Principles of Management Exam 3

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act forbids discrimination against workers above what age? a. 40 b. 50 c. 65 d. 55 e. 45

a. 40

The _____ lists the duties of a job, the job's working conditions, and the tools, materials, and equipment used to perform it. a. job description b. article of incorporation c. replacement chart d. statement of qualification e. job specification

a. job description

Which type of reinforcement would a speeding ticket be? a. Avoidance b. Punishment c. Fixed-ratio d. Extinction e. Variable-interval

b. Punishment

Emiliois asocial media specialist who was told to "improve public opinion" about the organization.The goal Emilio was given lacks goal _____. a. congruity b. specificity c. conformity d. acceptance e. difficulty

b. specificity

As a nurse, Raj works four 10-hour days per week. This allows him to have better control over patient care. What type of scheduling does Raj's hospital use? a. Compressed b. Flextime c. Job sharing d. Rotation e. Telecommuting

a. Compressed

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure of performance? a. Dollar volume of sales b. Interpersonal agreeability c. Ratings d. Ranking e. Commitment

a. Dollar volume of sales

Which of the following motivational theories is based on the idea that employees compare the treatment they receive relative to others' treatment in order to determine if they are being treated fairly? a. Equity theory b. Two-factor theory c. Expectancy theory d. Reinforcement theory e. Hierarchy of needs theory

a. Equity theory

Who is responsible for the enforcement of Title VII? a. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission b. Department of Labor c. National Labor Relations Board d. U.S. Supreme Court e. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

a. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Polani was hired specifically because of her unique skills and track record of success. Based on the psychological contract, what are the expectations of the employer? a. The use of those skills on the new job b. Agreeableness c. Promotability d. The ability to change the psychological contract e. Strong personal attributes

a. The use of those skills on the new job

Aisha is preparing a job description so that she can hire additional staff. What type of information should Aisha include in it? a. Tools, materials, and equipment needed to perform the job b. Educational background required of applicants c. Personal profile of a supervisor d. Selection methods for new hires e. Skills of existing employees

a. Tools, materials, and equipment needed to perform the job

Serena is good supervisor and was recently sent to a two-week educational course by her employer to help her get the skills she needs for promotion to a higher management post. The human resource management concept illustrated in the scenario is _____. a. development b. job rotation c. staffing d. training e. recruitment

a. development

In the two-factor theory, the factors that influence the satisfaction continuum, which are related specifically to work content, are called _____ factors. a. motivation b. environmental c. esteem d. security e. hygiene

a. motivation

The temperature at Nettix Inc. is too cold for Royce to concentrate on his work. This is an example of work-related stressors categorized as _____ demands. a. physical b. interpersonal c. role d. task e. client

a. physical

When Amy is in a room full of strangers she becomes energized to interact with them. Which of the following personality traits does Amy portray? a. Authoritarianism b. Extraversion c. Machiavellianism d. Locus of control e. Conscientiousness

b. Extraversion

Which of the following reflects an organization's investment in attracting, retaining, and motivating an effective workforce? a. Financial capital b. Human capital c. Production capital d. Enterprise capital e. Surplus capital

b. Human capital

In return for what the employee gives, the organization provides _____ to the individual employee. a. loyalty b. inducements c. aid d. competencies e. contributions

b. Inducements

Sushil knows it is important to manage her stress, and she has started to incorporate time management skills into her daily routine. Which of the following will help Sushil with her time management goals? a. Planning four hours of overtime each week b. Making a list of things to accomplish each day c. Taking short naps each afternoon d. Using vacation planning to relieve stress e. Going out for a run during lunch breaks

b. Making a list of things to accomplish each day

Chandra has been a bank manager at the same bank for 35 years. She is vital to the bank and has a high level of autonomy and variety in her work. When she speaks about the bank, she often says things like "we offer a variety of account options to our customers." Chandra is exhibiting _____. a. Machiavellianism b. high organizational commitment c. cognitive dissonance d. authoritarianism e. high self-esteem

b. high organizational commitment

Juslio put in extra hours to complete an important project on time after unanticipated complications threw it off schedule. In recognition of his efforts, he received a bonus. This motivates him to put in more hard work and better performances. The organization has used _____ to strengthen his behavior. a. extinction b. positive reinforcement c. punishment d. avoidance e. distortion

b. positive reinforcement

Nelson recently attended an interview where the HR manager showed him a video of an ordinary work day in the organization and explained in detail the expectations of the job. The HR manager also explained about the criteria for promotions in the company. Although some of the information did not appeal to Nelson, he was sure about what to expect from the job and the company. The organization used the _____ method in the interview. a. training and development b. realistic job preview c. job enlargement d. validation e. job specialization

b. realistic job preview

A(n) _____ lists each important managerial position in an organization, who occupies it, how long he or she will probably remain in the position, and who is or will be a qualified fill-in. a. employee information system b. replacement chart c. Gantt chart d. skills inventory e. enterprise resource planning system

b. replacement chart

The process of screening out information we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs is called _____. a. cognitive dissonance b. selective perception c. consistency d. distinctiveness e. stereotyping

b. selective perception

Leo told an inappropriate joke at the staff meeting, and his coworker ignored it by not laughing or acknowledging it. What was she using to change this behavior? a. Positive reinforcement b. Distortion c. Extinction d. Punishment e. Avoidance

c. Extinction

Beata's employer has announced a goal of helping workers achieve a healthier lifestyle. Beata now chooses healthier snacks, and she has joined an exercise group at work.Which attribute of the expanded goal-setting theory best portrays this example? a. Goal difficulty b. Goal congruity c. Goal acceptance d. Goal satisfaction e. Goal specificity

c. Goal acceptance

Kiara is a newly hired police officer. She has been asked to spend a shift with a more experienced officer to learn about paperwork, how to handle accident scenes, how to interact with people, and other duties that she will be expected to perform. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario? a. Training manuals b. The lecture method c. On the job training d. Performance appraisal e. The assessment center method

c. On the job training

Annika is excited about her new job. She thinks it will be exciting, fulfilling, rewarding, and allow her the standard of living she is looking for. She also understands what the organization expects her to contribute. She has made a(n) _____ with her new employer. a. person-job fit b. contribution c. psychological contract d. written agreement e. inducement

c. Psychological contract

Venus LLC has recently hired a new group of employees, and the HR manager intends to share company rules and procedures with the employees. Which of the following training methods is most preferable in this scenario? a. Case discussion groups b. On the job training c. The lecture method d. Electronic media based training e. Role playing

c. The lecture method

A person's ability to get along with others in an organization is known as _____. a. conscientiousness b. authoritarianism c. agreeableness d. locus of control e. Machiavellianism

c. agreeableness

If some people have a better chance than others to achieve higher output, objective measures of performance are skewed by _____. a. the halo effect b. the BARS bias c. an opportunity bias d. a recency error e. the vestibule effect

c. an opportunity bias

When a manager tries to encourage social interaction among subordinates, they are trying to address the need for _____. a. security b. self-actualization c. belongingness. d. physiological e. esteem

c. belongingness

Windmere allows its administrative employees to arrive any time between 7:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m., and to leave any time between 4:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m., as long as they work an eight-hour day. This arrangement is known as________. a. empowerment b. traditional schedule c. flextime d. compressed work schedule e. a nine-eighty schedule

c. flextime

Madeline runs a lawn cutting service, and she wants to earn more money. She has decided to take on additional clients and work more hours. Madeline's motivation is due to _____. a. negative reinforcement. b. need for belongingness. c. need or deficiency. d. dissatisfaction of physiological needs. e. low performance-to-outcome expectancy.

c. need or deficiency

Which of the following refers to the extent to which people believe that their behavior has a real effect on what happens to them? a. Self-esteem b. Authoritarianism c. Self-efficacy d. Locus of control e. Openness

d. Locus of control

What is the set of processes by which an individual becomes aware of and interprets information about his or her environment? a. Cognitive dissonance b. Cognition c. Openness d. Perception e. Extraversion

d. Perception

A manager who provides reinforcement on a weekly basis, regardless of behavior, is using a _____ schedule. a. variable-interval b. variable-ratio c. variable-fixed d. fixed-interval e. fixed-ratio

d. fixed-interval

Cheri and Aaron both wanted to work part time, and they found a lawyer who was willing to split one full-time paralegal job between the two of them so that Cheri works mornings and Aaron works afternoons. This arrangement is known as________. a. reinforcement b. behavior modification c. participation d. job sharing e. flextime

d. job sharing

Where would you find information about the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other credentials a person needs to do a particular job? a. Skills inventory b. Job description c. Job analysis d. Job specification e. Replacement chart

d. job specification

Doreen often takes up more tasks than she can handle, and becomes disorganized and careless. In this scenario, Doreen portrays _____. a. openness to listening b. high risk propensity c. an external locus of control d. low levels of conscientiousness e. an internal locus of control

d. low levels of conscientiousness

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, once an individual has satisfied his physiological needs, he turns his focus towards _____ needs. a. belongingness b. survival c. esteem d. security e. self-actualization

d. security

According to the basic expectancy model, what should effort be combined with to result in performance? a. Pay and promotion b. Social equity in rewards c. Perception of probability that effort will lead to performance d. Behavior and consequences e. Ability and environmental factors

e. Ability and environmental factors

What are the psychological, emotional, and physical attributes that vary from person to person called? a. Person-job fit b. Contributions c. Psychological contracts d. Inducements e. Individual differences

e. Individual differences

Manoj is considered by many to be a catalyst for innovation in his organization. He is always willing to try new ideas and gamble on new products. Which aspect of personality describes Manoj's feeling about taking chances? a. Self-awareness b. Extroversion c. Authoritarianism d. Self-esteem e. Risk propensity

e. Risk propensity

Consequences of organizational stress include _____. a. high levels of competitiveness b. increased devotion to work c. higher-quality work outputs d. strong sense of time urgency e. feelings of exhaustion

e. feelings of exhaustion

The set of activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce is called _____. a. operations management b. organization development c. enterprise feedback management d. relationship management e. human resource management

e. human resource management

What is the systematized procedure for collecting and recording information about jobs within an organization? a. job enlargement b. job enrichment c. job specialization d. job evaluation e. job analysis

e. job analysis