POLS 2311 CH 5-6 PRE TEST

Today, the term liberal refers to someone who generally supports the social and economic status quo and is suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulas and economic arrangements.

False

Which agency regulates broadcast media?

Federal Communications Commission

The practice of push polling involves

the procedure of asking loaded questions in order to subtly shape the respondent's opinion.

Which of the following statements about the marketplace of ideas is true?

The British created the marketplace of ideas in the seventeenth century.

Reporting in which the media adopt a skeptical or even hostile posture toward the government and public officials is referred to as

adversarial journalism.

If public concern and interest in data security issues increased after a number of television and newspaper stories about "hacking," it would be an example of the media's

agenda-setting power.

The term "public opinion" is used to describe

attitudes about political issues, leaders, institutions, and events.

If a person supports a candidate because he or she is the front-runner in a poll, it is an example of the

bandwagon effect.

News produced by individuals and organizations who are not employed as professional journalists is called

citizen journalism.

Bernie Sanders is best described as a

democratic socialist.

Individuals with home high-speed internet access and the technology and literacy skills to use it are called

digital citizens.

Libertarianism is a political ideology that

emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government.

A shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential is _____________________.

equality of opportunity

A widely circulated story during the 2016 presidential election stating that the Pope had endorsed Donald Trump for president was a good example of

fake news.

Which of the following sets of terms best describes America's fundamental political values?

liberty, equality of opportunity, and democracy

The fact that Americans strongly support minimal governmental interference with individuals' lives and property illustrates their commitment to

liberty.

Low-level officials who hope to publicize what they view as their bosses' or the government's improper activities are usually called

"whistle-blowers."

Large media conglomerates, such as the Hearst, McClatchy, and Gannett corporations, own approximately ________ percent of daily newspapers.

75

________ is the power the media have to shape what issues Americans think about and ________ is the power the media have to influence how Americans think about those issues.

Agenda-setting; framing

News reported and distributed by citizens, rather than by professional journalists and for-profit news organization is called citizen journalism.

TRUE

The process of preparing the public to take a particular view of an event or political actor is called priming.

TRUE

Which statement best describes the relationship between public opinion and government policy?

The relationship between government policy and public opinion is dynamic, wherein government policy responds to public opinion but public opinion also shifts based on new government policies.

Socialism refers to a political ideology that cmphasizes social ownership, strong government, and reducing economic inequality.

True

Which of the following is an example of the "gender gap"?

Women were granted the right to vote in the United States long after most men did.

A political ideology is best defined as

a cohesive set of beliefs that form a general philosophy about the government.

What is niche journalism?

news reporting targeted for a demographic of readers based on content or ideological presentation

Which of the following requires an FCC license in order to legally broadcast in the United States?

over-the-air television stations

The process by which political values are formed is known as

political socialization.

"Public broadcasting" refers to any television, radio, and digital media that

receive funding from the public through license fees, subsidies, or tax dollars.

The small group selected by pollsters to represent the entire population is called a

sample

The tendency to focus news coverage on only one aspect of an event or issue, avoiding coverage of other aspects is called

selection bias.

Which of the following news sources reaches the MOST Americans?

television

The fact that only 63 percent of high school graduates have broadband internet access at home while almost 90 percent of college graduates do is an example of

the "digital divide."

In the United States, freedom of the press is protected by

the First Amendment of the Constitution.

Which of the following is NOT a reason why many Americans appear to prefer online news?

the accuracy and objectivity compared to traditional media outlets

The concept of a marketplace of ideas refers to

the competition between varying opinions and ideas that are aired in public forums.

The requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for the same political office equal opportunities to communicate their messages to the public is called the

the equal time fule.

What is the social desirability effect?

the fact that respondents report what they think the interviewer wishes to hear or whatever they think is socially acceptable, rather than what they actually believe

Which of the following is not an agent of socialization?

the family

Pollsters use random digit dialing to gather national samples for surveys because

there is not a complete list of all Americans that can be used to identify the population.