PREP U, chapter 4

hep E

Which of the following Hepatitis viruses is not transmissible by blood?

Use of antiseptic mouth rinse Biofilm removal by the patient

Which of the following are pre-procedural oral hygiene measure(s) to control the spread of microorganisms?

use of antiseptic mouth rinse biofilm removal by the patient

Which of the following are pre-procedural oral hygiene measure(s) to control the spread of microorganisms?

a and c only

Which of the following diseases may pose a risk to patients and dental healthcare personnel?

whether the disease has penetrated the infected individual's lymph nodes

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the transmission of tuberculosis?

Kaposi's sarcoma

Which of the following is considered an AIDS-defining lesion?

Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

Attachment loss of 6mm in a period of 6 months would not be unusual for a patient with HIV and what oral manifestation?

necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

Attachment loss of 6mm in a period of 6 months would not be unusual for a patient with HIV and what oral manifestation?

Candidiasis Psuedomenbranous Hairy leukoplakia Erythematous

Which of the following lesions are strongly associated with HIV infection? Select all that apply.

hep E

Which of the following pathogens is not transmissible by the oral cavity?

all of the above

Which of the following symptoms occurs in early HIV disease?

hep B human herpes virus herpes simple virus

Which of the following viruses are transmissible by the oral cavity? Select all that apply.

CMV

Which transmissible disease is associated with periapical pathosis and increased severity in periodontal diseases?

2 positive tests at least 6 months apart

A chronic carrier of HBV is an individual with HBV serum positive bloodwork results of what frequency?

HIV

A dental hygiene patient presents with unresolved gingivitis with a distinct erythmic band at the free gingival margin extending apically 3mm. This linear gingival erythema is consistent with what transmissible disease?

HIV

A patient lists retrovir in the medications section of their health history form. The dental hygienist should know this patient takes the medication for what condition?

HIV

A patient lists zidovudine in the medications section of their health history form. The dental hygienist should know this patient takes the medication for what condition?

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

A patient presents to the dental hygiene clinic with painful vesicular lesions on the gingiva, mucosa, and tongue; and lymphadenopathy. The patient has had trouble eating and pharyngitis for the past five (5) days. The patient is most likely experiencing which condition?

oral hairy leukoplakia/Epstein-Barr

A patient presents to the dental hygiene clinic with white linear patches along the lateral border of the tongue. The patient is most likely experiencing _________, caused by the _________ virus.

HIV

A patient presents with lineral gingival erythema that has not responded to improved oral hygiene and non-surgical periodontal therapy. The patient should be referred to their medical provider for testing for which virus?

95

A patient with suspected active TB presents to the dental clinic for urgent dental care. A N____ filtration mask is required for respiratory protection of the dental providers.

200

AIDS is defined when the CD4 lymphocyte cell count falls below?

fomite

An inanimate object or material on which disease-producing agents may be conveyed is a/an _______?

true

Atypical gingival changes may be an initial indicator of undiagnosed HIV infection.

20

Between patients, waterlines should be flushed for a minimum of ______ seconds.

primary HIV infection

CD4 lymphocyte counts at more than 500 occur during which stage of HIV infection?

true

Candidiasis may be a predictor of the development of full-blown AIDS in untreated patients within two (2) years.

cytomegalovirus

Children in day care facilities have a high risk of contacting which infection?

true

Dental professionals with accurate and current evidence-based information can provide HIV-infected patients with treatment and support through community health programs.

anergy

Diminished reactivity to specific antigens (even when infected with the organism) that is due to immunosupression is known as what?

early symptomatic HIV disease

During this stage of HIV infection, the CD4 lymphocytes will range from 200-500 cells.

all of above

EBV is responsible for which infection(s)?

Herpes Lymphotropic Virus

Encephalitis and febrile seizures are a complication of which herpes virus?

primary HIV infection

Flu-like symptoms associated with HIV infection will appear in which stage of infection?

true

HBV is transmissible on inanimate surfaces.

fever blisters cold sores

Herpes labialis is commonly knows as _________?

false

Herpes simplex type 1 and herpes simplex type 2 have been indicated in the development of oral cancer.

both are true

Herpes virus-positive periodontitis lesions involving CMV, EBV, and other herpes viruses have higher levels of periodontopathic bacteria. Subgingival overgrowth of opportunistic periodontal pathogens can occur and periodontal disease symptoms can be more severe.

both true

Herpes viruses occur in periodontal pockets in relatively high prevalence. Sulcular epithelium can serve as a reservoir for these viruses.

Reducing oral pain and discomfort Reducing susceptibility to opportunistic oral infections

I what way(s) can maintaining good oral hygiene can improve quality of life for a patient with HIV? Select all that apply.

first is true, second is false

Immunity is the resistance that a person has against disease. Active immunity is short-term immunity that is either naturally attained or attained by transplacental transfer from mother to fetus.

both statements are true

Immunity is the resistance that a person has against disease. Passive immunity is short-term immunity that is either naturally attained or attained by transplacental transfer from mother to fetus.

true false

Immunity is the resistance that a person has against disease. Passive immunity results in the production of antibodies and lasts for multiple years.

-careless hand washing -inadequate sterilization -unhygienic personal habits

Inadvertent transmission of disease to susceptible patients or to dental professionals may happen due to which of the following? Select all that apply.

false

Inanimate surfaces with blood containing HCV is a significant risk for transmission in the health care setting.

HIV

Linear gingival erythema occurs independently of oral hygiene status in the presence of which viral infection?

true

Manifestations of HIV range from mild abnormalities in immune response without apparent signs and symptoms to a variety of life-threatening infections and malignant conditions.

EBV

Mononucleosis and parotid gland cysts are consistent with infection from which virus?

true

Patients with HIV/AIDS are protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act.

true

Periodontal disease presents more severely and progresses more rapidly in conjunction with HIVinfection

false

Periodontal infections do not progress faster in a patient with an HIV infection than in a healthy patient.

first is true, second is false

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis is typically asymptomatic. It presents with widespread oral ulcers that may involve the pharyngeal area.

measles virus (morbillivirus)

Rubeola is caused by which pathogen ?

2

Spatter particles usually fall within ____ feet of their origin.

false

The HBV vaccination will not prevent infection from other Hepatitis viruses.

secondary prevention

The goal of which HIV prevention step is to reduce the rate of HIV transmission?

false true

The latency of HSV2 can be eradicated. Antiviral drug therapy can suppress HSV2 lesions in the oral cavity.

first if false, second is true

The latency of HSV2 can be eradicated. Antiviral drug therapy can suppress HSV2 lesions in the oral cavity.(true, false)

false

The presence of HIV related oral manifestations does not serve as a marker of disease progression.

hep E

There is a worldwide effective vaccination against herpes virus diseases.

false

There is a worldwide effective vaccination against herpes virus diseases. (true, false)

Oral lesions Opportunistic infections

Which begins to occur during early symptomatic HIV infection? Select all that apply.

HHV7

Which herpes virus exists in high prevalence in both infected periodontal tissue and healthy gingival tissue?

standard precautions

What has nearly eliminated the incidence of herpetic whitlow in dental professionals?

detection of antibodies in the blood

What occurs within 6 weeks to 6 months after exposure to HIV?

decreased oral pain and discomfort improved quality of life reducing susceptibility of oral opportunistic infections

What outcomes are possible for the HIV paitent with good oral hygiene? Select all that apply.

-fluoride therapy -oral hygiene instructions -frequent dental hygiene recalls

What should be included in the dental hygiene treatment plan for all patients with HIV/AIDS? Select all that apply.

Fluoride therapy Oral hygiene instructions Frequent dental hygiene recalls

What should be included in the dental hygiene treatment plan for all patients with HIV/AIDS? Select all that apply.

all of above

What should be included in treatment documentation for a patient with an infectious disease?

HAART

What treatment for HIV/AIDS combines several antiviral medications and is more effective than monotherapy.

retrovir

What was the first drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS?

immune response from HBV vaccination

What would the presence of Hepatitis Bs antigen antibodies on a HBV titer indicate?

Decreased immunity High prevalence of viruses in periodontal pockets

Why are symptoms typically more severe in periodontal patients with a history of herpes viral infections? Select all that apply.

true

there is a vaccination for tuberculosis (true or false)

T-helper cells

what cells are primary target for HIV infection ?