Art Chapter 6-10

Matrix

The block of metal, wood, stone, or other material an artist works to create a print

camera obscura

dark room

Cartoon

humorous or satirical drawing

registration

in color printmaking or machine printing, the process of aligning the impressions of blocks or plates on the same sheet of paper.

photography

light writing

How would you describe the position of George Washington's head on the one dollar bill?

portraits on paper money are 3/4 view

Why do artists make drawings?

1) As a record of something seen, remembered, or imagined. 2)As a study of preparation for another, usually longer and more complex work. 3)As an end in itself, a complete work of art.

What are the two principal categories of drawing media, give examples?

1) Dry Media - pencil, charcoal, conte crayon, pastel 2)Liquid Media- ink and paint

What are the three basic ingredients of paint?

1) Pigment - a fine powder that provides color 2)Binder- a sticky substance that holds the pigment together and attaches it to the surface 3) Vehicle- makes the paint a liquid

Why do artist make prints, explain 3 main purposes?

1) To make works that are less expensive, so their work is more available to purchase by a wider group of viewers. 2) Influence social causes - multiple works are easy to distribute more widely 3)may be fascinated by the process

What are the 5 principal techniques of printmaking?

1)Relief 2)Intaglio 3)Lithography 4)Stencil 5)Screenprinting

Conte Crayon

A drawing medium created in the late 18th century similar to pencil in its graphite content. Made of clay and small amounts of wax.

Gesso

A mixture of glue and chalk, thinned with water and applied as a ground before painting with oil or egg tempura.

Fresco

A painting technique in which pigments suspended in water is applied to a damp plaster surface.

relief printmaking

A printing technique in which the parts of the printing surface that carry ink are left raised, while the remaining areas are cut away.

Hatching

A technique used in drawing and printmaking, in which lines are places in parallel series to darken the value of an area.

Wash

A thin, transparent layer of paint or ink.

Encaustic

A type of painting in which pigment is suspended in a binder of hot wax.

Ground

The background in two-dimensional works, the area around the between figures.

How has 20th century technology affected painting?

Acrylic and airbrushes were created. Permanent, acrylic paint can be applied to a wider variety of surfaces.

Gouache

An opaque, water-soluble paint

Intaglio

Any printmaking technique in which lines and areas to be inked are recessed below the surface of the printing plate

Are today's artists using drawing in a way similar to artists in the past?

Artists have expanded the definitions and uses of drawings. Many use it in combination with other media.

What advantages does oil have over other traditional media?

It has a slower drying time making it easier for the artist to make changes. It also has greater transparency.

Offset lithography

Lithographic printing by indirect image transfer from photomechanical plates. The plate transfers ink to a rubber-covered cylinder, which "offsets" the ink into the paper.

How are todays artist varying traditional techniques?

They have taken on new types of print material and digital technology. Third dimension artworks as well.

screenprinting

a printmaking technique in which stencils are applied to fabric stretched across a frame. Paint or ink is forced with a squeegee through the unblocked portions of the screen onto paper or another surface beneath.

photography became possible when scientists discovered..

certain chemicals were sensitive to light