Procedures Ch4 Test
Which of the following bony structures is found on the distal aspect of the ulna? a. Coronoid process b. Head c. Olecranon process d. All of the above
b
Which of the following carpals articulates with the radius? a. Triquetrum b. Scaphoid c. Pisiform d. Hamate
b
Which of the following structures is considered to be most distal? a. Radial head b. Styloid process c. Radial tuberosity d. Capitulum
b
How should the humeral epicondyles be aligned for a lateral projection of the elbow? a. Parallel to image receptor b. Perpendicular to image receptor c. 45 degrees to image receptor d. 30 degrees to image receptor
b
Which of the following structures is considered to be most lateral? a. Capitulum b. Proximal radioulnar joint c. Trochlea d. Coronoid tubercle
a
How many carpal bones are found in the wrist? a. 14 b. 8 c. 5 d. 7
b
Which carpal bone is the smallest? a. Scaphoid b. Pisiform c. Hamate d. Capitate
b
Why is it important to keep the phalanges parallel to the IR for a PA oblique projection of the hand? a. Prevents foreshortening of phalanges and obscuring of interphalangeal joints b. Prevents forshortening of radiocarpal joint c. Opens up the carpometacarpal joints d. Demonstrates the sesamoid bones near the first interphalangeal joint
a
A PA chest radiograph reveals that the left sternoclavicular joint is closer to the spine than the right joint. What specific positioning error has been committed? a. Left tilt b. Rotation into the left anterior oblique (LAO) position c. Right tilt d. Rotation into the right anterior oblique (RAO) position
b
A lateral elbow radiograph demonstrates about half of the radial head superimposed by the coronoid process of the ulna. Which of the following occurred? a. The hand was pronated rather than a true lateral position. b. The hand and wrist were rotated laterally and not in a true lateral position. c. The shoulder was not dropped sufficently to the tabletop level. d. No positioning errors occurred.
d
A patient enters the ED to be treated for severe trauma. The physician orders an AP supine chest to evaluate the lungs. What can the technologist do to reduce the magnificaton of the heart? a. Place the cassette crosswise. b. Use a short exposure time. c. Increase super optical device (SOD) as much as possible. d. Increase SID as much as possible
d
A patient enters the ED with a possible Bennett's fracture. Which of the following routines would be performed to confirm this diagnosis? a. Finger b. Wrist c. Forearm d. Thumb
d
A patient is in the intensive care unit with multiple injuries. The attending physician is concerned about a pleural effusion in the left lung. The patient had surgery recently and cannot stand. Which position/projection would be best to rule out the pleural effusion? a. AP supine b. Right lateral decubitus c. Apical lordotic d. Left lateral decubitus
d
A patient with a history of carpal tunnel syndrome comes to radiology. The physician wants to rule out abnormal calcifications in the carpal sulcus. Which of the following projections would best demonstrate this region? a. Colyle method b. Jones method c. Carpal bridge d. Gaynor-Hart method
d
Transverse fracture through fifth metacarpal neck: a. Smith fracture b. Barton fracture c. Colles' fracture d. Bennett's fracture e. Boxer's fracture
e
T/F The xiphoid process is a reliable posiitoning landmark for determining the lower margin of the lungs for chest positioning.
false
A patient with a fractured forearm had the fracture reduced and a fiberglass cast placed on the extremity. The orthopedic surgeon orders a postreduction study. The original kV was 60kV. Which one of the followng kV factors should be selected for the postreduction study? a. 63 kV b. 67 kV c. 70 kV d. 75 kV
a
Which special projection of the wrist will open up the inerspaces on the ulnar side of the wirst? a. Radial deviation b. Ulnar deviation c. Carpal canal d. Carpal bridge
a
T/F The radiographic criteria for a true lateral finger indicated equal concavity of the anterior and posterior aspects of the phalanges.
True
A radiograph of an AP oblique elbow with medial rotation reveals that the radial head is superimposed over part of the coronoid process. What positioning error has been committed? a. Excessive medial rotation b. Flexion of the elbow c. Excessive lateral rotation d. Incorrect CR angulation
a
Fracture of distal radius with anterior displacement a. Smith fracture b. Barton fracture c. Colles' fracture d. Bennett's fracture e. Boxer's fracture
a
How much rotation of the hands is required for the AP oblique bilateral (Norgaard method) hand projection? a. 45 degrees b. 30 to 35 degrees c. 5 to 10 degrees d. 20 degrees
a
Local or generalized infecton of bone or bone marrow caused by truama or surgery is a condition termed: a. osteomyelitis b. Paget's disease c. osteoarthritis d. cellulitis
a
The CR placement for an AP projection (modified Robert's method) of the thumb is at the: a. first carpometacarpal joint b. first proximal interphalangeal joint c. first distal interphalangeal joint d. midproximal phalanx of the first digit.
a
Fracture and dislocaion of posterior lip of distal radius: a. Smith fracture b. Barton fracture c. Colles' fracture d. Bennett's fracture e. Boxer's fracture
b
Which of the following sets of exposure factors would be best for an adult upper limb study using an analog (film-screen) system? a. 80 kV, 600 mA, 1/60 sec, large focal spot, high-speed screens b. 64 kV, 200 mA, 1/20 sec, large focal spot, detail-speed screens c. 78 kV, 600 mA, 1/60 sec, large focal spot, detail-speed screens d. 64 kV, 300 mA, 1/30 sec, small focal spot, detail-speed screens
d
Which of the following structures is considered to be most posterior? a. Coronoid process b. Radial tuberosity c. Trochlea d. Olecranon process
d
A general postitioning rule is to place the long axis of the part ____ to the long axis of the image receptor. a. perpendicular b. adjacent c. axial d. parallel
d
What is the purpose of performing the AP partially flexed projections of the elbow? a. To provide a view of the radial head and capitulum b. To seperate the radial head from the ulna c. To provide an AP perspective if patient cannot fully extend elbow d. To demonstrate any possible elevated fat pads
c
Which carpal articulates with both the fourth and fifth metacarpals? a. Triquetrum b. Capitate c. Hamate d. Trapezoid
c
Which is the most commonly fractured carpal bone? a. Lunate b. Trapezium c. Scaphoid d. Hamate
c
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the ulna? a. Styloid process b. Radial notch c. Ulnar notch d. Coronoid tubercle
c
Which of the follwing actions will led to the proximal radius crossing over the ulna? a. Supination of the hand b. Placing epicondyles parallel to the image receptor c. Pronation of the hand d. External rotation of elbow
c
Which one of the following structures is considered to be most proximal? a. Head of ulna b. Coronoid process c. Olecranon process d. Radial Tuberosity
c
T/F Rheumatoid arthritis is three times more common in men than women.
False
Which specific anatomy is better visualized with a fan lateral as comapared with the other lateral projections of the hand? a. Sesamoid bones b. Carpals c. Phalanges d. Carpometacarpal joints
c
Which two structures primarily form the hinge-like structure and movement of the elbow joint? a. Trochlea and olecranon process b. Capitulum and trochlea c. Coronoid process and coronoid fossa d. Coronoid fossa and trochlea
a
T/F Carpal tunnel syndrome is more common in middle-aged women than in middle-aged men.
True
T/F Nuclear medicine is generally more sensetive than radiography for assessing bones of the upper limb for either metastatic bone lesions or stress fractures.
True
T/F One of the early signs of rheumatoid arthritis is soft tissue swelling near the ulnar styloid process.
True
T/F The folio method requires a bilateral projection of the thumbs be taken with one single exposure.
True
A nonvisible posterior fat pad on a well-exposed, correctly postitioned lateral elbow radiograph generally suggests: a. negative study for injury b. fractur of one of the bones of the elbow c. injury to the synovial joint d a congenital defect
a
A patient arrives in radiology with a metal foreign body in the palm of the hand. Which of the following hand routines should be performed on this patient to confirm the location of the foeign body? a. PA and lateral in extension projections b. PA and lateral in flexion projections c. PA and fan lateral projections d. PA and Gaynor-Hart
a
A radiograph of a PA oblique of the hand reveals that the midaspect of the fourth and fifth metacarpals is superimposed. What specific postitioning error has been committed? a. Excessive rotation of the hand and/or wrist b. Insufficient rotation of the hand and/or wrist c. Incorrect CR angulation d. Fingers of the hand are not parallel to IR
a
The bending or forcing of the hand laterally with the hand pronated in a posteroanterior (PA) projection is known as: a. radial deviation b. ulnar deviation c. radial abduction d. ulnar extension
a
The first carpometacarpal joint is classified as a ____ joint. a. sellar b. ginglymus c. plane d. trochoidal
a
The internal prominence or ridge in which the trachea bifurcates into the right and left bronchi is termed the: a. carina b. hilum c. thyroid cartilage d. costophrenic angle
a
The lower concave area of the lung is termed the: a. base b. apex c. hilum d. costophrenic angle
a
The radiocarpal (wrist) joint possesses an (n) ____ type of joint movement. a. Ellipsoidal b. Ginglymus c. Plane d. Trochoidal
a
The two fat stripes of the wrist demonstrated radiographically are known as the scaphoid fat stripe and the ____ fat stripe. a. pronator b. pisiform c. abductor d. anterior
a
Which of the following projections of the wrist will best demonstrate the wrist joint and intercarpal spaces if the patient can assume this position? a. AP b. PA c. Gaynor-Hart d. 30 degree PA oblique
a
Which one of the following is the most common primary malignant bone tumor? a. Mutiple myeloma b. Osteochondroma c. Osteosarcoma d. Osteocarcinoma
a
Which projection best demonstrates pathology involving the first carpometacarpal joint? a. anterioposterior (AP) thumb, modified Robert's method b. PA oblique thumb c. Norgaard method d. PA scaphoid, ulnar deviation wrist projection
a
Which type of body habitus typically requires that the image receptor b e placed crosswise rather than lengthwise for a PA chest. a. Hypersthenic b. Asthenic c. Sthenic d. Hyposthenic
a
A patient enters the ED with an elbow injury. The partially flexed AP and lateral positions reveal a possible fracture of the coronoid process. The patients elbow is partially flexed and he refuses to extend it any farther. Which one of the following postitions should be performed to confirm the fracture of the coronoid process? a. Jones method b. Coyle method with 80 degree flexion, CR angled 45 degrees away from shoulder c. Coyle method with 90 degree flexion, CR angled 45 degrees away from the shoulder d. Gaynor-Hart method
b
A radiograph of the PA scaphoid projection reveals extensive superimposition of the scaphoid and adjacent carpals. Which of the following factors can lead to this problem? a. Elevation of the hand and wrist b. Insufficient ulna deviation c. Insufficient CR angle distally d. Slight flexion of the phalanges
b
Air or gas that escapes into the pleural cavity results in a condition known as: a. air bronchogram b. pneumothorax c. hemidiaphragm. d. hemothorax
b
Grids are generally not required unless the anatomy measures greater than _____ cm in thickness. a. 8 b. 10 c. 14 d. 5
b
How much CR angulation to the long axis of the hand is required for the tangential, inferosuperior projection to demonstrate the carpal sulcus (canal)? a. 10 to 15 degrees b. 25 to 30 degrees c. 35 to 45 degrees d. 5 to 10 degrees
b
How should the original kV range be changed with a fiberglass cast applied for a wrist or forearm radiographic procedure? a. no change b. increase 3 to 4 kV c. increase 5 to 7 kV d. increase 8 to 10 kV
b
The central ray (CR) for an anteroposterior (AP) supine, adult chest projection, should be centered: a. to level of T4 b. 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) below the jugular notch. c. at the vertebra prominens d. at the xiphoid process
b
What two bony landmarks are palpated for positioning of the elbow? a. Radial and ulnar styloid processes b. Humeral epicondyles c. Humeral condyles
b
Where is the CR centered for a PA projection of the hand? a. At the third proximal interphalangeal joint b. At the third metacarpophalangeal joint c. At the base of the third metacarpal d. At the third distal interphalangeal joint
b
Which basic projection of the elbow best demonstrates the trochlear notch in profile? a. AP b. Lateral c. Medial rotation oblique d. Lateral rotation oblique
b
Which of the following technical factors is ideal for adult chest radiography? a. 100kV, 200mA, 1/20sec, 60"SID (153cm) b. 120kV, 800mA, 1/40sec, 72"SID (183cm) c. 125kV, 400mA, 1/40sec, 40"SID (102cm) d. 120kV, 600mA, 1/60sec, 60"SID (153cm)
b
Which one of the following clinical indications often requires the inspiration/expiration chest series to be taken? a. Chronic asthma b. Smal pneumothorax c. Pneumoconiosis d. Primary tuberculosis
b
Which routine projection of the elbow best demonstrates the olecranon process in profile? a. AP b. Lateral c. Medial rotation oblique d. Lateral rotation oblique
b
Which routine projection of the elbow will best demonstrate an elevated or visible posterior fat pad? a. True AP with no rotation b. True lateral with 90 degree flexion c. Lateral rotation oblique d. Coyle method
b
Which two structures form the distal radioulnar joint? a. Radial notch and radial head b. Ulnar notch and head of ulna c. Radial tuberosity and ulnar notch d. Coronoid tubercle and radial notch
b
A "skier thumb" is an injury of the: a. scaphoid b. pronator fat stripe c. ulnar collateral ligament d. trapezium
c
A ginglymus joint can also be referred to as a ____ joint. a. trochoid b. saddle c. hinge d. pivot
c
A patient enters the ED with a possible scaphoid fracture. The patient is unable to assume the ulnar deviation position. Which of the following positions should be performed to confirm the diagnosis? a. Gaynor-Hart b. Jones c. Modified Stecher d. Coyle
c
A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a Smith fracture. Which region of the upper limb must be radiographed to demonstrate this injury? a. Trapezium b. Elbow c. Wrist and forearm d. Hand
c
A radiograph of an AP projection of the elbow reveals that there is complete separation of the proximal radius and ulna. What postitioning error has beeen committed? a. Excessive medial rotation b. Partial flexion of the joint c. Excessive lateral rotation d. Incorrect CR location and angle
c
An ellipsoidal joint allows movement in____ directions. a. two b. all c. four d. six
c
Fracture of distal radius with posterior displacement: a. Smith fracture b. Barton fracture c. Colles' fracture d. Bennett's fracture e. Boxer's fracture
c
How much rotation of the humeral epicondyles is required for the AP medial oblique projection of the elbow? a. 30 degrees b. 90 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 20 degrees
c
Of the following factors, which one is most crucial to demonstrate possible air and fluid levels in the chest? a. 72" (183cm)SID b. High kV technique c. Patient erect or decubitus position d. Using high mA and short exposure time
c
The AP oblique bilateral hands projection (ball catcher) is performed to evaluate for early signs of: a. Gout b. Osteoporosis c. Rheumatoid arthritis d. bursitis
c
The joint found between the base of the third metacarpal and carpal bone is the: a. intercarpal b. interphalangeal c. carpometacarpal d. proximal metacarpophalangeal
c
What CR angle is required with the modified Robert's method? a. 5 degrees proximally (toward the wrist) b. 10 degrees distally (away from the wrist) c. 15 degrees proximally (toward the wrist) d. 20 degrees distally (away from the wrist)
c
What is the name of the two small depressions found on the anterior aspect of the distal humerus? a. Trochlea and capitulum b. Olecranon and coronoid fossa c. Radial and coronoid fossa d. Olecranon and radial fossa
c
A radiograph of a PA projection of the hand reveals that the distal radius and ulna and the carpals were cut off. What should the technologist do to correct this problem? a. Accept the radiograph. Carpals and distal radius and ulna are not part of a hand study. b. Make sure the carpals, distal radius, and ulna are included on the lateral projection c. If the injury to the patient did not involve the carpal region and distal forearm, do not repeat it. d. Repeat the PA projection to include all the carpals and about 1 inch (2.5cm) of the distal radius and ulna.
d
A radiograph of the elbow demonstrates the radius directly superimposed over the ulna and the coronoid process in profile. Which projection of the elbow has been performed? a. AP b. Lateral c. Lateral rotation oblique d. Medial rotation oblique
d
Fracture of base of first metacarpal a. Smith fracture b. Barton fracture c. Colles' fracture d. Bennett's fracture e. Boxer's fracture
d
From a pronated position, which of the following is required for a PA oblique projection of the fourth digit of the hand? a. 45 degree medial rotation b. 30 to 35 degree lateral rotation c. 30 to 35 degree medial rotation d. 45 degree lateral rotation
d
The first metacarpophalnageal joint has a(n) ____ type of joint movement. a. plane b. trochoidal c. sellar d. ellipsoidal
d
The interphalangeal joint has a(n)____ type of joint movement. a. Plane b. Sellar c. Ellipsoidal d. ginglymus
d
The smooth, depressed, center portion of the trochlea used for evaluating rotation on a lateral elbow is termed the trochlear: a. process b. fossa c. depression d sulcus
d
The two most common landmarks for chest positioning are the: a. top of shoulders and xiphoid process b. jugular notch and top of shoulders c. lower margin of thyroid cartilage and vertebra prominens d. jugular notch and vertebra prominens.
d
What is the distance between the table top and bucky tray on most floating tabletop type of tables? a. 1/2 to 1 inch (1.3 to 2.5 cm) b. 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) c. 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) d. 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm)
d
What is the name of the joint found between the proximal and distal phalanges of the first digit? a. Proximal interphalangeal b. Distal interphalangeal c. Metacarpophalangeal d. Interphalangeal
d
What is the proper name for the acute flexion elbow projection? a. Coyle method b. Gaynor-Hart method c. Modified Stecher method d. Jones method
d
Where is the central ray (CR) placed for a PA projection of the third digit? a. At the distal interphalangeal joint b. At the metacarpophalangeal joint c. At the head of the third metacarpal d. At the proximal interphalangeal joint
d
Which of the carpal bones is considered to be the largest? a. Hamate b. Triquetrum c. Trapezium d. Capitate
d
Which routine projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head and tuberosity? a. AP b. PA c. AP oblique with medial rotation d. AP oblique with latereal rotation
d
Which wrist ligament is attached to the styloid process of the ulna and continues to the triquetrum and pisiform? a. Radial collateral ligament b. Dorsal radiocarpal ligament c. Palmar radiocarpal ligament d. Ulnar collateral ligament
d
Why is it recommended that the medial oblique projection be performed rather than the lateral oblique for the second digit of the hand? a. To minimize optimal immonomodulation dose (OID) b. To be more comfortable for the patient c. To open up the joints better d. To prevent superimposition
d
Why must the technologist slightly angle the CR caudad for most AP projections of the chest? a. Elongates the carina b. Prevents overlap of the chin on the upper airway c. Separates the heart from the great vessels d. Prevents clavicles form obscuring apices of he lungs
d
T/F For anterior oblique radiographs of the chest, the elongated (widened) aspect of the thorax is generally farthest from the image receptor.
true