship.

A

15. Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Australia and New Zealand? a. type of indigenous population b. political system c. flag d. European colonizer

A

3. Coastal flooding caused by sea level rise due to climate change is already a major issue in these following countries. a. Vietnam, Thailand b. Singapore, Cambodia c. Laos, China d. Brunei, Laos

A

12. Religions that dominate in East Asian countries differ in each country. What is the correct correlation? a. Japan: Confucianism and Buddhism b. South Korea: Christianity and Confucianism c. China: Confucianism and Communism d. North Korea: Islam and Atheism

B

14. Bali has a rich cultural expression that retains centuries old Hindu traditions of arts, crafts, music, and dance. The religion of the island is a blend of a. Hindu and Catholic b. Hindu, Buddhism, and Animism c. Hindu and Dutch Protestant d. Hindu and Muslim

B

15. Rural to urban migration is common but keeping a foothold in one's rural residence is known as a. Remittance system b. Circular migration c. Counter-urbanization d. Household swapping

B

16. Urban primacy can best be defined as a. The largest city in a country b. One city dominates the political arena and economic activity within a country c. When a country has only one city d. city that has the highest percentage of the foreign-born

B

18. The Central Desert Art Movement began in the early 1970s by Aboriginal artists in _____ to make commercial art for a wider audience. a. New Zealand b. Australia c. Papua New Guinea d. Marshall Islands

B

18. Which of the following is a correct match between a country and a country it gained independence from? a. Singapore-Indonesia b. Brunei-Malaysia c. East Timor-The Philippines d. Myanmar-Burma

B

2. This region experiences a wet monsoon season where massive storms called _________ can cause significant damage by flooding and high winds. a. Hurricanes b. Typhoons c. Tropical storms d. Monsoons

B

7. Colonial powers in SE Asia developed export crops prior to 1960 that include all of the following except a. Coffee b. Palm oil c. Rubber d. Sugar

B

9. Political independence from western powers occurred for much of this region but some islands did not establish independence, but instead became a state territory. Which country eventually took over the Marshall Islands, Palau, Micronesia, Samoa, and Guam? a. Australia b. United States c. Germany d. Great Britain

B

9. The agricultural product most commonly grown in East Asia is a. Corn b. Rice c. Soybeans d. Coffee

B

1. Southeast Asia sits on three tectonic plates which have caused many massive volcanic eruptions. All but one of the following volcanoes are located in this region a. Mt. Pinatubo b. Mt. Toba c. Mt. Vesuvius d. Mt. Sinabing

C

10. Japan and South Korea maintain a large percentage of ethnic homogeneity due toa. Ethnic Cleansing b. Guest Worker Policies c. Immigration policies and enforcement d. High unemployment

C

10. This region is well known for religion seeping into many aspects of public life through religious sites, festivals, architecture. What are the major religions of SE Asia? a. Hindu, Buddhism, Christianity b. Buddhism, Islam, Animism c. Islam, Buddhism, Christianity d. Islam, Judaism, Hindu

C

12. Which of the following is Australia's most valuable export? a. oil b. diamond c. iron ore d. uranium

C

13. The Hukou system in China was not simply to count people but to a. Enforce the One-Child Policy b. Build state run housing c. Monitor rural to urban migration d. Break up family farmlands

C

13. Which of the following is NOT correct about the island of Bali? a. It remains primarily Hindu in a large Muslim country. b. Terraced rice fields are organized in collectives known as Subaks. c. Hotels are not permitted to be built on rice paddies. d. Subak landscapes have been designated as a World Heritage site.

C

16. South Korea, Japan, and China experienced rapid urbanization. Which city has the largest metropolitan population in the world? a. Seoul b. Beijing c. Tokyo d. Shanghai

C

18. When were the two separate Koreas established in the Korean peninsula? a. 1919 b. 1945 c. 1948 d. 1950

C

19. Each country has a demarcated Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) which means they claim sole rights to the resources in the sea. Several island disputes remain in question despite the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Which of the following is correct? a. Senkaku and Diaoyu Islands: (Between China and Taiwan) b. Socotra Rock (Between North Korea and China) c. Dokdo/Takeshima (Between Japan and South Korea) d. Paracel Islands (Between Japan and Vietnam)

C

19. Which Australian city is an urban primate in its state? a. Wollongong b. Newcastle c. Brisbane d. Geelong

C

19. Which of the following is NOT an official language of Singapore? a. English b. Chinese c. Japanese d. Hindu (Tamil)

C

2. The term for a string of coral islands in a circular shape is a. reef. b. archipelago. c. atoll. d. volcanic hotspot.

C

20. Which sea(s) holds the most oil and natural gas reserves in this region? a. Sea of Japan b. East Sea c. South China Sea d. Sulu and Celebes Seas

C

3. This region is very seismically active. All of the following examples are well known disasters in East Asia except a. Sendai earthquake (2011) b. Chengdu earthquake (2008) c. Kashmir earthquake (2005) d. Southern Taiwan earthquake (2016)

C

4. China became China, as we know it today, under the _______ Dynasty (1644-1912 CE) when the approximate boundaries of contemporary China were created. a. Mongol b. Qin c. Qing d. Han

C

5. Hurricanes in this region are known as __________. a. Monsoons b. Typhoons c. Cyclones d. Westerlies

C

5. One of the largest empires in precolonial times was named Angkor, capital of the Khmer Empire for six hundred years. The religious influences evident in the architecture of this city, were: a. Buddhism & Islam b. Islam & Hindu c. Hindu & Buddhism d. Buddhism & Animism

C

5. The Opium Wars were a conflict between China and Britain. The chief cause of these wars (1839-42 & 1856-60) were over the control of trade of this substance. All but the following were consequences of these conflicts a. Loss of Hong Kong b. Loss of 20 million in Taiping Revolution c. Tiananmen Square protests d. Russian annexation of outer Manchuria

C

7. East Asia's economies has grown rapidly in the last 60 years. The three countries that grew the fastest and the earliest were a. Japan, China, Vietnam b. Japan, South Korea, Malaysia c. Japan, South Korea, Taiwan d. China, Hong Kong, Singapore

C

7. In Fiji, labor was imported from _______ starting in 1897. a. Malaysia b. Indonesia c. India d. Thailand

C

8. One of the detriments of unchecked industrial development is pollution. Some of the most polluted cities in the world are in Asia. The following city has higher parts/million than Los Angeles and London combined a. Seoul b. Tokyo c. Beijing d. None of the above.

C

8. The British settled Australia with little regard toward the indigenous people, who are called a. Kiwi b. Fijian c. Aborigine d. Tasmanian

C

9. Economic growth in this region has resulted in an increase in the service sector. Which of the following countries has the largest service sector as a percentage of GDP? a. Cambodia b. Thailand c. Singapore d. Myanmar

C

11. Mining makes up a resource-based economy of which country? a. New Zealand b. Melanesia c. Polynesia d. Australia

D

11. Population growth is East Asia can be best placed in the Demographic Transition scale as a. Stage 1 b. Stage 2 c. Stage 3 d. Stage 5

D

11. Religion is often linked to ethnicity and nationality. What are some ethnicities that are experiencing discrimination in this region? a. Chinese in Singapore b. Buddhists in Thailand c. Muslims in Indonesia d. Rohingya in Myanmar

D

12. The demographics are changing for most countries in this region with population decline from levels sixty years ago due to improved healthcare, family planning, and economic growth. Which countries are still experiencing high birth rates? a. Cambodia b. Philippines c. Laos d. All of the above.

D

14. Before 2014, if people who live in rural areas chose to move to large Chinese cities to find jobs without first gaining an internal passport, they could expect a. Limited access to education opportunities and health clinics b. Access to only temporary housing c. Lower wages for their labor d. All of the above

D

15. Which of the following SE Asian cities is NOT one of the 20 largest urban areas in the world? a. Jakarta b. Manila c. Bangkok d. Yangon

D

16. Australia is one of the driest continents on earth thus is subject to drought made worse by climate change. This country has built ________to secure water supply for crops, cities, and industry. a. Desalinization plants b. Dams c. Water management plans d. All of the above

D

17. SE Asia has experienced rapid economic growth over the last sixty years. Which of the following is typical of many cities in this region a. Air pollution b. Shantytowns c. Poor water quality d. All of the above

D

17. Which of the following countries does NOT border China? a. Russia b. Mongolia c. North Korea d. South Korea

D

17. Which of the following does NOT belong to Melanesia? a. Vanuatu b. Solomon Islands c. Fiji d. Hawaii

D

2. The places in China where farming has been practiced for over 30,000 years are its riverine system. Each river has some unique qualities such as a. Yangtze (Chang Jiang) is longest and an important east-west transport system b. Yellow (Huang He) has a heavy sediment load, thus its name. c. Pearl (Zhu Jiang) meets up with other rivers to form a delta. d. All of the above

D

20. What are the two dominant cities in Vietnam? a. Hanoi and Bangkok b. Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City c. Doi Moi and Hanoi d. Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City

D

20. Which of the following is a cause of high obesity in the South Pacific islands? a. imported food high in sugar and salt b. traditional cultural emphasis on girth as a symbol of wealth and prestige c. more sedentary lifestyles d. all of the above

D

4. There are several theories that describe the settlement of Polynesia from Micronesia. The one that suggests that there was a very long stay in Melanesia before settling is a. Express Train Model b. Entangled Bank Model c. Myxomatosis Model d. Slow boat model

D

6. Which of the four major European colonial powers controlled most of the region by the beginning of the twentieth century, and what were the SE Asian countries they claimed? a. Thailand: British b. Myanmar: French c. Singapore: Portuguese d. Indonesia: Dutch

D

8. Prior to the year 2000, The Green Revolution in SE Asia involved a. Increasing rice exports from the region b. Reliance on fertilizers and pesticides c. Developing new strains of rice d. All of the above

D

10. Which of the following countries did NOT conduct nuclear testing in the region? a. France b. United Kingdom c. Germany d. United States

c