Political theory test 2

Marx wrote in the

19th century

Freedmen wrote in the

20th century

Rawls wrote in the

20th century

The best way of thinking of the original position is as a:

A hypothetical situation that helps us conceive of justice

Which of the following words is most associated with Nozick's conception of justice?

Acquisition

Adam smith wrote in the

Scottish enlightenment era

Cohn is a.....

Socialist

Karl Marx is a....

Socialist

As capitalism develops, it _________ opportunities for small industrialists to grow and prosper

decreases

The law of ___________ is associated with increased productivity.

division of labor

According to Marx and Engels, abolition of private property tends to:

eliminate its class character

An accurate reading of Smith would conclude that he favors small single-owner shops to large companies.

false

According to Marx, capitalism leads to ____________ division of labor

more

Under capitalism, according to Marx, wages of workers _______________.

trend towards subsistence levels

Adam Smith is a.....

Capitalist (libertarian)

Which of the following best describes something emphasized more in The Communist Manifesto as compared to the other works of Marx we took up in earlier class sessions?

Global reach of capitalism

Nozick's conception of justice is closest to which of the following persons?

Hayke

Adam Smith is most associated with which of the following:

Capitalism

John locke is a....

Capitalist

At what stage do Marx and Engels seem to argue would be the best point for the proletariat to rise up in revolution?

After the emergence of the bourgeoisie and capitalism

In the original position, what motivates people to adopt rules that are just?

Desire to avoid being destitute

Nozick seems to ______ capitalism.

Disfavor

In the original position of Rawls, humans ________ take into consideration the interests of others in society.

Do not

In the original position, each person:

Does not know his position in society or the position of anyone else

The "veil of ignorance" of Rawls, occurs _________ the original position.

During (within)

The subject area that most interests Karl Marx is:

Economic relations

An indispensable component of Rawls' concept of justice is:

Fairness

A fair reading of Marx and Engels would conclude that they admire petty bourgeoisie socialism.

False

According to Marx and Engels, class struggle is a new concept unique to developed capitalism.

False

According to Marx and Engels, the bourgeoisie historically have been reactionary and not themselves revolutionary in any sense

False

According to Marx, the greater the division of labor in an industry, the more skilled the workers become.

False

An accurate reading of Smith would conclude that he favors a high level of government regulation of the economy.

False

As envisioned by Marx and Engels, immediately after a successful revolt by the proletariat, society would be transformed into a classless form of communism that did not require the state (government).

False

Basic rights that are part of the "first principle" can, according to Rawls, be compromised whenever necessary to obtain greater social and economic advantage for society.

False

Marx and Engels were skeptical of the Communists of their day because they were intellectuals and Marx and Engels felt strongly that the workers alone, without help from others, needed to take up their cause against the capitalists.

False

Marx believes that capitalism is a very inefficient system of economic production.

False

Nozick believed in minimal regulation of acquisition of wealth but high-level regulation of transfer of wealth.

False

Nozick believed that Wilt Chamberlain was paid too much for his services as a basketball player.

False

Nozick's conception of justice argues for a minimally intrusive state.

False

Rawls believes that society is best governed where natural talent of all kinds is rewarded to the maximum possible.

False

Smith believed in an "inherent value" of a commodity independent of the amount of labor required to produce the commodity

False

Smith believed that education was only of value to workers in high-skilled occupations.

False

Smith believes that owners of industry are so rich and powerful that they can force ordinary workers to work at any wage they want, even if the wage is less than necessary for the worker to survive.

False

\According to Nozick's idea of distributive justice, the "from" in distribution can be conceived separately from the "to."

False

Which of the following words is most associated with Nozick's conception of justice?

Holdings

According to Marx and Engels, crowding workers close together in factories tends to ____________ the power of the working class to revolt against the capitalist class.

Increase

Which of following seems to apply to Marx and Engels?

Internationalists

Milton Freedmen is a...

Libertarian

Which of the following viewpoints is closest to Nozick's conception of justice?

Libertarian

Which of the following represents something emphasized more by Smith than Locke

Money

The capitalist system, according to Marx leads to ____________ competition between workers.

More

According to Smith, a market where supply of a good or service is greater than demand

Normally will only persist for a short time as the supply will increase and/or the price will rise until supply equals demand

The "difference principle" has to do with:

Redress of inequalities

What is an important value of division of labor?

Reduces start-up time for conducting various stages of labor necessary for completion of a final product.

Nosick is a....

absolute Libertarian (Capitalist)

Nozick's conception of distributive justice is closest to the following: To each according to ______.

The extent that he/she is chosen

Nozick believes that a distribution is just if it arises from another just distribution by legitimate means.

True

The society envisioned by Rawls is likely to have more equality of incomes than a utilitarian society.

True

According to Marx, when the worker becomes alienated from his labor, his labor becomes _____________.

a commodity

Marx believed that the interests of the working and capital classes were:

antagonistic

According to Marx, profits and wages ____________.

are in inverse proportion to the other