POLS 229 Chapter 8
Which of the following are key players in the modern campaign?
- pollsters - media consultants - fundraising specialists - campaign consultants - All of these answers are correct.
Television first appeared as a tool for campaign ads during the
1950s
Ticket splitting was most recently prominent during which decade?
1970s
Abraham Lincoln was first elected in 1860 with ________ of the popular vote
40 percent
It is relatively rare for a party nominee to get less than ________ of the partisan vote in a presidential or a congressional race.
80 percent
What party has made big gains in recent decades among white fundamentalist Christians, based on its positions on topics like abortion and school prayer?
Republican
On average, how much money must a U.S. senator raise every week of his or her six-year term in order to acquire enough to launch a competitive bid for reelection?
$20,000
During the 20th century, American parties lost their exclusive control over
- nominations. - campaign financing. - candidate platforms. - the staffing of government jobs. - All of these answers are correct.
Political parties serve to
- offer citizens a choice in the direction of their government. - allow a coalition of common interests join together for a political purpose. - offer the public a choice between policies and leaders. - bring numerous candidates for office under a common label. - All of these answers are correct.
The election of ________ was a realigning election.
1932
Which of the following groups is most closely aligned with the Democratic Party, voting more than 80 percent Democratic in presidential elections?
African Americans
________ lost the 1964 presidential election in large part because his views were seen as too extreme.
Barry Goldwater
A candidate for which minor party in 1912 managed to earn more votes than one of his major party opponents?
Bull Moose
The Democratic Party's long-time regional stronghold, "the Solid South," stemmed from a realignment during which historical period?
Civil War era
_______ was the only Republican elected president from 1932 to 1964.
Dwight Eisenhower
_______ warned Americans of the "baneful effects" of factions (political parties) in his 1797 farewell address.
George Washington
Which of the following is an example of a single-issue party?
Greenback Party
Political parties in the United States originated partly as a political feud between
Hamilton and Jefferson
Which demographic is in particular key to the future of both parties?
Hispanic voters
Which voting demographic, despite being conservative on issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage, sides heavily with the Democratic Party?
Hispanics
________, a Populist, won six western states in the presidential election of 1892.
James B. Weaver
_______ is associated with the Era of Good Feeling.
James Monroe
All of the following use top-two primaries EXCEPT
New York
Which of the following is true of political campaigns and party politics in the United States?
Party organizations are less powerful than they used to be in part because of the rise of television advertising.
What was especially unusual about the "Era of Good Feeling"?
President Monroe ran unopposed in 1820.
The issue of slavery gave birth to the ________ Party as a major political party.
Republican
In 1992, ________ won 19 percent of the popular vote in the presidential election.
Ross Perot
The most recent party realignment had a realigning election in ________.
The most recent party realignment had no single realigning election.
What condition must be met if a PAC spends money to support a particular candidacy?
The spending effort cannot be coordinated with the candidate.
What does it mean when the text suggests that parties are "linkage institutions"?
They connect citizens with government.
All of the following are characteristic of a party realignment EXCEPT
a very close electoral result.
Local party organizations
are still important, but their role in congressional, statewide, or presidential campaigns is secondary to that of candidates.
James Carville and Roger Ailes are both examples of
campaign strategists who have earned legendary reputations.
Prospective voting is characterized by
choices based on what candidates promise to do if elected.
Which of the following was NOT part of the Republican Party platform in the 2018 midterm elections?
cuts in military spending
In 20th-century American history, the most important minor parties were ________ parties.
factional
Andrew Jackson's contribution to the development of political parties was the
formation of a new type of grassroots party organization.
Which of the following groups is NOT typically a part of the Democratic coalition?
fundamentalist christians
National party organizations can dictate the day-to-day decisions of
neither local nor state party organizations.
Negative television campaign ads
now constitute the largest share of political ads.
If a minor party gains a large following, it is almost certain that
one or both major parties will absorb its issues, and the minor party will lose support
The main reason for the high cost of American political campaigns is the cost of
paying for television ads.
The winner-take-all system is also known as the ________ system.
plurality
The history of democratic government is virtually synonymous with the history of
political parties
Which of the following was NOT part of the Democratic Party platform in the 2018 midterm elections?
privatizing social security
________ representation systems are those in which seats in the legislature are allocated according to each political party's share of the popular vote.
proportional
At the state level the central committees
provide only general guidance for the state organizations.
A(n) ________ party is a minor party that bases its appeal on the claim that partisan politics is having a corrupting influence on government and policy.
reform
________ is based on judgment about the past performance of an elected official or political party.
retrospective voting
The first American political parties emerged from the conflict between
small farmers and states' rights advocates, and those favoring commercial and wealthy interests.
Regarding state party organizations, the day-to-day operation is usually the responsibility of the
state chairperson
Which of the following is an indication of strong party loyalty?
straight-ticket voting
The principal medium for election politics is
television
The most obvious sign of the party realignment of recent decades has been the strong tendency of
the South to vote Republican.
_______ does NOT have a competitive multiparty system.
the United States
Which of the following represents the greatest blow to the organizational strength of U.S. parties?
the direct primary
Negative campaigning in presidential elections was first used in
the early years of the country.
The major reason for the persistence of the American two-party system is
the existence of single-member election districts.
Some analysts predict that soon the most important medium of election politics will be
the internet
About 95 percent of all political activists in the United States work at
the local level
Democrats and Republicans have endured as the two major U.S. parties primarily due to
their ability to adapt to changing circumstances.
Proportional representation systems encourage the formation of smaller parties by enabling parties to
win legislative seats even though they do not receive a majority of votes in elections.
What demographic is most likely to support the new party during a major party realignment?
younger voters