Progressive Era Answer Key
Wilson's battle cry during the Election of 1912 was
"New Freedom"
1906 novel by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair. The novel portrays the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities.
"The Jungle"
Allows the federal government to collect income tax.
16th Amendment
Direct election of senators.
17th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
18th Amendment
Women's Suffrage or Right to Vote
19th
Gave women the right to vote.
19th Amendment
African-American leader who worked to achieve equality
Booker T. Washington
This man argued that African Americans needed to secure economic prosperity before attempting to achieve racial equality.
Booker T. Washington
Limited men's working hours to 10
Bunting vs. Oregon
A suffragette who was President of the National Women's Suffrage Association, & founder of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Instrumental in obtaining passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920
Carrie Chapman Catt
Which of the following agencies is responsible for protecting and advancing public health?
FDA
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act made business better for small businesses.
False
The Sherman Antitrust Act was very effective against trusts outlawing any combinations of companies that restrained interstate trade or commerce.
False
To solve the problem of currency circulation, Congress created the______________ in 1913.
Federal Reserve System
Which government body created during the Progressive Era now regulates buying on the Internet?
Federal Trade Commission FTC
She fought to change working conditions in sweatshops by arguing for the minimum wage, eight-hour workdays, and children's rights. Also helped found the NAACP.
Florence Kelly
A clause in registration laws allows people who do not meet registration requirements to vote if they or their ancestors had voted before 1867.
Grandfather Clause
Prohibited the sale of interstate commerce goods produced by children.
Keating-Owen Act
White supremacy organization that violently intimidated Black Americans.
Ku Klux Klan
Who was Susan B. Anthony?
Leader for the women's suffrage movement.
A test is given to persons to prove they can read and write before being allowed to register to vote
Literacy Test
When small vigilante mobs or elaborately organized community events where an individual (typically black) was publicly hung due to a crime (true or perceived). Resulting from white supremacy or fear of black sexuality.
Lynchings
Which of the following is not true about "Jim Crow" Laws?
Made discrimination practices illegal
Signed by Taft in March of 1909 in contrast to campaign promises. Was supposed to lower tariff rates but Senator Nelson N. Aldrich of Rhode Island put revisions that raised tariffs. This split the Repulican party into progressives (lower tariff) and conservatives (high tariff).
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
This reduced the tariff rates but also enacted a corporation tax and split the Republican party. It alienated both the Progressive and conservative Republicans and gained a reputation for being weak and indecisive.
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Supreme court ruling that said segregation was legal:
Plessy vs Ferguson
A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity.
Political Machine
Often referred to as "the Noble Experiment", this piece of legislation banned the production, sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Its roots can be found in the temperance movement of the late 1800s Progressive Era. It became increasingly unpopular and was eventually repealed. However, it did lower the amount of drinking within the United States.
Prohibition
The procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office.
Recall
A legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate.
Referendum
Racially motivated massacre of Black Americans and destruction of a black town that took place during the first week of January 1923 in rural Levy County, Florida.
Rosewood Massacre
A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.
Sharecropping
This key term identifies the belief that class distinctions were a result of natural selection.
Social Darwinism
The idea that religious faith should be expressed through good works, and that churches had a moral obligation to help solve societies problems was what?
Social Gospel
Economic policy by Roosevelt favored fair relationships between companies and workers
Square Deal
Teddy Roosevelts general philosophy and program for fairness in government and society, which he attempted to implement through legislation controlling big business, reforming industry practices to protect consumers, and conserving natural resources.
Square Deal
The name given to Theodore Roosevelt's progressive policies.
Square Deal
Theodore Roosevelt's promise of fair and equal treatment for all (4 C's).
Square Deal
Federal Reserve Bank
Strictly one of the the twelve Federal Reserve Banks which form a major part of the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States.
The social reformer who campaigned for women's rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association.
Susan B. Anthony
According to W. E. B. DuBois, the ten percent of the black population that had the talent to bring respect and equality to all blacks.
Talented Tenth
The president of the Square Deal, trust busting, Hepburn Act, Panama Canal
Teddy Roosevelt
Strike by the United Coal Workers of America, threatening to shut down the winter coal supply. Theodore Roosevelt intervened federally, and resolved the dispute.
Coal Strike of 1902
A movement that supports conservation, especially that of natural resources.
Conservationism
The burning and destruction of the neighborhood of Greenwood, which was also known as Black Wall Street. Many residents were killed. The perpetrators of the violence were not held accountable and the even those who held insurance policies on their homes and businesses never received an insurance payment
Tulsa Massacre of 1921
This college was built by Booker T. Washington and located in Alabama.
Tuskegee University
This is a private university in Alabama set up during Reconstruction to help freed slaves receive an education. It was originally led by Booker T. Washington.
Tuskegee University
This US President angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.
William Howard Taft
Insurrection & racial violence started when white citizens overthrew a legitimately elected government headed by Black Americans and pro-Black whites, expelling them from the city. Also a mob of nearly 2000 white men attacked the black community destroying the only black newspaper in the state and other black businesses.
Wilmington Insurrection of 1898
What president established the Federal Reserve System?
Woodrow Wilson
Which President helped to organize the League of Nations?
Woodrow Wilson
Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act to
keep industries from cutting off competition
Apartment with little sanitation or safety:
tenement
What was implemented to make it difficult for blacks to vote?
testing and high poll taxes
The Sherman Antitrust Act
outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade.
An economic ploy used to restrict the voting rights of targeted citizens.
poll tax
The Clayton Antitrust Act was passed to
restore business competition
The Jim Crow laws made________ legal.
segregation
During the Progressive Era, Jane Addams responded to urban conditions by working to establish
settlement houses that provided assistance to the poor.
The most common form of farm work for freed slaves was
sharecropping
What kind of farming replaced the plantation system in Texas after the Civil War?
sharecropping
Ida Tarbell was one of the Progressive Era's muckrakers.
true
What was the Supreme Court's position in Plessy v. Ferguson?
A law could require separate facilities, if all facilities were equal.
Define the Progressive Era
A time when people began to recognize the need for positive change in the areas of working conditions, transportation, and social groups
Leader of the National Woman's party campaigned for an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution
Alice Paul
A movement also known as the Colonization movement, originated in the United States in the nineteenth century, and encouraged those of African descent to return to the African homelands of their ancestors. This movement would eventually inspire other movements ranging from the Nation of Islam to the Rastafari movement.
Back to Africa
Condition of being deprived of the right to vote.
Disenfranchisement
A book by John Riis that told the public about the lives of the immigrants and those who live in the tenements
How the Other Half Lives
Jacob Riis prompted housing reforms by revealing the poor living conditions in the slums of New York in his book .
How the Other Half Lives
African American journalist. published statistics about lynching urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcars or shop in white-owned stores.
Ida B. Wells
A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.
Ida Tarbell
Who wrote "The History of Standard Oil"?
Ida Tarbell
A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment.
Initiative
How did Social Darwinism affect the spread of European imperialism?
It increased due to the belief that superior groups could dominate inferior ones.
Who published "How the Other Half Live"?
Jacob Riis
Social reformer who founded hull house in Chicago:
Jane Addams
The Hull House, which was a settlement house, was founded by
Jane Addams
1908 - Louis D Branders got the Supreme Court to accept laws protecting women against the harmful effects of factory labor
Muller vs. Oregon
Organization that promoted greater rights for African Americans:
NAACP
National Association of Colored Women
NACW
Democrat Woodrow Wilson's political slogan in the presidential campaign of 1912; Wilson wanted to improve the banking system, lower tariffs, and, by breaking up monopolies, give small businesses freedom to compete.
New Freedom
Which statement best summarizes the beliefs of Booker T. Washington?
The most immediate means for African Americans to achieve equality was to expand their opportunities for vocational education.
In the Progressive Era what is meant by "suffrage"?
The right for women to vote.
A leading muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meatpacking industry in Chicago.
Upton Sinclair
This muckraker wrote the jungle, in which he exposed the dangerous working conditions and unsanitary practices in meat packing industry.
Upton Sinclair
Who was the "Muckraker" that wrote "The Jungle" and helped expose the filth and poor working conditions of the meat packing industry.
Upton Sinclair
The NAACP was led by
W.E.B DuBois
In 1900, who founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People?
W.E.B duBois
Opposed Booker T. Washington. Wanted social and political integration as well as higher education for 10% of African Americans-what he called a "Talented Tenth". Founder of the Niagara Movement which led to the creation of the NAACP.
W.E.B. DuBois
A provision saying that a voter does NOT have to take a literacy test if his father was eligible to vote on a certain date is an example of
a grandfather clause.
Jim Crow laws...
enforced the segregation of the races
The primary goal of the NAACP was
equality among the races
Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle" prompted Congress to take what action?
establish a system for food inspection
Ida Tarbell was an active leader in the women's suffrage movement.
false
The Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) and the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) were similar in that both were designed to
limit the power of big business