praxis-social studies

Base maps

created by aerial and field surveys

Which of the following actions would be taken by the Federal Reserve? a. Printing money to introduce into circulation b. Restricting the buying and selling of stocks on Wall Street c. Creating a national budget to present to Congress d. Adjusting interest rates to prevent inflation

d. Adjusting interest rates to prevent inflation

Which of the following is correct based on the law of supply? a. A decrease in the demand of a product will result in an increase in supply. b. An increase in the demand for one product leads to a fall in the demand for another. c. A decrease in the value of a currency will cause the value of another currency to decline. d. An increase in the price of a product will result in an increase in supply.

d. An increase in the price of a product will result in an increase in supply.

Which of the following Native American cultures is known for its complex temples and pyramids and its cultivation of maize? a. Mohican b. Pequot c. Hopi d. Aztec

d. Aztec

Which of the following individuals is most known for his contributions to aviation? a. Henry Ford b. Andrew Carnegie c. Mark Twain d. Charles Lindbergh

d. Charles Lindbergh

Which of the following has occurred as a result of China's rapid economic growth? a. China is no longer one of the world's largest miners of natural resources. b. China has become the world's largest exporter of agricultural products. c. China has become the world's largest importer of consumer goods. d. China has become one of the world's largest emitters of carbon dioxide.

d. China has become one of the world's largest emitters of carbon dioxide.

Which of the following items are both human wants? a. Shelter and clothing b. Food and cars c. Clothing and video games d. Computers and sports equipment

d. Computers and sports equipment

The relative scarcity of arable land in China led to which of the following patterns in Chinese social life? a. Extensive low-intensity agriculture with an emphasis on grazing animals b. Equal population density across all zones and assignment of the right to inherit land to the first-born child c. Limited agricultural surplus and difficulty in sustaining large-scale states d. Early development of intensive agricultural cultivation techniques

d. Early development of intensive agricultural cultivation techniques

Which of the following groups was declared free by the Emancipation Proclamation? a. Enslaved people who had escaped to western territories b. Enslaved people who lived in border states c. Enslaved people who served in the federal army d. Enslaved people who lived in areas still in rebellion

d. Enslaved people who lived in areas still in rebellion

Which of the following continents is located in both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres? a. Europe b. Africa c. North America d. A & B

d. Europe and Africa

Which of the following best explains the significance of the Suez Canal? a. It is an important shipping gateway in Europe linking the North Sea to the Black Sea. b. It connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, expediting trade between North America, South America, and Asia. c. It is an important shipping route connecting the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico. d. It connects the Mediterranean and Red Seas, expediting trade between Europe and Asia.

d. It connects the Mediterranean and Red Seas, expediting trade between Europe and Asia.

Which of the following statements describes a characteristic of Turkey's largest city? a. It has a very high altitude. b. It has a tropical climate. c. It is the country's largest manufacturing center. d. It is considered part of Europe and Asia.

d. It is considered part of Europe and Asia.

Which of the following best explains the economic depression Germany experienced following the First World War? a. The number of labor union members increased across the country. b. Banks offered low-interest loans to help rebuild homes. c. The government implemented regulations to help improve worker safety. d. Mandatory reparations caused massive inflation in the country.

d. Mandatory reparations caused massive inflation in the country.

Which of the following events took place as a result of the Indian Removal Act of 1830? a. Members of the Seminole tribe peaceably relocated to Florida. b. The United States Army relocated members of the Creek Nation to Georgia. c. The Sioux were the only remaining tribes in the southeastern United States. d. Members of the Cherokee Nation were forced to move to the western United States.

d. Members of the Cherokee Nation were forced to move to the western United States.

Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution gave women the right to vote? a. Thirteenth b. Fifteenth c. Seventeenth d. Nineteenth

d. Nineteenth

Which of the following events is recognized as the end of the American Civil War? a. The second Battle of Bull Run b. The election of Abraham Lincoln c. The secession of South Carolina d. The Battle of Appomattox Court House

d. The Battle of Appomattox Court House

Which of the following events of the American Revolution occurred last? a. The passage of the Intolerable Acts b. The dumping of tea into Boston Harbor c. The signing of the Declaration of Independence d. The Battle of Yorktown

d. The Battle of Yorktown

Which of the following is true about the Trail of Tears? a. The trail of tears drove Native Americans to Indian territory (later, Oklahoma) because white settlers no longer required their assistance in agricultural production b. removal treaties were enacted fairly and peacefully c. the Indian Removal Act of 1831 began the forced relocation of Native Americans that year d. The Cherokee Nation was forced to give up land east of the Mississippi River during Andrew Jackson's presidency

d. The Cherokee Nation was forced to give up land east of the Mississippi River during Andrew Jackson's presidency

Which of the following best explains why the expansion of the American colonies was limited under British rule? a. The Spanish held the territory west of the Appalachian Mountains. b. Bad weather and poor soil prevented crops from growing south of the colonies. c. Most of the American colonists were fishermen and lived along the eastern shoreline. d. The Proclamation of 1763 prevented the colonists from migrating west.

d. The Proclamation of 1763 prevented the colonists from migrating west

Which of the following exemplifies the Constitution's federalist structure? a. The separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches b. The Full Faith and Credit clause of Article IV of the Constitution c. The Supremacy clause of Article VI of the Constitution d. The Tenth Amendment's division of power between national and state governments

d. The Tenth Amendment's division of power between national and state governments

Which of the following is an effect of the Gulf Stream? a. North America is significantly dryer and colder than it otherwise would be. b. The North Atlantic has the most unstable weather of any ocean on Earth. c. Travel time for ships and aircraft is much shorter from Europe to North America than from North America to Europe. d. The climate of Western Europe is significantly warmer and milder than it otherwise would be.

d. The climate of Western Europe is significantly warmer and milder than it otherwise would be.

Which of the following most contributed to the expansion of the Roman Empire under Emperor Augustus? a. The collection of taxes from conquered areas b. The appointment of public officials to the government c. The toleration of monotheism in conquered lands d. The establishment of an organized military system

d. The establishment of an organized military system

Which of the following contributed to the development of both ancient China and Rome? a. The building of large universities b. The printing of paper currency c. The practice of representative government d. The establishment of trade centers

d. The establishment of trade centers

Which of the following actions led to Unites States involvement in the First World War? a. The bombing of naval bases in the Pacific b. The surrender of military forces from Russia c. The invasion of neutral territories by Germany d. The use of submarine warfare in the Atlantic

d. The use of submarine warfare in the Atlantic

During the late nineteenth century, in which of the following ways did churches in the United States respond to the social problems resulting from the industrialism of the previous decades? a. They aligned themselves with and financed the political agendas of organized labor. b. They lobbied Congress to pass laws guaranteeing social security for all citizens. c. They subsidized efforts to build small homes for the working poor. d. They built and maintained mission schools, orphanages, and homes for the aged.

d. They built and maintained mission schools, orphanages, and homes for the aged.

Which of the following statements describes an advantage the South had over the North during the Civil War? a. They had a larger population to provide troops for their army. b. They had greater access to railroads to move their troops. c. They had more manufacturing centers to produce munitions. d. They had more experienced generals to lead their troops.

d. They had more experienced generals to lead their troops.

Which of the following is a responsibility of a citizen of the United States? a. Participating in a protest b. Starting a business c. Attending a university d. Volunteering in a community

d. Volunteering in a community

Which of the following factors might contribute to inflation? a. high interest rates and a low amount of printed currency b. high unemployment rates c. a decrease in supply and a low amount of printed currency d. a decrease in supply and a large amount of printed currency

d. a decrease in supply and a large amount of printed currency inflation occurs when prices increase

Which of the following is an example of the separation of powers? a. No members of Congress can serve in another branch of government b. the President cannot vote on legislation c. checks and balances d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following was a result of the rise of the Ottoman Turks? a. Christian Byzantines left Constantinople for Western Europe, bringing classical learning with them b. the Ottomans were able to conquer large areas, establishing a vast Islamic empire c. the Ottomans represented an Islamic threat to European Christendom d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What are the three major forms of sociological interactions? a. culture, counterculture, and subculture b. celebrations, languages, and belief systems c. government, schools, and business d. cooperation, exchange, and conflict

d. cooperation, exchange, and conflict

In 1920 the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed in order to a. establish the right to a trial by jury b. abolish slavery c. guarantee freedom of speech d. guarantee women the right to vote

d. guarantee women the right to vote

The Reconstruction Acts a. immediately improved conditions for African Americans in the South b. immediately benefitted the Southern economy c. were widely considered fair in Congress and by Southerners d. imposed northern military control over the south

d. imposed northern military control over the south

Which of the following is a positive effect of urbanization? a. increased tenement housing b. sanitary conditions c. political machines d. increased employment opportunities

d. increased employment opportunites

What did the Missouri Compromise do? a. admitted Missouri as a free state b. it admitted California as a free state c. it allowed slavery in New Mexico and Utah to be decided by popular sovereignty d. it banned slavery north of the 36 parallel

d. it banned slavery north of the 36 parallel

a sign on the freeway indicates that you are 150 miles from the city of Pittsburg. This shows your a. absolute location b. physical geography c. geographic feature d. relative location

d. relative location

Major influences on the European Renaissance included a. cultural discoveries in North America b. African music and culture c. the ideas of the Greek Orthodox Church d. scientific knowledge from the Islamic empires

d. scientific knowledge from the Islamic empires

Why did Congress pass the Neutrality Acts? a. only to prevent the US from loaning money to nations at war b. to help the United States have the best chance of winning a foreign war c. to prevent the US from engaging in Civil War d. to prevent direct and indirect US involvement in foreign conflict

d. to prevent direct and indirect US involvement in foreign conflict

During the Pax Romana, the Mediterranean region was all of the following except a. experiencing a period of relative stability under Roman rule b. a center of commercial activity c. ruled by Augustus Caesar d. under the control of a powerful Senate

d. under the control of a powerful Senate

Slaves were originally brought to the Americas as part of the triangular trade in order to do all of the following except a. work on cotton plantations b. work on sugar plantations c. work in colonists homes d. work in textile factories

d. work in textile factories

Classical period (500-226 BC) most known for?

development of the principles of democracy

Shang Dynasty

first known dynasty -developed the earliest known Chinese writing which helped untie Chinese-speaking people throughout the region

what climate is best for farming?

humid continental climate, the true four-season climate -includes northern and central US, south-central and southeastern Canada, northern China, and the western and southeastern parts of former Soviet bloc

what are the primary driving forces of globalization?

multinational corporations

Imperialism

possession and exploitation of land overseas

the Archaic period (750-500 BC) most known for?

pottery and sculpture

Franco-Prussian War

rivalry against France and Prussia where Prussia took control of Alsace-Lorraine, mineral-rich and later essential for industrial development 1870-1871

political map

show borders and names of countries

thematic map

show data based on a theme, such as population, wildlife distribution, economic trends

topographic map

show natural and man-made surface features of the Earth

what are areas of continents far from the ocean called?

steppes, or prairie

important cash crop in the Caribbean?

sugar

Savannah climate

-dry in the winter and wet in the summer -north and south of the rainforests

Qin Dynasty

the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall

Charlemagne

800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe -Christianity -organized feudal system

Confucius

A Chinese philosopher created one of the most influential philosophies in Chinese history- Confucianism: emphasizes harmony and respect for hierarchy

Code of Hammurabi

A collection of 282 laws. One of the first (but not THE first) examples of written law in the ancient world. "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"

Fertile Crescent

A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates -includes ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and Rome, and ancient China

Feudalism

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land land and protection were offered in exchange for loyalty

Pharoah

A ruler of ancient Egypt examples: Hatsheput, Thutmose 3, Akhenaten, and Ramesses 2

Absolute Monarchy

A system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power

all of the following contributed to the destruction of Native American populations in North America except: A. colonists overuse of natural resources such as bison and timber b. transfer of smallpox from Europeans to Native Americans c. violent conflict over land and resources between Europeans and Native Americans d. geographical displacement by colonists

A. colonists overuse of natural resources such as bison and timber

Which of the following maps would most likely be used in distinguishing cultural regions? A.A world map of languages B.A North American topographical map C.A world map of natural resources D.A precipitation map of Europe

A.A world map of languages

Which of the following is one characteristic of a democracy? A.Citizens participate in the fair election of government officials. B.Government power is controlled by a few individuals. C.Government power is controlled by a single monarch. D.Citizens are punished for criticizing government officials.

A.Citizens participate in the fair election of government officials.

Which of the following best describes the prime meridian? A.Longitude line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres B.Line of latitude that divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres C.Longitude line that demarcates the change of the calendar day D.Line of latitude that marks the most northerly point on a map

A.Longitude line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Which of the following actions would a government most likely take to encourage economic growth? A.Lowering interest rates B.Raising income taxes C.Increasing federal regulations D.Decreasing federal spending

A.Lowering interest rates

Which of the following countries did the United States come into conflict with as a result of the annexation of the Republic of Texas? A.Mexico B.France C.Canada D.Spain

A.Mexico

Which of the following is best described as the study of individual economic behavior? A.Microeconomics B.Macroeconomics C.Social economics D.Institutional economics

A.Microeconomics

"With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere. But with the Governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States." United States president, 1823 Which of the following is most associated with this speech? A.Monroe Doctrine B.Roosevelt Corollary C.Louisiana Purchase D.Missouri Compromise

A.Monroe Doctrine

The following excerpt is a portion of a letter from George Washington to Henry Knox in February, 1787. "If three years ago, any person had of told me that at this day, I should see such a formidable rebellion against the laws and constitutions of our own making as now appears, I should have thought him a bedlamite (insane person)—fit subject for a madhouse..." Which of the following rebellions is discussed in this excerpt? A.Shays' Rebellion B.Nat Turner's Rebellion C.The Whiskey Rebellion D.Stono Rebellion

A.Shays' Rebellion

Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution was used to justify segregation? A.Tenth B.Sixth C.Fifth D.Third

A.Tenth

"I am of the opinion that when once these rebels have felt a smart blow, they will submit; and no situation can ever change my fixed resolution...." King George III Which of the following is most related to the topic discussed in this excerpt? A.The Declaration of Independence B.The Louisiana Purchase C.The Constitution of the United States D.The Treaty of Paris of 1763

A.The Declaration of Independence

Which of the following best explains why Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan used deficit spending? A.To stimulate weak economies B.To regulate financial markets C.To promote territorial expansion D.To prevent racial inequality

A.To stimulate weak economies

Which of the following best describes a reasonable application of how geography can be used to interpret the past? A.To understand how the discovery of gold affected the development of California B.To analyze the potential hazards of overcrowding in urban areas C.To determine the longitude and latitude of the capital of Nebraska D.To calculate the topographical features of a specific region

A.To understand how the discovery of gold affected the development of California

Aztecs

Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax. dominated the region and regional trade main city: Tenochitlan

Silk Road

An ancient trade route between Song Dynasty China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi) and linking China with the Roman Empire. Marco Polo followed the route on his journey to Cathay.

Columbian Exchange

An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa. African slavery triangular trade= north america: sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe: textiles and manufactured goods to Africa: enslaved people to north america

Incas

Ancient civilization (1200-1500AD) that was located in the Andes in Peru built Machu Picchu-peru stable crop maize

Which of the following most contributes to the cultural cohesion of a community? A.Diverse climate B.Common language C.Natural resources D.Market economy

B.Common language

Which of the following best protects the security of citizens in a democracy? A.Limiting the number of potential candidates in elections B.Ensuring that voters are well-informed about elections C.Compensating candidates for money spent in elections D.Mandating that voters participate in elections

B.Ensuring that voters are well-informed about elections

Which of the following officials is the chief executive at the state level of government? A.Ambassador B.Governor C.Senator D.Mayor

B.Governor

Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution extended the right to vote to women? A.Eighteenth Amendment B.Nineteenth Amendment C.Twentieth Amendment D.Twenty-First Amendment

B.Nineteenth Amendment

Which of the following organizations was most responsible for the increased tensions over the shortage of a natural resource during the 1970s? A.World Customs Organization B.Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries C.World Trade Organization D.North Atlantic Treaty Organization

B.Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

Which of the following actions is considered primarily a duty of local governments? A.Negotiating with foreign leaders B.Organizing school systems C.Printing paper currency D.Establishing border security

B.Organizing school systems

Which of the following objectives is expressly stated in the preamble to the Constitution? A.Providing for the common defense and establishing political parties B.Providing for the common defense and establishing justice C.Insuring domestic tranquility and establishing voting procedures D.Promoting the general welfare and establishing political parties

B.Providing for the common defense and establishing justice

"...a Firm League of Friendship with each other, against all force offered to, or attacks made upon them..." (1781) Which of the following documents outlines the objectives referred to in this excerpt? A.The Declaration of Independence B.The Articles of Confederation C.The Mayflower Compact D.The Bill of Rights

B.The Articles of Confederation

Which TWO of the following locations are the best examples of how human interaction can affect the environment? A.The Grand Canyon B.The Hoover Dam C.Niagara Falls D.Grand Teton E.Mount Rushmore

B.The Hoover Dam E. Mount Rushmore

Which of the following doubled the size of the United States? A.The Gadsden Purchase B.The Louisiana Purchase C.The annexation of Texas D.The cession of Florida

B.The Louisiana Purchase

Which of the following statements best describes the historical settlement of the present-day United States? A.European powers cooperated with one another to colonize new territories. B.The area was primarily populated from the East Coast to the West Coast. C.Internal migration was discouraged by local government officials. D.Large groups of Native Americans were assimilated into European settlements.

B.The area was primarily populated from the East Coast to the West Coast.

Which of the following best describes how the increasing popularity of automobiles transformed the United States during the early twentieth century? A.The percentage of people who lived in rural areas increased. B.The number of roads that were paved increased. C.The percentage of minorities who voted increased. D.The number of mass transit systems that were built increased.

B.The number of roads that were paved increased.

Which of the following best describes President Woodrow Wilson's main justification for the entry of the United States into World War I? A.The threat of communism around the world needed to be eliminated. B.The world needed to be made safe for democracy. C.The Allied Powers demanded that war reparations be paid by Germany. D.The Central Powers launched an attack against a United States naval base.

B.The world needed to be made safe for democracy.

Which of the following scenarios would most directly increase a nation's gross domestic product? A.A rise in unemployment rates B.A rapid growth in population C.A rise in the price of exported goods D.A decision to implement economic sanctions

C.A rise in the price of exported goods

Which of the following developments prompted the United States Congress to pass the USA PATRIOT Act? A.A Middle East oil embargo in 1973 B.The start of the Iran-Iraq War C.An attack by terrorists in 2001 D.The outbreak of the Cuban missile crisis

C.An attack by terrorists in 2001

The following narrative is from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa (1789). "I remember, in the vessel in which I was brought over, in the men's apartment, there were several brothers . . . sold in different lots; and it was very moving on this occasion, to see and hear their cries at parting." Which of the following eighteenth-century practices is described by this narrative? A.Imperialism B.Mercantilism C.Chattel slavery D.Indentured servitude

C.Chattel slavery

-Rich soil -Abundant fishing grounds -Access to freshwater Which of the following actions by European colonists was most affected by these factors? A.Creation of new maps B.Trading with Native Americans C.Founding of settlements D.Development of plantations

C.Founding of settlements

Which of the following conflicts contributed to an agreement between British colonies known as the Albany Plan? A.American Revolution B.King Philip's War C.French and Indian War D.War of 1812

C.French and Indian War

Which of the following architectural innovations is attributed to classical Greece? A.Aqueduct B.Minaret C.Ionic column D.Flying buttress

C.Ionic column

Which of the following is recognized by three of the world's major religions as a holy city? A.Mecca B.Cairo C.Jerusalem D.Tehran

C.Jerusalem

Ramon can spend his time creating calligraphy cards or baking muffins. He chooses to bake muffins. Which of the following economic terms best describes the calligraphy cards in this scenario? A.Scarce resource B.Production cost C.Opportunity cost D.Factor of production

C.Opportunity cost

Which TWO factors contributed to the failure of the Articles of Confederation? A.Congress abused its power to tax. B.Congress overregulated foreign trade. C.States printed local currencies. D.The executive branch abused its power to negotiate treaties. E.The federal government was unable to enforce laws.

C.States printed local currencies. E. the federal government was unable to enforce laws

Which of the following best describes how the farming techniques used by the Inca developed? A.Vast plains resulted in pastoral farming. B.Annual flooding resulted in the development of commercial farms. C.Steep mountains resulted in the development of terrace farms. D.Lack of rainfall resulted in dry farming.

C.Steep mountains resulted in the development of terrace farms.

-Availability of abundant natural resources -Federal laws enacted to protect property rights -Extensive patent laws passed Which of the following developments was made possible as a result of the factors listed above? A.The Great Depression B.The Great Awakening C.The Industrial Revolution D.The Great Recession

C.The Industrial Revolution

Which of the following best characterizes a resource as scarce? A.The production of the resource exceeds the demand for it. B.The resource is renewable. C.The consumer demand for the resource exceeds the amount available. D.The government subsidizes the resource.

C.The consumer demand for the resource exceeds the amount available.

Which of the following rights is most characteristic of a democracy? A.The right to achieve financial security B.The right to worship in a government church C.The right to participate in the electoral process D.The right to a publicly funded education

C.The right to participate in the electoral process

The following excerpt was written on July 4, 1776. "When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another . . . " Which of the following individuals was the author of this document? A.Patrick Henry B.James Madison C.Thomas Jefferson D.George Washington

C.Thomas Jefferson

Which of the following describes the primary purpose of cross-cultural comparisons? A.To determine which culture is superior B.To establish the land rights of a cultural group C.To identify traits shared between cultures D.To predict cultural migration patterns

C.To identify traits shared between cultures

Which of the following describes the primary reason for the establishment of time zones in the United States? A.To create uniform borders between states B.To align all cities with the prime meridian C.To improve the efficiency of transportation D.To maintain physical national boundaries

C.To improve the efficiency of transportation

Constantinople

Capital of the Byzantine Empire a strategically-located commercial center connecting Asian trade routes with Europe

Maya Empire

Central America-Mexico dominated Yucatan peninsula studied astronomy and math

Athens

the capital and largest city of Greece -first known democracy (officials chosen by groups rather than elected)

Which of the following best describes why a democratic government regulates the economy? A.To guarantee fair elections B.To protect civil rights C.To provide federal jobs D.To ensure financial stability

D. To ensure financial stability

Which of the following describes a physical characteristic that a developer would use when planning a residential community? A.Evaluating the quality of local schools B.Assessing the median income of the surrounding communities C.Calculating the potential growth of neighboring businesses D.Analyzing the proximity to flood zones

D.Analyzing the proximity to flood zones

Sixteenth-century European explorers sought to discover alternative trade routes to which of the following? A.Australia B.North Africa C.South America D.Asia

D.Asia

Which of the following actions is the direct result of how humans impact the environment? A.Erosion B.Earthquake C.Mudslide D.Deforestation

D.Deforestation

Which of the following would most contribute to an entrepreneur's success? A.Tariffs and exports B.Labor and exports C.Capital and tariffs D.Labor and capital

D.Labor and capital

Which of the following topics is most related to the Roman "Twelve Tables"? A.Art B.Architecture C.Philosophy D.Law

D.Law

Which of the following best describes why the Amazon Basin is considered a region? A.The tributaries of the Amazon River drain into the Atlantic Ocean. B.The indigenous people living in the Amazon rain forest speak the same language. C.Seasonal rainfall in the Amazon rain forest is consistent throughout the year. D.Physical characteristics are influenced by the tributaries of the Amazon River.

D.Physical characteristics are influenced by the tributaries of the Amazon River.

Which of the following events resulted in the United States gaining control of the Philippines? A.The Vietnam War B.World War I C.The Korean War D.Spanish-American War

D.Spanish-American War

Which entrepreneur is most associated with the information revolution that developed in Silicon Valley? A.Malcolm Stevenson Forbes, Jr. B.Thomas Alva Edison C.Alexander Graham Bell D.Steven Paul Jobs

D.Steven Paul Jobs

Which of the following describes one outcome of the Battle of Saratoga? A.The British government gave the colonists equal representation in Parliament. B.The colonists formed a military alliance with Mexico against the British. C.The battle immediately led to the surrender of all British forces in the American colonies. D.The American victory convinced France to form a military alliance with the colonists.

D.The American victory convinced France to form a military alliance with the colonists.

"The Conventions of a number of the States having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added." (1789) Which of the following documents resolved the issue described by this excerpt? A.The Federalist papers B.The Articles of Confederation C.The Annals of Congress D.The Bill of Rights

D.The Bill of Rights

Which of the following was written to raise public support for the ratification of the United States Constitution? A.The South Carolina Exposition B.The Articles of Confederation C.The Virginia Declaration of Rights D.The Federalist Papers

D.The Federalist Papers

Which of the following events contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War? A.Interception of the Zimmermann telegram B.Bombing of a United States naval base C.A naval confrontation in the Gulf of Tonkin D.The sinking of a United States battleship

D.The sinking of a United States battleship

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Assyrians

Known as a warrior people who ruthlessly conquered neighboring countries; their empire stretched from east to north of the Tigris River all the way to centeral Egypt -contributed unique sculptures and jewlery, established military dominance, and played an important role in regional trade

Apartheid

Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.

Toussaint L'ouverture

Led a successful slave rebellion establishing Haiti as an independent nation from the French in 1791

who was the Mexican ruler that led the Aztecs during their first encounter with Spain?

Montezuma 2

tropical rainforests

Near the equator. Warm with lots of precipitation. Little seasonal temperature variation. Most diverse biome. -central Africa, southeast Asia, and the Amazon basin

Middle or Middle Atlantic Colonies

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland

Hernan Cortes

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541).

Capitalism

the free market economic system (laissez-faire) developed by Adam Smith

Sumerians

The people who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium B.C.E. They were responsible for the creation of many fundamental elements of Mesopotamian culture-such as irrigation technology, advanced agriculture, cuneiform, and religious conceptions.

Southern Colonies

Virginia = first permanent English colony North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia= last colony

Hundred Years War

War between France and Britain, lasted 116 years, mostly a time of peace, but it was punctuated by times of brutal violence (1337 to 1453) France no king and suffered from effects of Black plague England lost its last territory in France in 1453

Under which Chinese dynasty was the concept of the Mandate of Heaven developed?

Zhou Dynasty

Mediterranean climate

a climate marked by warm, dry summers and cool, rainy winters -includes land bordering the Mediterranean Sea, a small part of the Ukraine near the Black Sea, central Chile, and southern California

Encomienda System

a system in Spanish America that gave settlers the right to hold lands and demand labor and tax Native Americans

The Truman Doctrine justified which of the following United States policies? a. Aiding Greece and Turkey after the Second World War b. Participating in the United Nations c. Selling of arms to Iran d. Intervening in Nicaragua

a. Aiding Greece and Turkey after the Second World War

Segregation was found unconstitutional by which Supreme Court decision? a. Brown v. Board of Education b. Plessy v. Ferguson c. Scott v. Sanford d. Korematsu v. US

a. Brown v. Board of Education

Which of the following describes the compromise over slavery that the delegates agreed upon during the Constitutional Convention? a. Delegates agreed on how slaves would be counted in the census. b. People in a territory could vote on whether slavery would be permitted. c. Once a territory became a state, slavery would not be permitted. d. The government agreed to use federal troops to capture escaped slaves.

a. Delegates agreed on how slaves would be counted in the census

-Held the first Olympics -Polytheistic -Practiced direct democracy Which of the following ancient civilizations is described? a. Greece b. Egypt c. Rome d. China

a. Greece

Which of the following inventors is most associated with the use of the assembly line? a. Henry Ford b. Thomas Alva Edison c. Alexander Graham Bell d. Nikola Tesla

a. Henry Ford

Which of the following was a major effect of the New Deal in the United States? a. Increased federal government spending b. Decreased involvement in foreign affairs c. Decreased wages for government workers d. Increased privatization of industries

a. Increased federal government spending

Which of the following describes the effect of the interstate highway system on life in the United States? a. Increased suburban development b. Increased education funding c. Decreased use of airline transportation d. Decreased demand for overseas goods

a. Increased suburban development

Which of the following countries received its independence from Great Britain in 1947? a. India b. Argentina c. The Philippines d. Peru

a. India

Which of the following describes the use of a natural resource in the development of early Mesopotamian society? a. Irrigating crops with river water b. Hunting animals on plateaus c. Farming crops on terraced hillsides d. Navigating ships on oceans

a. Irrigating crops with river water

Which of the following is accurate about the geography of Peru? a. Its coastal region is comprised of desert. b. The majority of the country is made up of grasslands. c. The country has mostly rolling hills and very few mountains. Id. t is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and has few water features.

a. Its coastal region is comprised of desert

In which of the following regions is Islam the predominant religion? a. Northern Africa b. Western Europe c. Northern South America d. Eastern Asia

a. Northern Africa

Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law, for the policy of separating the races is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the Negro group. . . . Any language in contrary to this finding is rejected. We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." Earl Warren, chief justice of the United States Supreme Court Which of the following court cases did this ruling overturn? a. Plessy versus. Ferguson b. Regents of the University of California versus. Bakke c. Dred Scott vversus. Sandford d. Korematsu vversus.United States

a. Plessy versus. Ferguson

In which of the following nations did the conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi take place? a. Rwanda b. South Africa c. Ethiopia d. Uganda

a. Rwanda

Which of the following European nations was the first to colonize the southwestern United States? a. Spain b. Portugal c. France d. England

a. Spain

The destruction of the USSU SS Maine led to the start of which of the following events? a. Spanish-American War b. First World War c. Mexican-American War d. War of 1812

a. Spanish- American War

Magna Carta

the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215 and was the basis for today's parliamentary system in that country

A social studies teacher shares a graph with her class that shows how home heating costs rise in the local area during winter months because of the reliance on heating oil, a product that has risen in cost. Which economic principles can the teacher be demonstrating by the use of the graph? Choose all that apply. a. Supply and demand b. consumers and consumption c. natural, human, and capital resources d. inflation and recession

a. Supply and demand b. consumers and consumption

Which of the following events most contributed to the start of the American Revolution? a. The British taxing the colonists to pay for the French and Indian War b. The blockade of the American colonies by the British navy c. The drafting of the Constitution by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia d. The commissioning of George Washington as commander of the Continental army

a. The British taxing the colonists to pay for the French and Indian War

Which of the following actions contained a controversial fugitive slave provision? a. The Compromise of 1850 b. The Missouri Compromise c. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 d. The Three-Fifths Compromise

a. The Compromise of 1850

Which of the following events was the context for the Gettysburg Address? a. The dedication of a national cemetery during the American Civil War b. The opening of an immigrant processing center during the Gilded Age c. The attack on a battleship at the start of the Spanish-American War d. The annexation of new territory during the era of western expansion

a. The dedication of a national cemetery during the American Civil War

Which of the following is most responsible for changing the cultural landscape of the American West in the late nineteenth century? a. The expansion of the railroad b. The growth of Indian settlements c. The relocation of Mexican citizens d. The establishment of slave states

a. The expansion of the railroad

Which of the following events most contributed to Southern states seceding from the Union? a. The inauguration of Abraham Lincoln b. The occurrence of Nat Turner's Rebellion c. The ratification of the Civil Rights Act d. The signing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act

a. The inauguration of Abraham Lincoln

Which of the following best explains how intensive agriculture, poor irrigation practices, and overgrazing have affected the environment? a. They have contributed to the desertification of areas. b. They have increased the potential for droughts to occur. c. They have prevented deforestation from occurring in tropical regions. d. They have caused carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere to decline.

a. They have contributed to the desertification of areas.

Which of the following statements best describes indentured servants during the American colonial period? a. They obtained their freedom once their contract was completed. b. They consisted primarily of young women and children. c. The majority served in wealthy homes in the northern colonies. d. They paid higher taxes to offset the cost of their trip to the Americas.

a. They obtained their freedom once their contract was completed.

Which of the following countries is known as the breadbasket of Europe? a. Ukraine b. France c. Ireland d. Poland

a. Ukraine

Which of the following helped many homesteaders to establish farms on the Great Plains during the 1800s? a. Windmills to pump water for irrigation b. Levees to control flooding c. Steel to construct cities to withstand earthquakes d. Cars to transport crops to markets

a. Windmills to pump water for irrigation

Which of the following best describes one result of the introduction of robotics into manufacturing centers? a. Workers will need to be retrained to perform different jobs. b. Additional assembly-line workers will be needed to work in automated factories. c. The price of goods created through automation will increase. d. Additional management personnel will be needed to make decisions about production levels.

a. Workers will need to be retrained to perform different jobs.

Which of the following would be the most useful for studying population patterns within the state of Texas over a period time? a. a bar graph detailing population numbers over a period of 30 years b. a map with the number of people living in different parts of Texas in the year 2000 c. a photograph showing how many people were at a state fair d. a bar graph detailing population percentages compared with other states

a. a bar graph detailing population numbers over a period of 30 years

Which of the following was a method people used to prevent risk of discovery when helping slaves escape through the underground railroad? a. escape routes were usually indirect in order to confuse pursuers b. escape routes were usually direct to get slaves to freedom more quickly c. children stayed with their mothers d. information about routes were passed along by small notes

a. escape routes were usually indirect in order to confuse pursuers

Which of the following led to the French Revolution? a. food shortages, heavy taxation of the peasants and bourgeoises, and enlightenment thought b. the rise of Napolean and militarization of French culture c. the congress of Vienna and shifting diplomatic alliances in Europe d. the concentration of power under the monarchy that resulted from the reign of Louis XIV

a. food shortages, heavy taxation of the peasants and bourgeoises, and enlightenment thought

Which of the following are major physical regions in the continental United States? a. humid continental, humid subtropical, Mediterranean, marine, desert b. humid continental, humid subtropical, taiga, tundra, Mediterranean c. humid continental, Mediterranean, marine, taiga, tropical rainforest d. Sun belt, Bible belt, and the Coasts

a. humid continental, humid subtropical, Mediterranean, marine, desert

A local clothing store offers customers fifty percent off the price of all inventory items. Which of the following economic terms best describes this example? a. Incentive b. Production c. Consumption d. Scarcity

a. incentive

According to Confucianism, an ideal society a. is based on respect for authority and wisdom, making harmonious interaction a priority b. allows respectful debate and discussion to encourage learning and the development of wisdom c. encompasses a diverse group of people, to gather wisdom from different cultures d. values hierarchy and enforces a caste system

a. is based on respect for authority and wisdom, making harmonious interaction a priority

Which of the following time zones is located between California and Texas? a. Mountain b. Central c. Eastern d. Pacific

a. mountain

The framers instituted a system of checks and balances because they were concerned about a. one branch of government gaining too much power b. mob rule c. the military taking over the government d. the states overpowering the national government

a. one branch of government gaining too much power

Which of the following are considers geographical features on a map? a. plains, plateaus, valleys, and mountains b. continents, plateaus, cardinal directions, and mountains c. bodies of water, plains, plateaus, and countries d. plains, plateaus, areas depicting agricultural products, and mountains

a. plains, plateaus, valleys, and mountains

Asking citizens to be civil minded and independent and making the people as a whole sovereign is a characteristic of a. republicanism b. government c. economics d. communism

a. republicanism

Even after the end of slavery, African Americans in the rural south still suffered due to a. sharecropping, which kept them in heavy debt, often to their former masters b. the Colored farmers alliance, which was organized to limit their efforts to become independent farmers. c. the reconstruction acts, which specifically punished southern blacks who did not join the army d. labor unions, which advocated for white workers' rights in factories in urban areas and ignored rural issues

a. sharecropping, which kept them in heavy debt, often to their former masters

Which of the following is an event that successfully ended the cold war? a. the August coup b. the fall of the Berlin wall c. cuban missile crisis d, the success of the Sputnik program

a. the August coup 1991

the US entered world war 1 largely because of a. the Zimmerman telegram b. the rise of Nazi Germany c. the assassination of Franz Ferdinand d. the attack on the Lusitania

a. the Zimmerman telegram

Which of the following most contributed to the fall of the ancient Egyptians? a. the death of Cleopatra b. Alexander the Great conquering their land c. severe droughts d. Canaanite settlers entering Egypt

a. the death of Cleopatra after her death Egypt became part of the Roman Empire

Which of the following was not a consequence of the scarcity of oil that led to the energy crisis in the 1970s? a. the president urged US citizens to heat only one room in their homes in the winter b. the automotive industry suffered as Japan created more fuel-efficient vehicles c. political leaders asked gas stations to close for one day a week d. oil prices were high for most of the decade

a. the president urged US citizens to heat only one room in their homes in the winter

Following the Civil War, poll taxes were primarily used in the South to deny access to which of the following? a. Voting b. Public education c. Employment d. Military service

a. voting

Which of the following countries have territorial claims in Kashmir? a. India, Pakistan, and China b. Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran c. Iran, Iraq, and Russia d. Russia, China, and India

a.India, Pakistan, and China

Mongol Empire

an empire founded in the 12th century by Genghis Khan, which reached its greatest territorial extent in the 13th century, encompassing the larger part of Asia and extending westward to the Dnieper River in eastern Europe.

Which resource would be most useful to a researcher who is studying the significance of the Suez Canal, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Strait of Gibraltar? a. A table with currency exchange rates between the United States and European countries b. A map of the countries located between the North Atlantic and the Arabian Sea c. A bar graph showing the number of democratic nations in the Middle East d. A diary entry describing a traveler's encounters along the Silk Road

b. A map of the countries located between the North Atlantic and the Arabian Sea

In which of the following types of economies do the government and central planners play the largest part in deciding how resources are used and distributed to the people? a. Capitalist b. Command c. Free market d. Traditional

b. Command

Which of the following were part of the New England colonies? a. New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts b. Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island c. New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New Jersey d. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Deleware

b. Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island

Which of the following demonstrates one way the government can promote competition? a. Implementing a tariff on foreign products b. Enacting and enforcing antitrust legislation c. Providing tax breaks for consumers d. Creating a national minimum wage

b. Enacting and enforcing antitrust legislation

Which of the following examples describes an action performed by the federal government? a. Collecting property taxes to fund public schools b. Establishing trade agreements with other nations c. Determining zoning guidelines for urban development d. Raising sales taxes on major goods

b. Establishing trade agreements with other nations

Which of the following most contributed to Japan's rise as an industrial power in the late nineteenth century? a. Acquiring natural resources from China b. Establishing trade with the United States c. Joining a military alliance with Germany d. Annexing territories from Russia

b. Establishing trade with the United States

Which of the following rights did Thomas Jefferson believe John Adams violated when he signed the Alien and Sedition Acts into law? a. The right to bear arms b. Freedom of the press c. The right to assemble peacefully d. Unreasonable searches and seizures

b. Freedom of the Press

Which of the following best defines opportunity cost? a. Allocating federal taxes to improve the economy b. Gaining one item out of two by giving up the second item c. Having limited resources to produce goods for market d. Allocating funds for the manufacture of a specific product

b. Gaining one item out of two by giving up the second item

Which of the following statements best describes gender role? a. Gender role is the sex group (male or female) to which the individual belongs. b. Gender role consists of the set of behaviors society considers appropriate for each sex group. c. Gender role consists of actions taken by individuals to eliminate gender stereotypes. d. Gender role consists of fixed, culturally invariant expectations for each sex group.

b. Gender role consists of the set of behaviors society considers appropriate for each sex group.

Which of the following best describes the motivation for the reformer Martin Luther? a. he originally sought to develop and new form of Christianity separate from the Catholic Church b. He tried to reform the Catholic Church because he was unhappy with its teachings and its corruption c. he was influenced by European political leaders, who used him to limit the power of the church d. he tried to topple the Catholic Church, believing it have become too corrupt

b. He tried to reform the Catholic Church because he was unhappy with its teachings and its corruption

The Ring of Fire region is best known for which of the following characteristics? a. Slash-and-burn agriculture b. High levels of seismic activity c. Severe drought conditions d. High number of wildfires

b. High levels of seismic activity

Which of the following issues did the Three-Fifths Compromise at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 resolve? a. How to determine the number of senators granted each state in the Congress b. How to account for slaves for both the purposes of representation of states in the House of Representatives and of taxation of states by the national government c. How to determine federal compensation to states that forfeited western land claims d. How to determine how the revenue from tariffs on imported goods would be distributed between the federal government and the states

b. How to account for slaves for both the purposes of representation of states in the House of Representatives and of taxation of states by the national government

Which of the following did Thomas Malthus theorize? a. An increase in population will stimulate society to increase food production. b. If left unchecked, a population will exhaust its available resources, resulting in naturally occurring checks on the population, such as famine, disease, and war. c. Overpopulation can lead to unsuitable farming practices that may degrade the land. d. Optimum population is achieved when the number of people working with available resources produces the highest economic return, resulting in the highest standard of living.

b. If left unchecked, a population will exhaust its available resources, resulting in naturally occurring checks on the population, such as famine, disease, and war.

Which of the following most contributed to the growth of factory production in the United States during the early 1800s? a. Rise in labor union membership b. Introduction of new technologies c. Creation of vocational programs d. Increase in government regulations

b. Introduction of new technologies

The correspondence between which of the following couples, in which the wife urged her husband, "Remember the ladies," is viewed by historians as an early illustration of the interest and activism of women in national policy? a. George and Martha Washington b. John and Abigail Adams c. James and Dolley Madison d. Andrew and Rachel Jackson

b. John and Abigail Adams

Which of the following rulers was most responsible for ending the persecution of Christians in Ancient Rome? a. Alexander the Great b. Julius Caesar c. Constantine d. Nero

b. Julius Caesar

Which of the following established the concept of judicial review? a. the John Peter Zenger trial b. Marbury v. Madison c. the Dred Scott case d. the Scopes Monkey Trial

b. Marbury v. Madison

Which of the following colonies was established as a haven for English Catholics? a. Massachusetts b. Maryland c. South Carolina d. New Hampshire

b. Maryland

Which colony had the highest proportion of German settlers during the colonial period? a. Massachusetts b. Pennsylvania c. New York d. Virginia

b. Pennsylvania

Which of the following regions is the vast, cold, dry region of eastern Russia? a. Beringia b. Siberia c. The Ural Mountains d. The Baltic coast

b. SIberia

-Boston Tea Party -Boston Massacre -Intolerable Acts The actions listed contributed to which of the following events? a. The French and Indian War b. The American Revolution c. The Proclamation of 1763 d. The War of 1812

b. The American Revolution

Which of the following physical features provided a natural barrier against the growth of British colonies in North America? a. The Gulf of Mexico b. The Appalachian Mountains c. The Mississippi River d. The Rocky Mountains

b. The Appalachian Mountains

Which of the following documents was the initial attempt by the American colonists to establish an independent government? a. The Bill of Rights b. The Articles of Confederation c. The Declaration of Independence d. The Constitution of the United States

b. The Articles of Confederation

Which of the following reasons explains why Russia withdrew from the First World War? a. The Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated. b. The Bolshevik Revolution started. c. Nicolas II was crowned czar. d. Warsaw was captured by Germany.

b. The Bolshevik Revolution started

Which of the following events had the greatest impact on the size of the United States? a. The Gadsden Purchase b. The Louisiana Purchase c. The Oregon Treaty d. The annexation of Texas

b. The Louisiana Purchase

Which of the following accurately compares two ancient civilizations? a. The Egyptians and Aztecs both practiced monotheistic religions. b. The Sumerian civilization used cuneiform, and the Egyptians used hieroglyphics. c. The Phoenicians traded mostly by land routes, and the Chinese traded mostly by sea routes. d. The Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations lacked reliable sources of water.

b. The Sumerian civilization used cuneiform, and the Egyptians used hieroglyphics.

Which of the following is one governmental power established by the Articles of Confederation? a. The creation of an equitable system of taxation b. The ability to negotiate with foreign governments c. The establishment of a powerful executive branch d. The establishment of a system of national courts

b. The ability to negotiate with foreign governments

Which of the following factors most increased cultural diversity within the United States during the early nineteenth century? a. The relocation of American Indians in western territories b. The arrival of European immigrants in urban areas c. The migration of African Americans to northern cities d. The arrival of Asian workers to build railroads

b. The arrival of European immigrants in urban areas

Which of the following is a key component in determining the economic growth of a country? a. The landmass of the country b. The per capita national output c. The amount of natural resources d. The size of the country's population

b. The per capita national output

During the era of classical civilizations, which of the following primarily drove interaction between the Roman and Han empires? a. Religious conversion b. Trade in luxury goods c. Common interest in Daoism d. Geopolitical rivalry

b. Trade in luxury goods

The Meiji Restoration was a. a Japanese attempt to restore traditional Japanese cultural practices b. a period of modernization and westernization in Japan c. the early stage of Japanese imperialism in Asia, which it invaded Korea d. a cultural movement in Japan to restore Shintoism and traditional poetry

b. a period of modernization and westernization in Japan

Which of the following emerged during World War 1? a. penicillin b. aircraft carriers c. radar d. nuclear power

b. aircraft carriers

The Russian people's interest in acquiring and wearing American blue jeans is an example of a. cultural diversity b. cultural diffusion c. cultural adaptation d. acculturation

b. cultural diffusion

Antitrust law strengthens market forces to prevent monopolies. Which of the following terms best describes the implementation of antitrust law? a. social regulation b. economic regulation c. health regulation d. social security

b. economic regulation

which of the following terms describes the economic principle of allowing industry to grow without any government intervention? a. interdependence b. free-market economy c. communism d. monopoly

b. free-market economy

A map of France shows a small box around Nice. Nice is portrayed in greater detail in a box at the bottom. Which of the following terms describes this box? a. legend b. inset c. compass d. insert

b. inset

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the executive branch? a. approving laws b. making laws c. implementing laws d. enforcing laws

b. making laws only Congress can make laws

Russia built its empire by a. strengthening its navy to colonize overseas b. overland expansion, moving eastward into Asia and Siberia, and westward expansion into Europe c. remaining isolated, avoiding expansion and focusing on industrialization instead d. converting Asian peoples from Islam to Russian Orthodox Christianity

b. overland expansion, moving eastward into Asia and Siberia, and westward expansion into Europe

While the Crusades enriched Europe in many ways, they did NOT a. bring new knowledge to the West b. result in lasting land gains c. provide religious indulgences for crusaders d. offer the opportunity to gain personal wealth

b. result in lasting land gains European powers controlled some areas in the Levant, but only temporarily

An agricultural town experiences a drought and is not able to produce as many crops as it typically does. As a result, the farmers are unable to provide grocery stores the amount of products they had promised. Which of the following economic situations does the scenario create? a. Competition b. Scarcity c. Opportunity cost d. Absolute advantage

b. scarcity

During FDR's terms in office, which of the following was created? a. medicare b. social security c. the Federal Reserve d. all of the above

b. social security

Which of the following is an example of human geography? a. studying climate b. studying the spread of Christianity across the world b. studying the effect of land features on animals and plants d. studying continental movement over a period of time

b. studying the spread of Christianity across the world

Which of the following events is recognized as the beginning of the American Civil War? a. the battle of Palmito Ranch b. the Battle of Fort Sumter c. the Missouri Compromise d. the Battle of Yorktown

b. the Battle of Fort Sumter

Which of the following events contributed to the United States entry into World War 2? a. Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare b. the attack on Pearl Harbor c. the battle of Britain d. the Battle of the Buldge

b. the attack on Pearl Harbor

Which of the following is most likely a lasting influence ancient Romans had on modern society? a. the development of direct democracy b. the usage of columns in architecture b. the development of republican democracy d. literacy

b. the development of republican democracy

The power of the Catholic Church was diminished during the Reformation due to a. its unwillingness to protect the indigenous peoples of the Americas b. the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution c. the growth of Islam in Western Europe d. its failure to capture the Holy land during the Crusades

b. the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution

Which of the following major events in US history led to a decline in immigration? a. the immigration Act of 1965 b. the immigration act of 1924 and the great depression c. world war 1, the great depression, and the immigration act of 1924 d. the great depression only

b. the immigration act of 1924 and the great depression

Which of the following does NOT describe gender roles? a. gender roles feature behaviors considered appropriate for each sex by society, which generally acknowledges only male and female b. there is a consensus that gender roles are socially constructed c. gender roles center on the ideas of masculinity and femininity d. prevailing gender roles have been challenged

b. there is a consensus that gender roles are socially constructed

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the ancient Greek civilization? a. Men & women lived in different parts of a house b. they built aqueducts to carry water to public toilets c. Greek cities had an agora d. Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher

b. they built aqueducts to carry water to public toilets

In feudal Europe, serfs were a. enslaved by the lords and knights b. bonded to the land but under the protection of the lords c. forced to fight for the lords d. able to eventually purchase their freedom for the knights in exchange for support fighting

b.bonded to the land but under the protection of the lords

Which of the following amendments prevents the government from quartering troops in private homes? a. 7 b. 4 c. 3 d. 9

c. 3

Which of the following American Civil War battles immediately preceded the issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation? a. Battle of Gettysburg b. Battle of Bull Run c. Battle of Antietam d. Battle of Vicksburg

c. Battle of Antietam

Which of the following forms of government consists of a union of several countries with some or most power shared between them? a. Dictatorship b. Republic c. Confederation d. Monarchy

c. Confederation

Which of the following ancient civilizations used hieroglyphics as a way to communicate? a. Greece b. Rome c. Egypt d. China

c. Egypt

Which of the following is an important provision of the Treaty of Versailles, signed at the end of the First World War? a. Germany maintained control of Alsace-Lorraine. b. Germany's colonial territories achieved independence and were admitted to the League of Nations. c. Germany had to take responsibility for Allied war losses by accepting a "war guilt" clause. d. Russia and the United States agreed to participate in peacekeeping operations under the control of the League of Nations.

c. Germany had to take responsibility for Allied war losses by accepting a "war guilt" clause.

Which of the following are the main religions in Nepal? a.Sikhism and Buddhism b. Buddhism and Confucianism c. Hinduism and Buddhism d. Christianity and Judaism

c. Hinduism and Buddhism

Which of the following is most associated with the Boston Tea Party? a. Impressment of sailors b. Quartering of troops in homes c. Increased taxes on commodities d. Restrictions on due process

c. Increased taxes on commodities

Which of the following describes a significant effect of deforestation in South America? a. Reduction of transportation hubs b. Decreased demand for arable land c. Increased threats to wildlife habitats d. Decrease in foreign trade

c. Increased threats to wildlife habitats

Which of the following presidents expanded the United States space program by establishing the goal of landing astronauts on the Moon? a. Harry S. Truman b. Dwight Eisenhower c. John F. Kennedy d. Gerald Ford

c. JFK

Which of the following historical figures was a major architect of the US Constitution? a. Thomas Jefferson b. George Washington c. James Madison d. Patrick Henry

c. James Madison

-Founded by people who escaped religious persecution in England -Engaged in farming, fishing, and whaling -Led by John Winthrop Which of the following American colonies does the information describe? a. Georgia b. Virginia c. Massachusetts d. Pennsylvania

c. Massachusetts

Which of the following individuals helped end the system of apartheid in South Africa? a. Mohandas Gandhi b. Mother Teresa c. Nelson Mandela d. The Dalai Lama

c. Nelson Mandela

Which of the following statements is consistent with the ideas of Thomas Hobbes and helped to influence the writing of the United States Constitution? a. The power to govern was a divine right granted to kings by God, which people were obliged to accept. b. The power to govern was endowed in individuals who organized a government and decreed communal ownership of the means of production. c. No order exists in a state of nature, and therefore need to surrender some of their power and form a government to create order. d. Government is an evil and corrupting influence and should be replaced by a utopian society based on free w

c. No order exists in a state of nature, and therefore need to surrender some of their power and form a government to create order.

Mercantilism

took raw materials from the territories they controlled for the colonizers own benefit-profitable trading An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

marine climate

warm and rainy from warm ocean winds -includes Western Europe, the British Isles, the US and Canadian Pacific northwest, southern Chile, southern New Zealand, and southeastern Australia

Which of the following statements best describes the reconstruction in the US after the Civil War? a. debates over legalizing slavery were still ongoing b. during its military occupation of the South, the Union developed Black codes to appease disaffected Southern aristocrats who had lost slaves c. Northern troops occupied the South to ensure that laws were being followed and to help reunite the country after the Civil War d. President Lincoln led reconstruction efforts

c. Northern troops occupied the South to ensure that laws were being followed and to help reunite the country after the Civil War

Which of the following contributed to a decline in the prices of farm goods in the late-nineteenth-century United States? a. Shortages of agricultural machinery caused by labor strikes b. Shortages of arable land c. Overproduction of agricultural products d. The aftermath of the Civil War

c. Overproduction of agricultural products

Which of the following characteristics best describes the New England colonies? a. Rich farmland and humid climate b. Good harbors and moderate climate c. Rocky terrain and cold winters d. Coastal lowlands and moderate winters

c. Rocky terrain and cold winters

Which of the following is a responsibility of the executive branch? a. Ratifying proposed amendments to the Constitution b. Declaring war on countries that threaten national security c. Signing proposed bills into law d. Declaring laws that infringe on personal freedoms unconstitutional

c. Signing proposed bills into law

What did the United States Supreme Court conclude in its 1857 ruling on the Dred Scott case? a. The importation of slaves from Africa was illegal. b. Slaves were free once their owners took them to free states. c. Slaves had no legal right to sue for their freedom. d. Slaves could be freed once their owners died.

c. Slaves had no legal right to sue for their freedom.

Which of the following is the best example of how humans impact topography? a. Using technology to predict earthquakes b. Mapping a local river system c. Strip-mining an area for minerals d. Migrating from rural to urban areas

c. Strip-mining an area for minerals

Which of the following is associated with the relocation of Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma? a. The Dawes Act b. The Adams-Onis Treaty c. The Trail of Tears d. The Great Migration

c. The Trail of Tears

Which of the following statements is correct about the Battles of Lexington and Concord? a. The battles convinced the French to aid the Continental army. b. General Washington crossed the Potomac to engage in the battles. c. The battles marked the start of the war with Great Britain. d. General Cornwallis agreed to surrender after the battles.

c. The battles marked the start of the war with Great Britain

Which of the following was a reaction by the American public to tensions created by the Cold War? a. A decline in entrepreneurship b. The mass migration of minorities to rural areas c. The construction of private bomb shelters d. A reduction in consumer spending

c. The construction of private bomb shelters

Which of the following elements is contained in the United States Constitution but not in the Articles of Confederation? a. A process to propose and approve amendments b. The power for Congress to declare war c. The establishment of an executive branch d. A unicameral legislative structure

c. The establishment of an executive branch

Which of the following changes would most likely occur in a community with high rates of immigration? a. The reduction of small business revenues b. A decline in religious observances c. The establishment of new cultural festivals d. An increase in zoning regulations

c. The establishment of new cultural festivals

Which of the following regions has the greatest frequency of tornadoes? a. The Middle East b. The east coast of Australia c. The midwestern United States d. The Far East

c. The midwestern United States

Which of the following is true of the effect of high tariffs on an economy in the long run? a. They increase the market for exports. b. They decrease employment in the industries protected by the tariff. c. They benefit some groups at the expense of others. d. They encourage industries protected by the tariff to be more efficient and competitive.

c. They benefit some groups at the expense of others

Which of the following is considered a right of United States citizenship? a. To obey laws b. To serve on a jury c. To worship freely d. To pay income taxes

c. To worship freely

Which of the following is the most effective method for a farmer to use to minimize the effects of a drought? a. Using greenhouses b. Building terraces c. Using drip irrigation d. Flooding fields

c. Using drip irrigation

Which of the following is required for an individual to cast a ballot in any federal election in the United States? a. Membership in a political party b. A valid driver's license c. Voter registration d. Payment of a poll tax

c. Voter registration

In which of the following types of economies does the government have the most control of the country's resources? a. Traditional b. Free market c. Command d. Mixed

c. command

The kingdom of Mali developed due to its a. control of the trans-Saharan trade routes b. ability to repel Islamic influences c. control over gold and salt resources d. control of the trans-Sharan slave trade

c. control over gold and salt resources

During the 1884 Berlin Conference, European imperial powers a. negotiated trade agreements with important Chinese cities b. established Apartheid in South Africa c. determined which parts of Africa would be controlled by which European powers d. formed the triple alliance

c. determined which parts of Africa would be controlled by which European powers

the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Which of the following amendments to the Constitution contains this text? a. Thirteenth b. Fourteenth c. Fifteenth d. Nineteenth

c. fifteenth

Which TWO of the following natural resources were European explorers trying to acquire during the early exploration of North America? A.Platinum B.Zinc C.Gold D.Iron E.Silver F.Ivory

c. gold e. silver

Which of the following is a significant contribution of ancient China? a. Mahjong b. toothbrushes c. gunpowder d. the animal zodiac

c. gunpowder

which of the following describes a significant effect of the depletion of the ozone layer? a. people get darker skin b. more UV rays enter the earth c. increased skin cancer rates, build-up of greenhouse gases, and increased UV levels d. increased build up of green house gases

c. increased skin cancer rates, build-up of greenhouse gases, and increased UV levels

Luther and Barbara wanted to start a business in the engineering field. They were trying to decide between hiring one staff member and using the leftover money to purchase new inventory, or hiring two staff members to increase their marketing reach. These choices would be an example of a. needs b. scarcity c. opportunity cost d. supply and demand

c. opportunity cost

which of the following cannot shift a demand curve? a. changes in income b. price of related goods c. production costs d. consumer tastes

c. production costs

Which of the following is a shared power between state and federal governments? a. Making treaties with nations b. Appointing local judges c. Raising taxes d. Passing city ordinances

c. raising taxes

Which of the following is NOT an example of human geography? a. studying the importance of trade among Central American countries b. examining regional differences in cuisine around the world c. studying the distribution of flora and fauna in North America d. deciding whether to build retail outlets based on local population

c. studying the distribution of flora and fauna in North America

which of the following periods contributed to advancements of mathematics in ancient Greece? a. the Classical period (500-226 BC) b. the Early Bronze Age (2900-2000 BC) c. the Hellenistic period (336-146 BC) d. the Archaic period (750-500 BC)

c. the Hellenistic period (336-146 BC)

In South America, how was the Inca Empire able to consolidate its power? a. the Inca used advance military technology to conquer neighboring peoples b. the Inca converted people to their own religion, gaining followers and loyal subjects c. the Inca used their mastery of high altitude transportation to expand their empire d. the Inca grew their empire by bringing in migrants from other parts of South America

c. the Inca used their mastery of high altitude transportation to expand their empire

While the beginning of the Second World War is usually understood to be Hitler's invasion of Poland, some scholars date it back even earlier. Which of the following events do some scholars identify as the beginning of World War 2? a. the Rape of Nanjing b. the Japanese takeover of Korea c. the Japanese invasion of Manchuria d. the Chinese Civil War

c. the Japanese invasion of Manchuria

Which of the following effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise? a. the Dred Scott decision b. the Compromise of 1850 c. the Kansas-Nebraska Act d. the fugitive slave act

c. the Kansas-Nebraska Act

the Intolerable Acts included all of the following except a. the Boston port act b. the quartering act c. the alien and sedation acts d. the Massachusetts government act

c. the alien and sedation acts

which of the following best describes an independent variable? a. the amount of paint a painter needs to paint a room b. the number of errors a student gets on a test c. the dosage and timing of an anti-inflammatory drug to test its impact d. how much time it takes to drive between Houston and San Antonio

c. the dosage and timing of an anti-inflammatory drug to test its impact

Which of the following constitutional amendments is NOT considered part of the Bill of Rights? a. the right the bear arms b. the right to address witnesses arranged by the government when on trial c. the right to equal protection under law d. freedom of speech

c. the right to equal protection under law this is the 14th amendment

Which of the following are the most common geological threats to the country of Mexico? a. Hurricanes and tsunamis b. Tornadoes and blizzards c. Volcanoes and earthquakes d. Tsunamis and landslides

c. volcanoes and earthquakes