Professional Nursing
A patients asks why there is a $25 fee for every office visit even though the patient has insurance. What is the BEST response from the nurse? a) "That is a co-pay. That represents a cost shared between you and the insurance company." b) "I would advise you to call your insurance company today." c) "That is a quality surcharge imposed by our private office clinicians." d) "That is a non-refundable tax imposed by New York State."
a) "That is a co-pay. That represents a cost shared between you and the insurance company."
A hospital has adopted the TeamSTEPPS System to improve quality of care. Which of the following statements BEST describes this system? a) An evidence-based approach to enhancing communication b) A approach to reducing errors in care through use of statistical analyses c) A publically-available patient survey to assess satisfaction with care d) An organizational approach to reducing waste, such as duplication of diagnostic tests
a) An evidence-based approach to enhancing communication
Which describes the BEST way nurses can protect themselves from needle stick injuries? a) Avoid the use of needles if safe alternatives are available. b) Recap used needles on a regular basis. c) Transfer the used needles to colleagues. d) Remove all safety devices and guards around needles
a) Avoid the use of needles if safe alternatives are available.
Which statement is BEST aligned with the concept of health equity? a) Creating individual-and community-targeted interventions that enable all people to have a fair opportunity to be as healthy as possible b) Making sure that all individuals take equal responsibility for their health choices c) Recognizing that health disparities are caused by genetic and cultural differences d) Delivering equal care to everyone regardless of their insurance status
a) Creating individual-and community-targeted interventions that enable all people to have a fair opportunity to be as healthy as possible
The Four "E"s of a Reporting Culture include all the following EXCEPT: a) Estimate risk b) Encourage Reporting c) Eliminate Fear of Punishment d) Examine errors, close calls, and hazardous condition
a) Estimate risk
Select one of the following mandates from the Affordable Care Act (ACA) which is true. a) Health plans are prohibited from placing a lifetime maximum dollar limit on most benefits. b) Individuals will continue to be denied coverage due to pre-existing conditions. c) Maternity and Newborn Care are designated as Non-Essential Health Benefits. d) The Fee-For-Service model of payment is eliminated and replaced by Health MaintenanceOrganizations (HMOs).
a) Health plans are prohibited from placing a lifetime maximum dollar limit on most benefits.
Select the answer that accurately describes the fee for service model of healthcare. a) Incentivizes services that offer higher reimbursements. b) Ensures that provider reimbursements will be smaller. c) Works to drive down costs by building in efficient office visits. d) Stabilizes the out-of-pocket expenses patients pay for tertiary services.
a) Incentivizes services that offer higher reimbursements.
A nurse on a physical rehabilitation floor works collaboratively with physicians, social workers, dietitians, and occupational therapists for the purpose of helping patients return home with optimal levels of physical and social function. What term BEST describes this type of healthcare team? a) Interdisciplinary team b) Executive management team c) Nurse huddle d) Professional policy team
a) Interdisciplinary team
Which statement is TRUE about Medicaid? a) Medicaid is paid for and managed by federal and state governments jointly. b) People are generally eligible for Medicaid even if they are able to pay for private insurance. c) In the United States, no proof of income is required for Medicaid coverage. d) Medicaid does not use the Federal Poverty Level as a criterion for eligibility.
a) Medicaid is paid for and managed by federal and state governments jointly.
A nurse practicing in the United States knows that most people obtain health insurance by utilizing which of the following means? a) Most will obtain health insurance through their place of work. b) Most will rely on means tested programs. c) Medicare is the largest supplier of healthcare insurance in the country. d) Most patients rely on Medicaid to provide healthcare insurance.
a) Most will obtain health insurance through their place of work.
According to Tanner (2006) "Thinking like a nurse," nurses learn clinically through which process? a) Noticing, interpreting, responding, reflection b) Implementation of designated tasks c) Understanding the clinical ladder d) Reframing failure and redesigning your life
a) Noticing, interpreting, responding, reflection
Which of the following statements BEST describes the Magnet Hospital program? a) All nurses in Magnet Hospitals are required to be LEAN-Six Sigma practitioners b) CMS awards this honor to the top 10% of hospitals as measured by CAHPS patient satisfaction scores c) Magnet hospitals are regional referral centers for advanced diagnostic imaging services d) Hospitals that receive Magnet designation from the ANCC are known for nursing excellence and high quality patient care
d) Hospitals that receive Magnet designation from the ANCC are known for nursing excellence and high quality patient care
In which of the following examples is the nurse demonstrating empathy for the patient who had a miscarriage? a) "You will quickly forget you ever had a miscarriage." b) "I know how you feel; I also had a miscarriage." c) "You'll be back to your busy routine sooner than you think." d) "This must be a very difficult time for you."
d) "This must be a very difficult time for you."
According to definitions from the World Bank, which term is used to describe a country with a per capita Gross National Income of less than US$1,135? a) A third world country b) A developing country c) A Global South country d) A low income country
d) A low income country
Safety involves designing systems so that errors do NOT occur. Which of the following approaches are used to improve system safety and reduce errors in healthcare settings? a) Implement morning huddle b) Root cause analyses of adverse events c) A culture of safety d) All the above
d) All the above
Which of the following in an important function of the American Nurses Association (ANA)? a) Representing the interests of the global nursing community at the World Health Organization (WHO) b) Running national blood drives during disasters and emergencies c) Disciplining nurses for unprofessional behavior d) Developing and maintaining a code of ethics and standards of practice
d) Developing and maintaining a code of ethics and standards of practice
A nurse uses evidence-based practice (EBP) to provide nursing care. Which of the following is NOT a component of EBP? a) The patient's preferences and values b) Evidence from research c) The nurse's clinical expertise d) Fee-for-service reimbursement
d) Fee-for-service reimbursement
Which nurse is considered to be the founder of the modern profession of nursing? a) Loretta Ford b) Clara Barton c) Isabel Robb d) Florence Nightingale
d) Florence Nightingale
Which statement BEST describes the demographic makeup of the professional nursing workforce in the United States today? a) The racial and ethnic mix of the professional RN workforce mirrors that of the United States. b) The nursing workforce is becoming increasingly less diverse c) Asians are the most underrepresented racial group in nursingThe Black and d) Hispanic/Latino population is underrepresented in the current RN workforce.
d) Hispanic/Latino population is underrepresented in the current RN workforce.
A nurse is designing care to meet the needs of new immigrant patients in his community. The work of which nursing theorist would be most helpful in determining how to ensure the provision of high-quality care that integrates the patients' cultural beliefs and values? a) Martha Rodgers b) Dorothea Orem c) Hildegard Peplau d) Madeline Leininger
d) Madeline Leininger
Which statement about acute illness is true? a) All people with an acute illness need medical care. b) Most people with acute illness develop chronic illness. c) Acute illnesses are usually catastrophic in nature. d) Most people with acute illness return to their previous level of wellness.
d) Most people with acute illness return to their previous level of wellness.
What is a primary purpose of nursing theoretical models? a) Provide knowledge to improve nursing administration, research, practice, and education b) Provide guidance for state legislatures in defining nursing practice c) Provide administrators with the information needed to make appropriate nursing job descriptions d) Provide insurance companies with an understanding of how to structure reimbursement for nursing services
a) Provide knowledge to improve nursing administration, research, practice, and education
Which statement illustrates a BENEFIT of social media use by nurses? a) Social media allows nurses to generally express challenges of nursing care. b) Social media is an innovative way to act as an unofficial spokesperson for your employer. c) Social media is one way to stay in touch with your patients after they have left your care. d) Social media lets a nurse privately reveal intimate details about a patient.
a) Social media allows nurses to generally express challenges of nursing care.
HCAHPS is a standardized, publicly-reported survey of patients' perspectives of hospital care. a) True b) False
a) True
What concept is considered fundamental to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing)? a) Universal Health Coverage b) Nurse migration c) Task shifting d) Health in All Policies
a) Universal Health Coverage
A patient states, "The thing that scares me the most about surgery is not waking up after the anesthesia. I'm afraid I am going to die," and the nurse responds, "Everything will be fine. The anesthesiologists are very skilled in administering anesthesia." Which of the following BEST describes the nurse's communication breakdown: a) Using false assurance. b) Using value statements. c) Failing to recognize levels of meaning. d) Failing to see the uniqueness of the individual.
a) Using false assurance.
Errors in care contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Which of the following contribute to poor patient outcomes? Select All That Apply. a) Blood Transfusions and incorrect match b) Use of Callouts c) Patient ID not verified before giving medications d) Incorrect labeling of lab specimens
a, c, d
A nurse who lives in New York City and holds a New York State RN license wants to work Pennsylvania. After researching the Nursing Licensure Compact, what does the nurse learn? a) The Nursing Compact currently allows nurses in all 50 states the ability to treat patients across state lines. b) A New York license is only valid in NY, NJ, and CT. c) A nurse who resides in New York may apply for a compact license. d) New York State is not part of the Nursing Compact
d) New York State is not part of the Nursing Compact
A senior nursing student is explaining the elements of the PICOT question to a group of freshman nursing students. Which statement is most accurate? a) P represents a phenomenological study design b) I represents the individual to be studied c) C represents the control group d) O represents the outcome
d) O represents the outcome
The components of the nursing metaparadigm include: a) Person, health, evidence, and theory b) Person, practice, and profession c) Nurses, physicians, patients, and environment d) Person, health, environment, and nursing
d) Person, health, environment, and nursing
Which of the following provides the best quality evidence? a) Grounded theory b) Expert opinion c) A case-control study d) Randomized control trial (RCT)
d) Randomized control trial (RCT)
Which entity is responsible for the enforcement of nurse practice acts, approval of nurse educational programs, and adjudication of disciplinary actions? a) The Centers for Medicaid and Medicare b) NYU/Rory Meyers College of Nursing c) The American Nurses Association d) State Boards of Nursing
d) State Boards of Nursing
Why was 2020 designated by the WHO as the Year of the Nurse and Midwife? a) To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the ICN b) To recognize the bravery of nurses and midwives who worked on the frontlines the COVID pandemic c) To highlight the contributions of nurses and midwives in the accomplishment of the MilleniumDevelopment Goals d) To celebrate the work of nurses and midwives and advocate for increased investments in the nursing and midwifery workforce
d) To celebrate the work of nurses and midwives and advocate for increased investments in the nursing and midwifery workforce
Which of the following is an example of a violation of the principle of nonmaleficence? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a) A psychiatric patient is held in physical restraints for eight hours, leading to dehydration. b) A surgeon performs unnecessary surgery, resulting in post-operative complications. c) A nurse delivers preferential care to a patient in a crowded waiting room. d) A nurse pressures a patient to take medication that will help control the patient's blood pressure.
A, B
Which of the following might suggest that a nurse is experiencing compassion fatigue? Select all that apply. a) The nurse consistently dreads an upcoming patient encounter. b) The nurse finds himself losing his temper when interacting with colleagues. c) A nurse feels relieved after discussing grief about a patient's death with a therapist. d) A nurse has an upset stomach routinely before work.
A, B, D
In 2-3 sentences describe a challenge or opportunity in global nursing that you find particularly interesting.
In your own words
A nursing student received a thank you card from a patient's family and had another student take a photo of the student with the family. The student asks the nursing instructor if it would be alright to post the photo on Facebook. Which response by the instructor is best? a) "No, that could lead to a malpractice suit by the patient or family." b) "No, posting pictures of patients and families on social media sites is not acceptable." c) "I think that would be OK, but you should check hospital policy." d) "Yes, as long as you ask the family if that would be okay."
b) "No, posting pictures of patients and families on social media sites is not acceptable."
Men comprise approximately what percentage of the American professional nursing workforce? a) 25-50% b) 10-15% c) 30-40% d) 1-5%
b) 10-15%
Which term accurately describes the amount you pay for healthcare services before your health insurance begins to pay? a) A copay b) A deductible c) A well fund d) A contract clause
b) A deductible
Which of the following is an example of horizontal violence in the workplace? a) A nurse manager humiliates a new nurse who delivered the incorrect medication to a patient. b) A newly hired nurse asks an established nurse where the normal saline is kept in the supply closet. The established nurse says, "You're not going to last. Find it yourself." c) A charge nurse gives critical feedback to a new nurse in a performance review. d) A physician turns to the nurse and says in a loud voice, "I thought I asked you take thisFoley out two hours ago!"
b) A newly hired nurse asks an established nurse where the normal saline is kept in the supply closet. The established nurse says, "You're not going to last. Find it yourself."
Which of the following best exemplifies the ethical practice of justice? a) A nurse gives preferential treatment to a patient with private insurance. b) An alleged rapist seeking treatment at the emergency department is given the same quality care as another person seeking treatment at the emergency department. c) The nurse screens patients for a new research study opportunity based on their proximity to the health facility. d) A nurse allows the patient's family to administer all medications.
b) An alleged rapist seeking treatment at the emergency department is given the same quality care as another person seeking treatment at the emergency department.
The nurse and patient may experience sadness during the termination phase. How can the nurse help the patient be successful in the termination phase of the nurse-patient relationship? a) Exchanging goodbye gifts as a sign that the relationship is terminated b) Emphasizing the achievements the patient has made including the ability for self-care c) Providing personal contact information so the patient can contact the nurse if needed d) Visiting the patient at home during off-duty time to help the transition to self-care
b) Emphasizing the achievements the patient has made including the ability for self-care
Which of the following statements made by the nurse is TRUE about Medicare? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) a) "Medicare is a means-tested program administered by the National Institute of Health b) Medicare will cover ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease patients, no matter what age. c) Medicare is a state-run social insurance program for the elderly. d) Medicare is a federal social insurance program for people age 65 and older.
b) Medicare will cover ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease patients, no matter what age. d) Medicare is a federal social insurance program for people age 65 and older.
A new nurse comes into the office to talk about how he can prepare to work his upcoming night shifts (8:00 pm to 8:00 am) when he starts his rotation in the emergency department. He is worried that he will not be able to stay awake for the shift and wishes to perform well. Which of the following advice would support healthy sleep hygiene? a) Drink coffee during the late evening. b) Nap less than 30 minutes just prior to his shift. c) Drink one glass of red wine just before bedtime. d) Consume a heavy meal before he starts the work shift.
b) Nap less than 30 minutes just prior to his shift.
Which nursing theory laid the foundation for nursing science? a) Rodger's Science of Unitary Human Beings b) Nightingale's Environmental Theory c) Watson's Theory of Human Caring d) King's Theory of Goal Attainment
b) Nightingale's Environmental Theory
The nurse who has practiced in the operating room for 7 years has just started a job at a home health agency. Using Benner's model, at what stage of skill acquisition is the nurse currently practicing? a) Advanced beginner b) Novice c) Expert d) Competent
b) Novice
Which statement BEST describes why nursing is considered a profession as opposed to an occupation? a) Nursing care is guided largely by experience and intuition b) Nursing has a code of ethics c) Nurses have high starting salaries d) Nurses' scope of practice is determined by physicians
b) Nursing has a code of ethics
Which country is the source of the largest number of internationally-educated nurses in the US? a) Mexico b) Philippines c) India d) Canada
b) Philippines
Which of the following statements about the US healthcare system is FALSE? a) The US is the only high income country that lacks universal health coverage b) The US has many more physicians per capita than other high income countries c) Despite larger healthcare spending, life expectancy in the US is lower than in many other high income countries d) Many working adults in the US are inadequately insured.
b) The US has many more physicians per capita than other high income countries
Which term is best used to describe certified nursing assistants and patient care technicians? a) Orderlies b) Unlicensed assistive personnel c) Professional caregivers d) Licensed practical nurses
b) Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)
Nurses and midwives make up what proportion of the global health workforce? a) 20% b) 35% c) 50% d) 75%
c) 50%
In order for all countries to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3, WHO estimates that the world will need how many additional nurses and midwives by the year 2030? a) 2 million b) 5 million c) 9 million d) 12 million
c) 9 million
Which statement best describes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? a) An initiative of the WHO to promote awareness of the intersection of climate justice and health b) A program of the ICN and ICM to ensure the sustainable and equitable growth of the global healthcare workforce c) A set of 17 goals and 169 targets adopted by UN member states to address complex global problems and their underlying causes d) A global development agenda that helped to lift 1 billion people out of extreme poverty between 1990 and 2015
c) A set of 17 goals and 169 targets adopted by UN member states to address complex global problems and their underlying causes
Which nurse is best known for promoting racial justice in the nursing profession? a) Isabel Hampton Robb b) Isabelle Wald c) Estelle Massey Osborne d) Margaret Sanger
c) Estelle Massey Osborne
Which theory would help a pediatric nurse design an appropriate therapeutic play intervention for ill toddlers? a) Biomedical Disease Theory b) Peplau's Interpersonal Theory c) Piaget's Development Theory d) Rogers' Unitary Human Beings model
c) Piaget's Development Theory
Which statement about occupational injury is FALSE? a) Violence is one of the leading causes of workplace injury for registered nurses b) Working night shift is associated with an increased risk of sprain or strain injuries c) Registered nurses are more likely than nursing assistants to miss days of work due to injury or illness d) The Occupational Safety and Health Act mandates that employers provide each employee a place of employment free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious physical harm
c) Registered nurses are more likely than nursing assistants to miss days of work due to injury or illness
Which statement most accurately describes the development of the nurse practitioner (NP) role? a) The NP role was developed by Estelle Massey Osborne in response to discrimination in medical school admissions for African American students b) The NP role originally described self-taught battlefield medics during the Civil War. c) The NP role was pioneered by Loretta Ford, who started the first program at the University of Colorado in 1965. d) The NP role was created by Margaret Sanger to increase access to contraceptive care in New York City
c) The NP role was pioneered by Loretta Ford, who started the first program at the University of Colorado in 1965.
According to research by Ma and colleagues (2020), which of the following describes units with internationally educated nurses? a) These units have better educated nurses and lower rates of turnover b) These units have higher rates of falls and pressure ulcers c) The presence of internationally educated nurses is associated with lower rates of burnout for US-trained d) These units have higher rates of reported bias incidents and bullying
c) The presence of internationally educated nurses is associated with lower rates of burnout for US-trained
In which document was it estimated that 44,000 - 98,000 people died in hospitals each year as a result of preventable medical errors? a) The Press Ganey Report b) The 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Act c) To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System d) The ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses
c) To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System
