prepU ch 15 Management of Patients with Oncologic Disorders
A client is scheduled for a nerve-sparing prostatectomy. The emotional spouse confides in the nurse that the client will not talk about the cancer and/or upcoming surgery. Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse choose as primary diagnosis for this client?
Fear
A client is receiving radiation therapy and asks the nurse about oral hygiene. What teaching specific to the client's situation should the nurse include?
Use a soft toothbrush and avoid an electronic toothbrush.
Which of the following would be inconsistent as a common side effect of chemotherapy?
Weight gain
Which is a sign or symptom of septic shock?
altered mental status
Which should a nurse thoroughly evaluate before a bone marrow transplant (BMT) procedure?
blood studies
Palliation refers to
relief of symptoms of disease and promotion of comfort and quality of life.
A client with a recent history of GI disturbance has been scheduled for a barium study. The physician ordered this particular test for this client because it will:
show movement of the GI tract.
A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis?
Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication?
Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L
A client with a brain tumor is undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of cancer. The client has recently reported swelling in the gums, tongue, and lips. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Stomatitis
Which oncologic emergency involves the failure in the negative feedback mechanism that normally regulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH)
What should the nurse tell a client who is about to begin chemotherapy and is anxious about hair loss?
The client should consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment.
A 36-year-old man is receiving three different chemotherapeutic agents for Hodgkin's disease. The nurse explains to the client that the three drugs are given over an extended period because:
The three drugs have a synergistic effect and act on the cancer cells with different mechanisms.
A client with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent surgery to remove a malignant tumor in the pancreas. Despite the tumor being removed, the physician informs the client that chemotherapy must be started. Why might the physician opt for chemotherapy?
To prevent metastasis
According to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification system, T0 means there is
No evidence of primary tumor
Which statement by a client undergoing external radiation therapy indicates the need for further teaching?
"I'm worried I'll expose my family members to radiation."
The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia?
"The hair loss is usually temporary."
A patient is scheduled for cryoablation for cervical cancer and tells the nurse, "I am not exactly sure what the surgeon is going to do." What is the best response by the nurse?
"The surgeon is going to use liquid nitrogen to freeze the area."
The oncology nurse is giving chemotherapy to a client in a short stay area. The client confides that they are very depressed. The nurse recognizes depression as which of the following?
A normal reaction to the diagnosis of cancer.
A client is undergoing chemotherapy treatment for prostate cancer and has lost considerable weight due to nausea and vomiting. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the client?
Adjusting the client's meal plan before and after chemotherapy
To combat the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy, a nurse should administer an:
Antiemetic
The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What dietary modifications should the nurse advise?
Avoid spicy and fatty foods.
A client is receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer. Which intervention should be part of this client's care plan?
Avoiding using soap on the irradiated areas
Which occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial space and compresses the heart?
Cardiac tamponade
What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?
Encourage fluid intake to dilute the urine.
A side-effect of chemotherapy is renal damage. To prevent this, the nurse should:
Encourage fluid intake, if possible, to dilute the urine.
A patient will be having an endoscopic procedure with a diagnostic biopsy. What type of biopsy does the nurse explain will remove an entire piece of suspicious tissue?
Excisional biopsy
A nurse is administering daunorubicin through a peripheral I.V. line when the client complains of burning at the insertion site. The nurse notes no blood return from the catheter and redness at the I.V. site. The client is most likely experiencing which complication?
Extravasation
The client is receiving a vesicant antineoplastic for treatment of cancer. Which assessment finding would require the nurse to take immediate action?
Extravasation
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?
Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift
Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant tumor?
It gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels.
A decrease in circulating white blood cells (WBCs) is referred to as
Leukopenia
In which phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
Mitosis
A nurse is caring for a client after a bone marrow transplant. What is the nurse's priority in caring for the client?
Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.
