Prep U Fluid/Electrolytes

A client who is recovering from gastric surgery is receiving IV fluids to be infused at 100 mL/hour. The IV tubing delivers 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should infuse the solution at a flow rate of how many drops per minute to ensure that the client receives 100 mL/hour? Record your answer using a whole number. _____________ gtt/minute

25

A nurse is amending a patient's plan of care in light of the fact that the patient has recently developed ascites. What should the nurse include in this patient's care plan? Mobilization with assistance at least 4 times daily Administration of beta-adrenergic blockers as ordered Vitamin B12 injections as ordered Administration of diuretics as ordered

Administration of diuretics as ordered

Major control over the extracellular concentration of potassium within the human body is exerted by insulin and Aldosterone Albumin Progesterone Testosterone

Aldosterone

Which hormone causes the kidney to reabsorb sodium? Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Aldosterone Growth hormone Prostaglandins

Aldosterone

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of fluid volume excess (FVE)? Select all that apply. Distended neck veins Crackles in the lung fields Shortness of breath Decreased blood pressure Bradycardia

Distended neck veins Crackles in the lung fields Shortness of breath

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client with a neuroblastoma who has been receiving chemotherapy for the last 4 weeks. His laboratory test results indicate a Hgb of 12.5 g/dL (125 g/L), HCT of 36.8% (0.37), WBC of 2000 mm3 (2 X 109/L), and platelet count of 150,000/μL (150 X 109/L). Based on the child's values, what is the highest priority nursing intervention? Encourage meticulous hand washing by the client and visitors. Prepare to give the child a transfusion of platelets. Encourage mouth care with a soft toothbrush. Prepare to give the child a transfusion of packed red blood cells.

Encourage meticulous hand washing by the client and visitors.

A client with chronic renal failure is admitted with a heart rate of 122 beats/minute, a respiratory rate of 32 breaths/minute, a blood pressure of 190/110 mm Hg, jugular vein distention, and bibasilar crackles. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for this client? Electrolyte disturbance Urinary retention Excess fluid volume Toileting self-care deficit

Excessive fluid volume

Which of the following actions helps the nurse to determine the quality of the skin turgor? Grasping the skin Inspecting the palmar surface Placing the dorsum of the hand on the surface of the skin Palpating the skin

Grasping the skin

A client is scheduled for a creatinine clearance test. What should the nurse do? Instruct the client about the need to collect urine for 24 hours. Prepare to insert an indwelling urethral catheter. Provide the client with a sterile urine collection container. Instruct the client to force fluids to 3,000 mL/day.

Instruct the client about the need to collect urine for 24 hours.

Which of the following solutions is a crystalloid solution that has the same osmotic pressure as that found within the cells of the body and is used to expand the intravascular volume? Hypertonic Colloid Isotonic Hypotonic

Isotonic

A client who has been taking furosemide has a serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. Which assessment findings by the nurse would confirm an electrolyte imbalance? Muscle weakness and a weak, irregular pulse Diarrhea and cramps Tetany and tremors Mental status changes and poor tissue turgor

Muscle weakness and a weak, irregular pulse

You are working in a long-term care facility with a group of older adults with cardiac disorders. Why would it be important for you to closely monitor an older adult receiving digitalis preparations for cardiac disorders? Older adults are at increased risk for toxicity. Older adults are at increased risk for cardiac arrests. Older adults are at increased risk for hyperthyroidism. Older adults are at increased risk for asthma

Older adults are at increased risk for toxicity.

Which of the following can be used for rehydration therapy for diarrheal disorders? Sports drinks Oral rehydration solution (ORS) Undiluted apple juice Gelatin

Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide (Lasix) to a client with severe heart failure. What lab study should be of most concern for this client while taking Lasix? BNP of 100 Sodium level of 135 Hemoglobin of 12 Potassium level of 3.1

Potassium level of 3.1

Which of the following describes the amount of blood presented to the ventricle just before systole? Afterload Preload Ejection fraction Stroke volume

Preload

Which symptom is an early indication that the client's serum potassium level is below normal? diarrhea sticky mucous membranes muscle weakness in the legs tingling in the fingers

muscle weakness in the legs

A client has been admitted with severe burns. Lactated Ringer's has been ordered to infuse via a pump. Why is this solution being used? To prevent signs of hypovolemic shock and restore circulation To maintain appropriate glucose levels in the blood To restore sodium stores that were lost from the burns To improve skin integrity and maintain a barrier

To prevent signs of hypovolemic shock and restore circulation

A patient presents to the ED complaining of left flank pain and lower abdominal pain. The pain is severe, sharp, stabbing, and colicky in nature. The patient has also experienced nausea and emesis. The nurse suspects the patient is experiencing which of the following? Ureteral stones Pyelonephritis Cystitis Infection of the urethra

Ureteral stones

Which food should the nurse teach a client with heart failure to limit when following a 2-gram sodium diet? apples canned tomato juice whole wheat bread beef tenderloin

canned tomato juice

The health care provider's (HCP's) prescription for an intravenous infusion is 3% normal saline to infuse at 125 mL/h. The client's most recent sodium level is 132 mEq/L (132 mmol/L). The nurse should: hang 0.9% Normal Saline at 125 mL/h. start the IV solution as prescribed. consult the prescriber about the prescription. hang the IV solution prescribed at 62 mL/h.

consult the prescriber about the prescription.

During a follow-up visit to the physician, a client with hyperparathyroidism asks the nurse to explain the physiology of the parathyroid glands. The nurse states that these glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH maintains the balance between calcium and: sodium. potassium. magnesium. phosphorus.

phosphorus

A patient with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir (Zovirax). To ensure early intervention, the nurse monitors laboratory values and urine output for which of the following adverse reactions? Musculoskeletal Integumentary Hepatic Renal

renal

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of diabetes insipidus? Low urine output Excessive thirst Weight gain Excessive activities

excessive thirst

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is prescribed for a client who has recently had a significant small and large bowel resection and is currently not taking anything by mouth. The nurse should: administer TPN through a nasogastric or gastrostomy tube. handle TPN using strict aseptic technique. auscultate for bowel sounds prior to administering TPN. designate a peripheral intravenous (IV) site for TPN administration.

handle TPN using strict aseptic technique.

After a head injury, a child experiences enuresis, polydipsia, and weight loss. Based on these findings, the nurse should monitor closely for signs and symptoms of: hypercalcemia. hyperglycemia. hyponatremia. hypokalemia.

hypokalemia

The nurse monitors the serum electrolyte levels of a client who is taking digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance is a common cause of digoxin toxicity? hyponatremia hypomagnesemia hypocalcemia hypokalemia

hypokalemia

Patients diagnosed with hypervolemia should avoid sweet or dry food because it obstructs water elimination. it increases the patient's desire to consume fluid. it can cause dehydration. it can lead to weight gain.

it increases the patient's desire to consume fluid.

In a client with chronic bronchitis, which sign would lead the nurse to suspect right-sided heart failure? Cyanosis of the lips Bilateral crackles Productive cough Leg edema

leg edema

A client who can't tolerate oral feedings begins receiving intermittent enteral feedings. When monitoring for evidence of intolerance to these feedings, the nurse must remain alert for: diaphoresis, vomiting, and diarrhea. manifestations of electrolyte disturbances. manifestations of hypoglycemia. constipation, dehydration, and hypercapnia.

diaphoresis, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Which diagnostic study is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis of heart failure? Electrocardiogram (ECG) Echocardiogram Serum electrolytes Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

echocardiogram