Principles of Management and Leadership

Which of the following factors influences the encoding process? Answer: all of these

*The content of the message *The familiarity of the sender and receiver *The sender's personal distractions *The message composition or makeup

Which of the following includes nonverbal communication?

A Skype video conference.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other laws and regulations spell out the consequences for violation of the rules. What kind of reinforcement procedure is this?

Avoidance

Which of the following programs applies the concepts of reinforcement theory?

Behavior modification

Which of the following techniques for resolving conflict is MOST likely to eliminate or reduce the conflict significantly and for a long period of time?

Confrontation

What is the difference between "communication" and "effective communication"?

Consistency of meaning.

Which of the following perspectives on motivation concerns "what" motivates people rather than "how" they are motivated?

Content

Which barrier to communication exists when the sender is NOT considered a reliable source of information?

Credibility

Iphone 3, 4, 4s, and 5 are all available for purchase. The iphone 3 is at which stage of the product life cycle?

Decline

Which of the following individual skills for improving communication is probably most important?

Developing good listening skills.

Idalia works as an entry-level consultant at a management consulting firm. Partners in the firm make about 10 times more salary than do entry-level consultants. Which principle of reward systems is her employer violating?

Distribute rewards fairly throughout the organization.

Eufronio is an executive. Each morning he gets a copy of all the major newspaper articles about his company and its competitors. The type of system he is using is a(n)

ESS.

Which of the following motivational theories is based on the idea that employees compare the treatment they receive relative to others' treatment in order to determine if they are being treated fairly?

Equity

Which of the following is a process theory of motivation?

Equity Theory

A manager has been told that she will get a $50,000 bonus if her team meets their quota. She has also been informed that she will be fired if she does not get her team above last year's total. Which motivation theory is her boss most likely using?

Expectancy theory

A manager who provides reinforcement on a periodic basis, regardless of performance, is using a ____ schedule.

Fixed-interval

Once a quarter Helene tells her employees how they are doing. What schedule of reinforcement is she using?

Fixed-interval

Which of the following reinforcement schedules offers a worker the LEAST incentive to do good work?

Fixed-interval

Abercrombie sells clothing for "tween" girls who are no longer little girls, but not quite teens either. Abercrombie and Fitch is the clothing line for older people. Abercrombie uses a(n) ___ strategy.

Focus

Southwest Airlines does not charge to check up to two bags, which is different than most airlines in the US. Southwest is attempting to retain loyalty among the specific group of customers. This is part of a(n) _____ strategy.

Focus

During which stage of group development do the members begin to try out various forms of behavior in an attempt to test the water and see what will be acceptable in the group?

Forming.

Which of the following is characteristic of a task group?

Has a stated or implied time horizon.

Amelia believes that if she runs longer in practice, she will race faster at meets. Which of the following is true for Amelia?

Her effort-to-performance expectancy is high.

Which of the following combinations of group performance norms and cohesiveness is best from the manager's point of view?

High cohesiveness/high norms

Which of the following is NOT a suggested way for managers to control conflict?

Hiring outsiders to shape up things.

_______ is based on disagreements between two or more individuals in an organization.

Interpersonal conflict

Which type of conflict occurs when there is conflict between two or more roles?

Interrole.

Most Broadway musicals initially do not advertise because there is a large audience that goes to see shows when they open. Where are they on the product life cycle?

Introduction

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a group in an organization?

It has a specific number of people.

Which of the following statements about the grapevine is FALSE?

It is a useful way to transmit confidential information.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oral communication?

It is accurate.

Employees of CNN saw military boats around D.C. and someone said they heard gunfire. CNN reported military action. However, there was no gunfire and the Coast Guard was doing training only. Newspapers the next morning correctly reported the situation. This illustrates which advantage of written communication?

Its accuracy.

Which of the following outlines the organization's purpose, assumptions, values, and direction?

Mission

_____ is the set of forces that cause people to behave in certain ways.

Motivation

Which stage of group development is characterized by the resolution of conflict and the development of roles?

Norming.

Which of the following motivational strategies is used to provide more autonomy and self-direction to workers?

Only empowerment and participation.

A(n) ______ for Choice Waste Management could be to put a flyer in with bills that explains the Dos and Dont's of Recycling and to put the information on the web page where customers pay online. It would develop naturally out of tactical goal "to develop a recycling campaign for rural communities of less than 1000 customers."

Operational Plan.

Al Moore is part of a group that recently formed. He accepted a follower role and let Bill Kline be the leader. Bill has the group focused on goal attainment and functioning well. What stage of development is this group in at the present time?

Performing.

While the customer service trainer is lecturing to the group, Paul is staring out the window, daydreaming. Which type of barrier to communication does this represent?

Poor listening.

Which of the following is characteristic of a business classified as a star by the BCG matrix technique?

Requires large amounts of short-run cash support.

Which of the following is a basic characteristic of an effective reward system?

Rewards are distributed fairly, The rewards system is multifaceted, the rewards satisfy employees' basic needs, and the rewards are comparable to those offered in other organizations. (All of these)

Which of the following factors would not be included in Maslow's physiological needs category?

Safety

Extra funds should be channeled to the ____, which is a product with a high share of a fast-growing market.

Star

When FedEx bought Kinko's, it thought that it could accomplish more combined than it could operating separately. Which advantage of related diversification does this best represent?

Synergy.

Twitter is an example of a(n)

TPS

Which of the following shows the correct order, from the simplest, most basic data, to the most sophisticated and highly aggregated data?

TPS, MIS, DSS, ESS

A(n) ____ goal for Choice Waste Management could be "to develop a recycling campaign for rural communities of less than 1000 customers." It would develop naturally out of a strategic goal "to increase recycling by 10% everywhere."

Tactical

Which of the following is the role in which the group members actually communicate their expectations to a group member?

The sent role.

Which of the following is an example of management by wandering around?

Undercover Boss is a reality show in which CEOs perform entry level jobs incognito in their own companies.

Alberto complimented Daniel on his weekly project update two weeks in a row. Then he waited a month to compliment him again. What reinforcement schedule is he using?

Variable-interval

A credit-card company computer triggers a fraud detection alert anytime the credit card suddenly makes a sharp increases in online purchases. This is an example of which type of reinforcement schedule?

Variable-ratio

If you want to maintain an employee's behavior at a high level with minimum fluctuations in the level of the behavior, which of the following schedules of reinforcement would be most successful?

Variable-ratio

Manish is planning a party. He invites eleven people. What type of network would be most effective?

Wheel

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, when a worker satisfies his or her security needs, what will he or she do next?

Work to satisfy belongingness needs.

The starting point in formulating strategies is usually....

a SWOT analysis.

Firefighters work 24 hour shifts eight times a month. They have

a compressed work schedule.

Effective communication would be most important for...

a pilot transferring control of the aircraft.

The initial public offering for Facebook did not go well. Facebook, Morgan Stanley, and Nasdaq all face litigation. The IPO was a ______ that no one else wants to follow.

a program

American Airlines recalled 211 flight attendants 11 years after they were put on furlough. The recall is part of American Airlines' reorganization during bankruptcy proceedings. The recall is an example of...

a single use plan.

Which of the following is a true statement?

a. Business-level strategy focuses on selling a particular set of products in a particular market. b. Corporate-level strategy is about managing several businesses simultaneously. c. business-level strategy is made by managers at a lower level of the organization hierarchy than is the corporate-level strategy. d. all of these. e. none of these D- All of these.

Which of the following is a common reason for joining a group? Answer: all of these

a. Interpersonal attraction b. Group activities c. Identification with group goals. d. Instrumental benefits from membership e. All of these

Which of the following is typical content of upward communication in organizations? Answer: all of these

a. a request b. information c. a suggestion d. a complaint e. all of these

Which of the following represents major areas of conflict within organizations? Answer: All of these

a. conflict between individuals b. conflict between groups c. conflict between the organization and its environment d. all of these e. only conflict between individuals and conflict between groups.

In comparison to verbal communication, nonverbal communication... Answer: all of these

a. conveys more of the content of the message b. conveys message content in a symbolic way c. conveys message content indirectly d. all of these e. only "conveys more of the content of the message" and "conveys message content in a symbolic way."

Which of the following factors contributes to norm conformity in a group? Answer: All of these

a. individual traits b. situational factors c. factors associated with the group d. the initial stimulus that prompts behavior e. all of these

One of the significant challenges for middle managers in executing tactical plans is....

a. the need for lots of communication horizontally, up, and down the organization hierarchy. b. the need to interact heavily with diverse others. c. the difficulty in ensuring that all of the tactical plans support the overall strategic plan. d. the importance of specifying resources and time frames accurately. e. all of these. E-all of these.

Which of the following is a method of encoding messages? Answer: all of these

a. words b. facial expressions c. gestures d. physical actions e. all of these

Brianna has a goal of living a healthier lifestyle. She improved the foods she eats and is getting more physical activity. She has goal

acceptance.

The EPA was considering two different sticker designs for auto fuel-economy. One design included a letter grade A+ to D, but it was argued that the letter grade fell short because it is imbued with memories people have of school. Others argued that it was simple and easy to understand. The argument comes down to how to get consumers information that is

accurate.

A construction worker injured on the job is on convalescent time-off for five weeks. She can't wait to get back to work and accomplish something. This is a(n) ____ need.

achievement

Thirty-three miners in Chile were trapped underground for months. Authorities could get food and basic necessities to them and they had a video camera to communicate with people above. NASA advised the authorities to keep them busy with tasks. That was to meet their need for

achievement.

A company blog at Wegmans gathers information from a group of people on a topic. For example, everyone who interviewed a prospective job candidate could post their assessment on a blog and comment on each other's observations. This is an example of a(n) ____ communication network.

all channel

If an organization invests large amounts of cash in a SBU classified as a question mark and it subsequently becomes the market leader, the SBU will...

become a star.

Gary retired. He misses his friends from work. Retirement is not fulfilling which level of need in Maslow's hierarchy?

belongingness

Rising Star gymnastics has a team handbook that lays out the policy on using social media. "Use of social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, etc, to defame Rising Star, its Coaches, or other gymnasts will not be tolerated." The handbook policy information is not

complete.

BP took months to stop the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. BP had no ___ in case something went wrong with a deep sea sell.

contingency plans

GE competes in industries ranging from medical devices, to financial services, to turbine engines. GE's mixed strategy is an example of...

corporate-level strategy.

Renu has the customer satisfaction statistics. Renu has

data that requires analyzing and organizing before they will be of value.

Vikranta is reading a policy letter about absences. In terms f the communication process, this is an example of...

decoding.

When Madeline lived in Korea she decided to cook enchiladas. The store she used had sold out of sour cream. Madeline substituted onion chip dip. Madeline's motivation to think creatively began with the store's

deficiency.

The EPA was considering two different sticker designs for auto fuel-economy. One design included a letter grade A+ to D, but it was argued that the letter grade fell short because it is imbued with memories people have of school. Others argued that it was simple and easy to understand. They have the organizational barrier

different perceptions.

Mercedes-Benz sells high quality automobiles at high prices. It uses a(n)...

differentiation strategy.

Princeton Alliance Church has a goal of helping 150 more orphans in Brazil. They need to raise money, build a new facility, hire staff, reach out to children on the street and gain their trust. PAC has goal

difficulty.

When Steve Jobs was CEO of Apple his charisma, marketing skills, and technical vision helped create a(n) _____ at apple that made it the leader in mobile devices.

distinctive competency

Ana is a police detective in a metropolitan police force. She believes that she is just as good a detective as her male counterparts. Because she is female, many of her counterparts assume that she will type up their reports as well as her own. She has been doing this typing for a while and is increasingly feeling under rewarded for her efforts. In terms of ____, she will more than likely decrease her inputs by refusing to do typing for other detectives.

equity theory

Wegmans sends deli employees to France to learn about Cheese. Wegmans is attempting to meet ____ needs.

esteem

Leo showed up late for a meeting. His boss ignored it. She was using

extinction.

A manager who provides reinforcement on the basis of a particular number of behaviors, rather than on the basis of time is using a(n) ___ schedule.

fixed-ratio

A manager who provides reinforcement on the basis of a particular number of behaviors, rather than on the basis of time is using a(n) ____ schedule.

fixed-ratio.

Windmere allows its administrative employees to arrive anytime between 7:00 am and 9:00 am., and leave any time between 4:00 pm and 6:00 pm, as long as they work for eight consecutive hours. This arrangement is known as _____.

flextime

MSNBC covers stories from a left of center political point of view. This appeals to viewers who want this point of view confirmed instead of informed. MSNBC uses a(n) ______ strategy.

focus

When Chandra's delivery drivers are experiencing a great deal of interpersonal conflict, Chandra reminds them that their cooperation with each other is necessary for the continuing profitability of the firm, and therefore, for their job security. Chandra is controlling conflict by...

focusing attention on higher-level goals.

A manager gives her employees a bonus every month in which they exceed their sales quota. This type of incentive pay is known as

gain sharing.

Mona joined the UAW because she thinks it will negotiate a pay increase. She wants to make more money doing the same job. She joined because of...

group goals.

The lowest performance results from...

high cohesiveness and low performance norms.

In terms of group performance, when cohesiveness is _____ and performance norms are _____, the results should be ______ performance.

high; high; high

Twanya is the school counselor responsible for scheduling. In looking at the data she notes student evaluations were periodically low for a professor. Upon further research she notes the evaluations were lowest for all Money and Banking classes ¾considered to be difficult no matter who taught the class. Her initial information was

incomplete.

Increased interdependence ____ the potential for conflict.

increases

Ashish joined a country club, not because he enjoys golf, but because it's a skill he sees as essential to moving up the corporate ladder. He joined for

instrumental benefits.

The shipping department receives the products to be shipped from the production group. These two groups are constantly in conflict with one another, most likely due to

interdependencies.

Drew just joined a group supporting literacy in elementary schools because he knows a teacher in the group is good looking and he wants to meet her. He joined because of...

interpersonal attraction.

At the Olympics, American "dream teams" have frequently failed to win the gold medal. The teams usually have a lot of great players who are not comfortable sharing the spot light. This is an example of decreasing cohesiveness due to

intragroup competition.

When the various business units of the organization compile information about themselves and make this information available to the other business units of the organization, this system is called a(n)...

intranet.

Walter says he cares about his employees, but every time they try to talk to him he only talks about himself. This is an example of _______ conflict.

intrasender

Cheri and Aaron both wanted to work part-time, and they found a lawyer who was willing to split one full-time paralegal job between the two of them so that Cheri works mornings and Aaron works afternoons. This arrangement is known as

job sharing.

A school board hired a new principal without consulting any educators. The candidate used a lot of jargon to sound impressive, but in reality he did not know much about running a school. The school board had the organizational barrier

language differences.

Using the BCG matrix, SBUs are classified on the basis of...

market share and market growth rate.

Perry knows that Ndemi is a talkative person, while Dominik prefers quiet, so Perry assigns the two men to separate work areas. Perry is controlling conflict by

matching personalities and work habits of workers.

To stay current in their profession, accountants have to take a minimum number of continuing education courses annually. Accountants in the firm of Dunkirk and Wood who take additional classes are rewarded through a ____ plan.

merit pay

The _____ of Choice Waste Management Ltd. is "To be the best international integrated leading waste management company-working in the best competitive environment to deliver the best value and sustainable waste solutions to meet the world's needs."

mission statement

Information that is complete...

must be all pertinent facts.

In contrast to strategic plans, tactical plans...

must specify resources and time frames.

When the group's task is ____, ____ networks tend to perform better.

nonroutine; decentralized

State University has 106 professors. Ninety-eight of them are democrats. The eight republicans are all in the same department, which gets ostracized by the others. This example shows pressure for

norm conformity.

The stage of group development during which the members of the group begin to recognize and to accept their role in the group and to understand the roles of the other members of the group is known as the ____ stage of group development.

norming

Goals set with and by line-managers are called...

operational.

The best form of interpersonal communication to use when you have a personal or nonroutine message to communicate is

oral.

In expectancy theory, raises, promotions, stress and resentment are all ____.

outcomes

Al just graduated from college with a 3.86 GPA in finance. Last summer he had an internship at a federal reserve bank and received glowing performance reports. He has just gone to work for a Wall Street investment banking firm noted for providing its people with all the tools they need to succeed and then letting them sink or swim. Moore is determined to rise rapidly in the organization. From this information, Al's ____ should be high.

performance

Oral communication is usually better than written communication when the message is...

personal, nonroutine, and shorter.

West Nile virus created a public health crisis in parts of Texas. The CDC established a _____ for dealing with infected individuals.

policy

David tells a story to Patty. Patty immediately tells a story about herself without reacting to David's story. David believes Patty didn't hear him because she was preparing what she was going to say. This is an example of...

poor listening skills.

One step in behavior modification is to determine what rewards subordinates desire most and to tie those desired rewards to desired performance. If supervisors simultaneously ignore the unwanted behavior, then the behavior modification is centered around

positive reinforcement and extinction

Many schools think that selecting a student for the gifted and talented program is

positive reinforcement.

When a subordinate has outstanding performance and his or her supervisor publicly praises it, the supervisor is using

positive reinforcement.

Aeropostale sells women's and men's clothing and accessories. This is an example of...

related diversification.

When United Technologies uses its profits from U.S. operations to develop new business opportunities in Europe, it is using...

resource deployment.

Many students with learning differences experience ____ in a traditional classroom setting. They learn more easily in a small class with few distractions.

role overload

Southwest Airlines gained access to the Atlanta market when it purchased Air Tran. This is an example of a change in Southwest's...

scope.

According to the motivation framework presented in your text, after a worker notices an unfulfilled need, the next step is

searching for ways to satisfy the need.

According to Maslow, the need to have a safe physical and emotional environment is a(n) ____ need.

security

OSHA attempts to ensure worker's ____ needs are met.

security

Stewart weighs 350 pounds. When he meets with people he prefers to sit at a table. This is an example of...

setting.

KFC used Facebook, Twitter, and the KFC website to introduce 18-25 year olds to Colonel Sanders, the founder of KFC. KFC used a(n) ____.

social media system

Investors went crazy for the IPO of Tesla, an electric car maker. Tesla has a tiny share of the car market, but investors hope the electric car market has big growth potential. According to the BCG matrix, investors must see Tesla as a...

star

Comcast is trying to compete for the Chinese market by offering more Chinese channels. They put together a team, but at the last meeting the members could not agree on how equitably to divide up the tasks for developing a marketing plan. Two people tried to assume leadership roles, which led to more conflict. This group is at the ____ stage of group development.

storming

After Whirlpool decided on a differentiation strategy, middle managers were called upon to find a way for the firm to add value and unique features to its products. The middle managers were developing...

tactical plans.

The GE business screen is an expansion of the ideas from...

the BCG matrix.

The most basic method of managing employee motivation is...

the reward system.

Businesses are using social media in new ways to communicate. Delta passengers can buy tickets on Delta's Facebook page. This is a change in ____ systems.

transaction-processing

Hyundai introduced Equus, it's luxury sedan with a customer service program called "your time your place," where people never go to the dealer. When maintenance is needed the dealer brings a loaner to the home and picks up the Equus. The program caters to the lifestyle of luxury buyers. Hyundai is using the organizational skill

understanding the richness of different media.

Management by wandering around increases _______ communications within an organization.

vertical

Investors went crazy for the IPO of Tesla, an electric car maker. Tesla has a competitive position of medium and the industry attractiveness is high. According to GE's Business Screen, Tesla is a(n)...

winner

In the GE Business Screen matrix, businesses that have good competitive position in an attractive industry are known as...

winners.