Principals of Bio - exam one

Which of the following are correct regarding caffeine?

It acts as a stimulant to the central nervous system; it interferes with a nerurotransmitter called adenosine to decrease drowsiness; its a pyschoactive drug; it raises the amount of fatty acids and glucose in the blood. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

The majority of the effects of an energy drink are based upon the interaction of which ingredient with the metabolic processes of our bodies?

caffeine

which of the following may be used to regulate the activity of an enzyme?

changes in temperature, feedback inhibition from the product of the reaction, changes in ph levels. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

enzymes work by:

decreasing the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur

which of the following are passive processes?

facilitated diffusion, osmosis, diffusion

which of the following nutrients is packaged into proteins to be transported by the lymphatic system prior to being used by the body?

fats and oils

Which of the following contents of an energy drink is a B vitamin?

folic acid, niacin

which accessory organs interact with the small intestine?

gallbladder, pancreas, liver

Which of the following pathways does not occur in the mitochondria?

glycolysis

all organic nutrients contain which of the following elements? choose best answer

hyrdogen

which of the following is present in a eukaryotic cell but not in a prokaryotic cell?

internal compartments; nucleus; mitochondria

which of the following are correct regarding the concept of entropy? Choose the best answer

it is explained by the second law of thermodynamics

which of the following statements are correct regarding a mitochondrion?

it is the result of an endosymbiotic relationship between ancient bacteria; it is the site of aerobic respiration; it is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells

potential energy and kinetic energy are forms of: Choose the best answer

mechanical energy

which organ is responsible for the majority of the digestion and absorption of nutrients that enter our body?

small intestine

carbohydrates are processed in which of the following locations?

small intestine, mouth, large intestine

which of the following are correct regarding the B vitamins?

some are components of coenzymes such as NAD+ and FAD; they are water-soluble vitamins; some are used in the metabolism of fats and proteins

at this level of structure, the protein often assumes its function within a cell.

tertiary

which of the following pathways generates the majority of the ATP from energy nutrients? choose the best answer.

the electron transport chain

A cell containing 9% sodium chloride is placed in a beaker containing 20% sodium chloride. Which of the following describes the condition of the solution in the beaker in relation to the cell? Choose the best answer.

the solution is hypertonic

the chemical reactivity of an organic molecule is largely determined by which of the following?

the types of functional groups attached to the hydrocarbon chain

which of the following are correct regarding carbohydrates?

they are hyrdophillic

the majority of fats in the diet are

triglycerides

Energy drinks supply organic energy nutrients, such as carbohydrates, for us in the metabolic pathways of cells.

true