Practice test
What does the 110/80 mean for blood pressure?
110-systolic 80-diastolic
How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) would be released from the complete aerobic respiration of a molecule of sucrose (C12H22O11), a disaccharide?
12
Cells make up what percentage of total blood volume?
50%
The overall equation for photosynthesis is
6 CO2 + 6 H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Within the lungs, gas exchange occurs across
Alveoli
List the correct path of carbon dioxide moving out from the interior of the body?
Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx
A foreign substance that can trigger an immune response is a(n)
Antigen
In the human heart, blood is pumped from the left ventricle, through the
Aortic valve
Plaque formation of "bad" cholesterol in the walls of the arteries
Atherosclerosis
What type of immune response would involve the immune system attacking the body's own cells?
Autoimmune
What cell type is specifically responsible for humoral immunity?
B cells
The blood levels of which gas MOST important in controlling breathing?
Carbon dioxide
The basic function of cytotoxic T cells is to identify and destroy invaders in our
Cells
Why do cigarette smokers cough more than most people do?
Cigarette smoke paralyzes the cilia that normally move the debris out of the lungs. Coughing helps remove the debris
A doctor discovers that a patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens, but he is unable to protect himself against viral infections. The doctor suspects a disorder in her patient's
Cytotoxic T cells
Describe the life history of a plasma cell
Generated by multiplication of a B cell in response to an antigen and lives several days
What is produced during the light- independent reactions of photosynthesis?
Glucose, ADP, NADP+
"Good" cholesterol
HDLs
The sinoatrial node is the
Hearts pacemaker
What types of cells are crucial for starting the immune response?
Helper T cells
High blood pressure
Hypertension
Respiration __________________, and cellular respiration _____________.
Is gas exchange............produces ATP
Which of the following is a true statement about the threshold potential of a membrane? It is equal to about 35 mV It is equal to about 70 mV It is the same thing as the resting potential It is the depolarization that is needed to generate an action potential
It is the depolarization that is needed to generate an action potential
Require receptors to enter cells
LDLs
What genera takes the secondary immune response?
Memory cells
Which is pumped into the cell and which is pumped out of the cell?
Na+ out and K+in
The ______________ is a passageway shared by both food and air
Pharynx
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
Oxygen- poor blood is carried from the heart to the lungs via the
Pulmonary arteries
What carries the most highly oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary veins
The immediate result of the inflammatory response is to
Release phagocytes to feed on bacteria
Without working LDL receptors, livers cannot
Remove cholesterol from the blood
Which of the following does not indicate a direct pathway that blood might follow in human circulation? Left ventricle --> aorta Right ventricle --> pulmonary vein Pulmonary vein--> left atrium Vena cava--> right atrium
Right ventricle --> pulmonary vein
In the digestive system, most nutrient absorption occurs in the
Small intestine
In an average ecosystem, about how much energy in present in the organisms at a given trophies level compared to the organisms at the next higher tropic level?
Ten times as much
The "T" in T lymphocytes stands for
Thymus
What type of blood vessels has valves?
Veins