PrepU Metabolism Quizzes

A client with type 1 diabetes has a highly elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb) test result. In discussing the result with the client, the nurse is most accurate in stating

"It tells us about your sugar control for the last 3 months."

The nurse is checking the laboratory results of an adult client with type 1 diabetes (see chart). What laboratory result indicates a problem that should be managed?

blood glucose

The nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status before surgery. Which observation would indicate poor nutrition in a 5-foot 7-inch (170 cm) female client who is 21 years of age?

brittle nails

A client who is 12 hours post total thyroidectomy reports tingling around the mouth. Which assessment is the priority?

calcium level

A 4-month-old infant is diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism and prescribed levothyroxine. When should the nurse teach the parents to administer the medication?

on an empty stomach

The nurse is caring for a laboring client with pregestational diabetes mellitus who is in active labor. The client reports nausea and "feeling flushed." The nurse notes a fruity odor to the client's breath. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

Obtain the client's blood glucose level.

What important considerations would the nurse make when teaching and caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?

involving the client in the development of the teaching plan and encouraging questions and active participation

The nurse is teaching a client with osteoporosis about optimal dietary choices to reduce the severity of the condition. What instruction should the nurse provide?

"Eat more dairy products such as cheese and yogurt."

During a home visit to a primiparous client 1 week postpartum who is bottle-feeding her neonate, the client tells the nurse that her mother has suggested that she feed the neonate cereal so he will sleep through the night. What would be the nurse's best response?

"Formula is the food best digested by the baby until about 4 to 6 months of age."

A client has received dietary instructions as part of the treatment plan for diabetes type 1. Which statement by the client would alert the nurse of needing additional instructions?

"I can eat whatever I want as long as I cover the calories with sufficient insulin."

A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of kidney stones. The client asks the nurse where the Atkins diet items are on the menu. What is the nurse's understanding of the diagnosis and diet?

A diet high in protein may strain the kidney function.

Which action should a nurse include in the care plan for a 2-month-old infant with heart failure?

Allow the infant to rest before feeding.

A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with diabetes. What is most important for the nurse to include in teaching for prevention of hypoglycemia?

Avoid delaying or skipping meals.

A school nurse is called to assess a 12-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is experiencing lightheadedness, tachycardia, and pallor during physical education class. What is the priority action by the nurse?

Give the child some fruit juice to drink.

Before supper, an adult client who has type 2 diabetes and requires insulin tells the nurse about having tremors and being weak and anxious. What should the nurse do next?

Have the client drink a glass of milk or orange juice.

A nurse explains to a client that the nurse will administer the client's first insulin dose in the client's abdomen. How does absorption at the abdominal site compare with absorption at other sites?

Insulin is absorbed more rapidly at abdominal injection sites than at other sites.

A child is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). During TPN therapy, the most important nursing action is:

monitoring the blood glucose level closely.

A nurse is admitting a female client with anorexia nervosa to an acute care hospital. What action(s) should the nurse take during the admission of the client? Select all that apply.

Provide blankets for sleep Assess for lanugo on the arms and legs Measure blood pressure every shift

A 26-week gestation pregnant woman has completed a 1-hour glucose screening test. What action should the nurse take first if the glucose level is 150 mg/dL (8.3 mmol/L)?

Refer the client for a 3-hour glucose test.

The nurse is admitting a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and left-sided heart failure. Assessment reveals low blood pressure, increased respiratory rate and depth, drowsiness, and confusion. The client reports headache and nausea. Based on the serum laboratory results, how would the nurse interpret the client's acid-base balance?

metabolic acidosis

The nurse is observing a student nurse perform an irrigation of a client's nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action by the student nurse would cause the nurse to stop the procedure?

The student nurse irrigates the NG tube through the blue air vent port.

In evaluating a client's response to nutrition therapy which laboratory test would be of highest priority to examine?

albumin level

A client with diabetes mellitus has had declining renal function over the past several years. Which diet regimen should the nurse recommend to the client on days between dialysis?

a low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water

The nurse is reviewing a client's daily labs. Which lab report would concern the nurse related to the client's risk for skin breakdown?

albumin

A nurse is assessing a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which observation should the nurse report to the physician immediately?

an irregular apical pulse

After a 3-month trial of dietary therapy, a client with type 2 diabetes still has blood glucose levels above 180 mg/dl (9.99mmol/L). The physician adds glyburide, 2.5 mg P.O. daily, to the treatment regimen. The nurse should instruct the client to take the glyburide:

at breakfast.

The nurse judges that the mother has understood the teaching about care of an infant with colic when the nurse observes the mother doing which action?

burping the infant during and after the feeding

A nurse is reviewing home medications for a client recently admitted to a long-term psychiatric unit. The charge nurse asks why this client has frequent blood draws over the next few weeks. The nurse would be correct to state which home medication dosages vary according to the blood levels of the drug?

lithium carbonate

The nurse assesses a child with suspected juvenile hypothyroidism. Which signs or symptoms should the nurse expect this child to manifest?

dry skin and constipation

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has been admitted several times with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes. The child is now stabilized and is preparing for discharge. Which of the following should be the priority focus for the nurse when conducting discharge teaching?

management of the therapeutic regimen

A client is seen in the clinic for newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. Which topics should the nurse include in a client teaching plan? Select all that apply.

high-fiber, low-calorie diet use of stool softeners thyroid hormone replacements

A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution. The nurse should assess a client's ability to metabolize the TPN solution adequately by monitoring the client for which sign?

hyperglycemia

A client who is a painter recently fractured a tibia and can't work. The client worries about finances. To treat the client's anxiety, the physician orders buspirone, 5 mg by mouth three times per day. Which drugs interact with buspirone?

monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors

A client is admitted with a risk for skin breakdown and states to the nurse, "I haven't been eating healthy for the last few months." What would the nurse look for to confirm this risk factor? Select all that apply.

muscle wasting obesity loss of subcutaneous tissue

Laboratory studies indicate a client's blood glucose level is 185 mg/dl (10.2 mmol/L). Two hours have passed since the client ate breakfast. Which test would yield the most conclusive diagnostic information about the client's glucose use?

serum glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c)

A client is diagnosed with a calcium oxylate urolithiasis. The nurse will need to clarify the teaching if the client chooses which menu items?

spinach

The nurse is instructing the client with hypothyroidism who takes levothyroxine 100 mcg, digoxin, and simvastatin. The nurse judges that the teaching regarding the use of these medications is effective if the client will take:

the levothyroxine before breakfast and the other medications 4 hours later.

Early this morning, a client had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, the nurse assesses the client, who now has nausea, a temperature of 105° F (40.5° C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?

thyroid crisis

A nurse is discussing nutrition and weight control with clients during a class about diabetes. Which statement best reflects the purpose of nutritional management of diabetes?

to maintain blood glucose levels close to the normal range to reduce risk for long-term complications

A nurse is instructing a client with newly diagnosed hypoparathyroidism about the regimen used to treat this disorder. The nurse should state that the physician probably will order daily supplements of calcium and

vitamin D.

When evaluating teaching a client how to administer insulin, which action indicates that additional teaching is necessary?

waits 30 minutes to eat breakfast after injecting rapid-acting insulin

A client with diabetes is taking insulin lispro injections. At what time should the nurse advise the client to eat?

within 10 to 15 minutes after the injection.

The nurse administers fat emulsion solution during TPN to a malnourished client. What should the nurse tell the client about the purpose of this solution?

provides essential fatty acids.

An adolescent client is admitted for treatment of anorexia nervosa with a body mass index (BMI) of 13. What is the nurse's priority in planning the care?

Monitor the client's urine output and vital signs.

A child with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the emergency department with hot and dry skin, rapid and deep respirations, and a fruity odor to her breath. Which task, when performed by a new-graduate registered nurse (RN), requires the RN preceptor to intervene?

providing encouragement to the child to drink some orange juice

Immediately after a lumbar laminectomy, the nurse administers ondansetron hydrochloride to the client as prescribed. The nurse determines that the drug is effective when which sign is controlled?

nausea

A client has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and started on synthetic levothyroxine for thyroid replacement therapy. Which effect is the most important to report to the physician?

palpitations and chest pain on exertion

The nurse is caring for a neonate at 38 weeks' gestation when the nurse observes marked peristaltic waves on the neonate's abdomen. After this observation, the neonate exhibits projectile vomiting. The nurse notifies the health care provider (HCP) because these signs are indicative of which problem?

pyloric stenosis

The nurse should instruct a client with heart disease to avoid which foods that contribute to increases in serum cholesterol?

saturated fat

A client with hyperglycemia who weighs 210 lb (95 kg) tells the nurse that their spouse sleeps in another room because the client's snoring keeps the spouse awake. The nurse notices that the client has large hands and a hoarse voice. Which disorder would the nurse suspect as a possible cause of the client's hyperglycemia?

acromegaly