POP Health-Quiz 3 NCLEX review
Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed for a patient involved in family planning? A. "I can't get human papilloma virus (HPV) from my boyfriend because we're not having intercourse." B. "I need to use condoms to prevent transmission of sexually transmitted diseases." C. "Even though I have no signs or symptoms, I still may have Chlamydia." D. "I can give my unborn baby warts during childbirth."
A
Children living below the poverty threshold account for what percentage of the U.S. population? A. 8% B. 21% C. 35% D. 44%
B
Epidemiologic data can be useful in the planning phase of the community assessment process because they A. help discover the patterns of health and illness distribution in a population. B. help construct benchmarks to gauge achievement of program objectives. C. identify the aggregate at risk. D. explain the nature of the health problem.
B
Investigating all contacts of a person infected with a sexually transmitted disease is an example of what? A. Primary prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Initial prevention
B
Mr. B has been diagnosed with a severe mental illness. He tells the nurse that his family says his disorder is his own fault and is because of his laziness. Which reply by the nurse is accurate? A. "Lazy people are more prone to mental illness." B. "Mental illness is a disease with biopsychosocial causes that are not the patient's fault." C. "Most people are unsupportive of family members with mental illness." D. "It would really help your situation if you got over the stigma associated with mental illness."
B
Mr. S was recently hospitalized for a stroke. While in the hospital, he was also diagnosed with diabetes. As his nurse, you know he is at risk for A. panic disorder. B. depression. C. schizophrenia. D. bipolar disorder.
B
Ms. W, 18 years old, presents at a community clinic describing vague symptoms. She explains that she recently dropped out of high school and is having trouble keeping a job. She notes that she has difficulty concentrating and has used drugs (i.e., marijuana and alcohol) when riding motorcycles with friends. When conducting the initial assessment, the RN should include questions and tools that would screen for A. depression. B. attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD). C. posttraumatic stress disorder. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B
The nurse working in the community is aware that there are different models for studying the epidemiology of a health condition in a population. One model of investigation of the interrelationships and characteristics of disease is the epidemiological triangle. This model analyzes what three elements? A. Incidence, prevalence, and etiology B. Agent, host, and environment C. Person, place, and time D. Virus, bacteria, and fungus
B
Two unrelated heterosexual adults that share a housing unit with their three children is an example of A. nuclear family. B. cohabitation. C. internal structure. D. external structure.
B
Which method of gathering data is most effective for remote and vulnerable segments of a community and for those communities with underdeveloped opinions? A. Interviewing community informants B. Community forum C. Focus groups D. Telephone surveys
C
Which statement regarding military sexual trauma (MST) is true? A. MST is more common among male veterans. B. MST is always perpetrated by a stranger. C. MST is associated with diabetes. D. MST is associated with mild PTSD.
C
Which statement regarding sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is correct? A. The rate of STDs is decreasing because of effective medication therapies. B. Women are less likely to use protection methods against STDs. C. Half of the STD rate in the United States falls within the 15 to 24 age range. D. Treatment for STDs in women is usually ineffective.
C
You work in a community clinic that specializes in pediatric mental health. Joy, age 12 years, has been diagnosed with depression. You know a major risk factor for depression in childhood is A. family history of diabetes. B. family history of abuse. C. family history of depression. D. family history of poverty.
C
A veteran is a person who has served in the military. Which statement about veterans is correct? A. There are 5 million veterans in the United States today. B. Employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are considered veterans. C. People who were honorably discharged from the military are still considered veterans. D. Veterans include those that have served in the active military, naval, or air service.
D
Which description does not reflect a current definition of family? A. A social unit interacting with the larger society B. Individuals living together related by kinship, marriage, or choice C. Mother, father, and children interacting with extended family D. Two or more persons living together who share common interests
D
Which is classified as a vector of disease? A. Humans B. Door handles C. Water and food D. Mosquitoes
D
You are working in a mental health facility as a nurse. You are involved with patients who have varied diagnoses. One of your patient's family members asks what biological problem causes all of these people to have mental illness. You respond that most experts believe A. brain structure is the problem. B. neurotransmitters are the problem. C. genetics are the problem. D. many factors cause the problem.
D
A veteran was awarded VA disability compensation for a medical condition he contracted in 1965 while serving in Vietnam. Which condition did this veteran most likely have? A. Cardiac dysrhythmia B. Parkinson disease C. Diabetes type 1 D. Irritable bowel syndrome
B
When writing a community diagnosis, the community health nurse notes that the "among" phrase A. presents a synthesis of all assessment data. B. provides the supporting data. C. specifies the aggregate that will benefit from the nurse's plan. D. describes the cause of the health problem and directs focus of interventions.
C
Tony, age 16 years, comes to see you, the school nurse, with complaints of abdominal pain. You note that Tony exhibits signs and symptoms of depression, states he wishes he did not wake up today, and exhibits signs of anxiety. You would A. refer him immediately for evaluation. B. see him back in your office next week. C. refer him next month for evaluation. D. do nothing; this is normal in a 16-year-old boy.
A
The steps in the community assessment process for community health nurses are (Select all that apply.) A. writing a community diagnosis. B. evaluating the outcomes. C. collecting assessment data. D. identifying the cause of the problem. E. planning community interventions.
A,B,C,E
One dimension of a community, which looks at personal characteristics and risks of a group, is called A. aggregate of people. B. location in space and time. C. social system. D. census tract.
A
Seven cases of hepatitis A are diagnosed in a community over a period of 2 weeks. An investigation results in a determination that all of the infected individuals ate at a local restaurant. Which statement explains the possible connection between hepatitis A and a restaurant? A. The route of transmission for hepatitis A is fecal-oral. B. A food worker likely coughed on the customers. C. A food worker may have a bleeding wound. D. Hepatitis A is transmitted where people congregate.
A
The community health nurse assesses the family as a system within the context of their environments using which approach? A. Ecological framework B, Social network framework C. Transaction model D. General systems theory
A
The composition of the family is an example of A. internal structure. B. external structure. C. subsystem. D. large system.
A
The percentage of deaths resulting from a specific cause provides the nurse with information about areas in which public health programs might make significant contributions in reducing deaths. Select the statistic often used for this purpose. A. Proportionate mortality rate B. Crude death rate C. Age-adjusted death rate D. Standardized mortality rate
A
Through epidemiologic investigations, effective prevention measures are often identified. When the nurse is engaged in providing prevention for the community before disease has developed, the prevention activities meet the definition for what level of prevention? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Pathogenic
A
A community health nurse participating in planning programs for the coming year considers incidence rates to better understand the needs of the community. Which statement below is the most accurate explanation of incidence rates? A. New cases of a disease or condition in a community over a period of time are included in incidence rates. B. The number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the population at the same point in time is included in incidence rates. C. Incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease in those exposed to the disease. D. The term incidence rate refers to the percentage of deaths in a specific period of time from a specific cause.
A
A female veteran has just given birth to her first child. Which resource is most appropriate for this veteran at this time? A. PC3 B. VHA C. CHAMPVA D. TRICARE
A
A single white male veteran served two tours in Afghanistan. The veteran has returned home from Afghanistan where he lives alone, begins drinking alcohol daily around 11 am, and watches television from rising until bedtime. This veteran is at high risk for A. suicide. B. cognitive impairment C. chronic pain D. unresolved conflict
A
A veteran has a traumatic brain injury (TBI), hearing impairment, and an amputated arm. The nurse knows that this patient is suffering from A. polytrauma. B. posttraumatic stress disorder. C. military sexual trauma. D. substance use disorder.
A
Keeping in mind the Healthy People 2020 objectives, the community health nurse is aware that education and actions focused on one specific risk factor may result in a significant reduction in childhood deaths. This is because the leading cause of death for all children older than the age of 1 year is A. unintentional injuries. B. drowning. C. choking. D. motor vehicle-related injuries.
A
Mr. T has been admitted to the mental health floor for evaluation. You, the nurse, note that he has displayed hallucinations, disorganized thinking and speech, and bizarre behavior. He has a flat affect, lack of energy, and poor attention. You know that these are symptoms of what disorder? A. Schizophrenia B. Depression C. Anxiety D. Panic disorder
A
Ms. L is being treated for depression. Which statement by her indicates a need for further education? A. "My medication will cure me of my depression." B. "A side effect of my medication (Prozac) may be gastrointestinal upset." C. "I need to keep my follow-up appointment for medication management." D. "I should not stop taking my medication without checking with my doctor first."
A
Which characteristics are demonstrated by healthy or energized families? (Select all that apply.) A. Communication is appropriate and clear. B. Support and respect are evident and appreciated. C. Roles are static and change only in times of crisis. D. Common beliefs and values are shared. E. Members play and share leisure time appropriately.
A,B,D,E
Which factors cause primary vaccine failure? (Select all that apply.) A. Inefficient storage B. An intramuscular vaccine injection given subcutaneously C. Waning immunity in immunocompromised patients D. Light-sensitive vaccines exposed to light E. Seroconversion
A,B,D,E
Despite nursing activities and public awareness campaigns on this topic, many women face barriers to good health throughout their lives. The barriers to good health women face include the following: (Select all that apply.) A. Racism B. Poverty C. Violence D. Living in a suburban area E. Lack of access to health care
A,B,C,E
The public health nurse is working with a specific population and is preparing to participate in a descriptive epidemiology study. Which of the statements apply to descriptive epidemiology? (Select all that apply.) A. Descriptive epidemiology seeks to answer questions about the amount of disease in a given population. B. Descriptive epidemiology seeks to answer questions about the cause of disease in a given population. C. Descriptive epidemiology seeks to answer questions about the cure for disease in a given population. D. Descriptive epidemiology seeks to answer questions about the distribution of disease in a given population.
A,D
Which criteria is required in order for veterans to receive U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs(VA)benefits? (Select all that apply.) A. Serving in active duty for 24 consecutive months B. Serving for a half period of call in the Reserves C. Committing to the Guard for 12 months D. Being separated under any condition other than dishonorable E. Being deployed overseas for 6 months
A,D
A client provides information regarding medical and health history. This is an example of which assessment tool? A. Genogram B. Family health tree C. Ecomap D. Ancestry mapping tool
B
A community nurse is reviewing health statistics to gain a better understanding of a population's health needs. Crude rates are available for several health occurrences. What statement accurately describes crude rates? A. In calculating a crude rate, the numerator is the size of the population at risk. B. In calculating a crude rate, the average population size may be used as denominator. C. The denominator in a crude rate represents the population at risk for the event. D. Crude rates are used frequently because they avoid bias in interpretation.
B
A pathogen lives and multiplies in a __________ and transfers from one host to another by a __________. A. host, susceptible portal of entry B. reservoir, mode of transmission C. infectious agent, portal of exit D. mode of transmission, reservoir
B
A school nurse performs all activities. Which one demonstrates primary prevention? A. Establishing an after-school group for latch-key children B. Reviewing immunization records C. Obtaining grant funding to test for serum lead levels D. Vision and hearing screening
B
Which group is an example of a community of solution? A group that: A. lives within a specific geographic location. B. concerned with reducing teenage suicides. C. with the same ethnic background. D. in which all members enjoy hiking.
B
Which source of information about a community's health would give the community health nurse information about births, deaths, and marriages and aid in providing indicators of population growth or reduction? A. Census tracts B. Vital statistics C. National Health Survey data D. Needs assessment
B
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop due to (Select all that apply.) A. having recurring nightmares. B. viewing a dead body. C. having a history of mental illness. D. surviving a natural disaster. E. experiencing chronic pain.
B,C,D
Preterm birth and low birth weight are the most important predictors of infant health. Factors associated with preterm birth and low birth weight include (Select all that apply.) A. age younger than 25 years. B. chronic stress. C. poverty. D. minority status. E. first pregnancy.
B,C,D
A community health nurse may work in a collaborative role with which program that provides nutritious foods, nutrition education, and referral to millions of American pregnant and nursing women and infants and small children? A. Medicaid B. School-based health services C. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) D. Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Block
C
All contribute to obesity among lower income communities except A. the high cost of healthy foods. B. food insecurity. C. decreased availability of fast food. D. lack of access to safe places to exercise.
C
Family interviewing requires the community health nurse to understand or develop specific skills. All demonstrate appropriate family interviewing skills or techniques except A. introducing oneself by name and addressing the client appropriately, such as "Mr. Jones." B. planning the focus for the family visit in advance and engaging all family members present during the home visit. C. establishing the nursing goals based exclusively on the physician's orders. D. including time to identify family strengths and commend the family on these during the family assessment.
C
Health prevention activities targeting the 13- to 18-year-old population must be based on the knowledge that a priority health threat faced by adolescents is A. inadequate problem solving and coping skills. B. avoidance of preventive health services. C. engaging in risk-taking behaviors. D. sexual activity.
C
Identify the etiologic or causal statement component of the following community diagnosis: "There is an increased risk for undetected testicular cancer among young men related to insufficient knowledge about the disease and the methods for preventing and detecting it at an early stage as demonstrated by high rates of late initiation of treatment." A. Risk for undetected testicular cancer B. Young men C. Insufficient knowledge about the disease and methods of prevention D. High rates of late initiation of treatment
C
In the 1850s, a researcher studied a cholera epidemic among people living in different sections of London. The researcher who used epidemiologic methods to study the epidemic and used rates as an epidemiologic tool was A. Joseph Lister. B. William Farr. C. John Snow. D. Edward Jenner.
C
Katie, a 2-year-old child, is brought to the doctor's office after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Upon completion of the medical history, the mother tells the nurse that several of the other children at the daycare who played with the same toys as Katie have the same symptoms. The mode of transmission for the pathogen more likely was A. vector. B. direct. C. indirect. D. airborne.
C
Mental illnesses adversely affect achievement of social justice. Which statement related to marginalization of some populations because of mental illness is false? A. About half of all inmates in jails and prisons have mental health problems. B. Mental illnesses can lead to employment difficulties, which adversely affects access to health insurance, thereby limiting treatment options. C. Most mental illnesses are caused by genetic factors; therefore, problems associated with them persist across generations and among certain racial and ethnic groups. D. Both natural and human-made disasters can adversely affect mental health; those with limited resources appear to be more directly impacted, and the effects persist longer.
C
Mr. H is a patient in the primary care center where you work as a staff nurse. He tells you that he is currently participating in a type of therapy that helps patients change behaviors. You know that Mr. H is describing which type of therapy? A. Individual therapy B. Couple therapy C. Behavioral therapy D. Family therapy
C
The health literature accessed by the community health nurse often addresses the probability of an adverse event. What term refers to the likelihood that healthy people exposed to a specific factor will experience a specific health condition? A. Prevalence B. Rates C. Risk D. Incidence
C
Transmission of an infectious disease can be efficiently controlled by A. breaking all links in the transmission chain. B. destroying all reservoirs of infectious agents. C. breaking only one link in the transmission chain. D. maintaining high levels of herd immunity.
C
When chronic disease became a more important cause of death in developed countries, different epidemiologic models were developed to study the many factors involved in the development of these health conditions. Which is an example of such a model? A. Person-place-time model B. Epidemiologic triangle C. Web of causation D. Wheel model
C
A client is having difficulty performing his activities of daily living. This means he is having difficulty with A. expressive functioning. B. affective functioning. C. emotional functioning. D. instrumental functioning.
D
A community health nurse in the assessment phase of the nursing process conducted research to identify the distribution pattern of breast cancer within a population and the associated risk factors. This is called A. statistical analysis. B. needs assessment. C. census collection. D. epidemiology.
D
A community health nurse needs to understand that most families in today's society can be described as A. blended. B. nuclear. C. extended. D. defined by its members.
D
An epidemic is occurring in a public health nurse's community, and the nurse is working with the epidemiologist and other health professionals seeking to identify the causative agent. What phrase best describes such efforts? A. Cohort study B. Descriptive epidemiology C. Point prevalence study D. Analytic epidemiology
D
Four-month-old Lucy is in for immunizations at the local health department. The Vaccine Information Sheet is given to Lucy's mother, and informed consent is obtained. However, the mother then states, "Lucy did have a temperature around 99.1 degrees the night of her last immunizations." After this statement, the nurse should A. consult the child's pediatrician. B. delay the immunizations. C. do not give the immunizations because of the contraindication. D. give the immunizations.
D
One of the first steps in community assessment may involve the community health nurse driving or walking through an area and making observations about such things as environmental layout and location of agencies, hospitals, industries, and so forth. This is called a(n) A. census survey. B. needs survey. C. informant survey. D. windshield survey.
D
The community health nurse is aware that one of the five leading causes of infant death in the United States is A. respiratory distress. B. circulatory system disease. C. neonatal infections. D. sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
D
The community health nurse understands that events such as divorce, remarriage, or separation of parents have the potential to affect the family and individuals within the family. This demonstrates the nurse's understanding of which family theory? A. Structure-function family theory B. Family systems theory C. Family communication theory D. Developmental theory
D
The nurse is assisting Sargeant Earl in applying for VA benefits. Which statement made by Sargeant Earl indicates he understands VA benefits? A. "This is a wonderful health insurance program that will cover all of my health care needs." B. "I can see any provider I wish under the VA health insurance plan." C. "I still need to carry private insurance to assist with the most expensive treatments." D. "My primary care copay is $15 a visit and outpatient specialist copays are $50 per visit."
D
Veterans with a substance use disorder (SUD) are most likely to suffer from A. TBI B. MST C. VHA D. PTSD
D
What is the greatest threat to child health? A. Accidents B. Racism C. Burns D. Poverty
D