PROJECT DEVELOPMENT & DOCUMENTATION

Refer to the exhibit. An architect is designing a luxury hotel in a tropical climate. A structural engineer provides an initial sketch for a steel arch shoe detail to an exterior glulam timber canopy at the hotel entrance. Which one of the following long-term issues should the architect expect to result from the detail?

Glulam decay due to moisture build-up inside the arch shoe. A steel arch shoe must be provided with a drain slot in order to minimize moisture buildup inside the steel arch shoe.

An existing open office space currently has a noise intensity level of 65 decibels. The client would like to reduce the level of noise to provide a quieter environment. Installation of acoustical panels will reduce the noise level of the space to 55 decibels. What is the perceived change in noise intensity?

Half as loud Correct. A 10 decibel change is perceived as half as loud.

The owner of a rental space is looking to upgrade their lighting to a more efficient lighting package. The architect and engineer are looking to select a type of light to achieve this goal. Which light type should the architect choose to provide the highest efficacy?

High-pressure sodium (HPS) Correct. HPS lights have an efficacy of between 65-130 lumens per watt (LPW) and are a good choice for this project. Light-emitting diode (LED) Incorrect. The efficacy of an LED light is typically 35-90 LPW, which is not the best efficacy of the available sources presented in this question.

An architect is working with an IT consultant for the design of the communication/data systems for a new single-story office building. The client desires to have a clean open floor plan as much as possible, with flexibility for future expansion and reconfigurations. Which of the following considerations are the most critical during the space planning stage?

Horizontal distribution method Correct. The two main methods for the horizontal distribution of data cables are either through the ceiling space or under the floor surface using a raised access floor system. Each system will have a different impact on the floor-to-floor heights of the structural system, so it is important to select the horizontal distribution system early on in design. Service entrance room Correct. Locating the service entrance room will be an important early step. It is also recommended to allow space for empty conduits to be installed during construction to allow for future expansion. Satellite closet requirement Correct. It is important to determine whether or not satellite closets are required early in design to prevent having to incorporate them once the plan has been finalized. Riser closet locations Correct. Riser closet locations should be considered in the early planning stages, as there is a maximum run length for fiber optic cable. Workstation layout Incorrect. While it is going to be important to know where the open office space will be located, the workstation design is not important at this early stage, as the cables will be run from a nearby riser room. Vertical distribution system Incorrect. Since the project is only one story, the vertical distribution system is not critical to the overall design.

A homeowner in Minnesota has called their architect back to determine the cause of ice damming at the roof eaves of their home in the winter. The roof is sloped at a 5:12 pitch and has fiberglass shingles, ridge vents, and a 24-inch overhang. The attic is insulated with R-50 batts above and between the ceiling joists of the top floor. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the ice damming?

Inadequate attic ventilation Correct. An attic space without proper air flow is a likely cause of ice damming in the winter. Improper attic ventilation can be a result of incorrect sizing and placement of roof vents or attic insulation that was installed incorrectly and blocks the flow of air from vents in the roof eaves. Oversized roof overhang Incorrect. A 24-inch overhang would not be considered oversized in this situation and should not cause ice damming if the attic is properly ventilated.

An architect is specifying lighting for a high-end jewelry store. Which light sources should the architect consider?

LED Correct. LEDs can offer a high color rendering index (CRI) and are energy efficient and versatile, making them a good option. Metal halide Correct. Metal halide lights offer a high color rendering index (CRI) and are often used in retail stores. Tungsten halogen Correct. Tungsten halogen bulbs offer a focused light and a high color rendering index (CRI). Compact fluorescent (CFL) Incorrect. CFLs do not have a high color rendering index (CRI) and are not appropriate for this situation. T8 fluorescent Incorrect. T8 fluorescent bulbs do not have a high color rendering index (CRI) and are not appropriate for this situation.

An architect is designing a new masonry hospital. The client is specifically concerned with decreasing the amount of maintenance needed for the exterior walls. What type of pointing can the architect specify to increase the resistance of the masonry walls to water intrusion?

"V" shaped Correct. V shaped joints are designed to shed water away from the face of the masonry wall, and are a good option for finishing mortar joints when weathering is a concern. Flush Incorrect. Flush joints mean the face of the mortar is flush with the face of the masonry, so they are less resistant to water than other kinds of joints. Flush joints are used when a stucco coating is to be applied over the masonry.

WHat are the CSI MAter Spec Categories?

00 GENERAL PROJECT REQUIREMENTS 01 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 02 EXISTING CONDITIONS 03 CONCRETE 04 MASONRY 05 METALS 06 WOOD, PLASTICS, AND COMPOSITES 07 THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION 08 OPENINGS 09 FINISHES 10 SPECIALTIES 11 EQUIPMENT 12 FURNISHINGS 13 SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION 14 CONVEYING EQUIPMENT 21 FIRE SUPPRESSION 22 PLUMBING 23 HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) 25 INTEGRATED AUTOMATION 26 ELECTRICAL 27 COMMUNICATIONS 28 ELECTRONIC SAFETY AND SECURITY 31 EARTHWORK 32 EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS 33 UTILITIES 34 TRANSPORTATION 35 WATERWAY AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION 40 PROCESS INTEGRATION 41 MATERIAL PROCESSING AND HANDLING EQUIPMENT 42 PROCESS HEATING, COOLING, AND DRYING EQUIPMENT 43 PROCESS GAS AND LIQUID HANDLING, PURIFICATION, AND STORAGE EQUIPMENT 44 POLLUTION AND WASTE CONTROL EQUIPMENT 45 INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT 46 WATER AND WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT 48 ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION

A developer has hired an architect for an apartment building project. A swimming pool is to be built on the roof of the building, and the architect wants to confirm the minimum design load for the pool support framing. Assume the following: The weight of the pool structure is to be ignored. Water weight is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot. The pool has a uniform depth of eight feet. What is the minimum design load for the pool support framing? Round up to the nearest whole number.

1. 62.4 lbs/ft3 (water weight) x 8 ft (pool depth) = 499.2 lbs/ft2, rounded up to 500 lbs/ft2 Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

An architect is specifying the toilets for a new multi-family project. According to the U.S. Energy Policy Act of 1992, what are the maximum allowable gallons per flush?

1.6 gallons Correct. The answer is 1.6 gallons. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 outlawed the installation of toilets that use more than 1.6 gallons to flush.

The piping for a new condominium building is copper. The engineering consultant is designing the plumbing line connections from the main supply line to the plumbing fixtures. Along with materials, the engineer must provide the dimensions of the pipes to be used to ensure proper water pressure. What is the minimum diameter for the pipe required for a cold water supply to a kitchen sink?

1/2 inch Correct. A 1/2-inch-diameter pipe for cold water supply is sufficient.

1 candela equals to ____ lumens

12.57

An elevated walkway is being planned to connect two buildings on a college campus. The architect wants to design a sloped glass wall on the north side of this walkway, but is concerned about the cost to meet the International Building Code requirements for sloped glazing. What is the maximum degree of slope from the vertical plane at which the glazing can be installed without having to meet these requirements?

15 degrees Correct. The International Building Code considers sloped glazing to be an installation greater than 15 degrees from the vertical plane.

a pressure of 1 psi makes the column of water about how many inches tall?

2.31 feet

Where seismic or wind forces are a cause for concern, several building codes require that stabilizing moment equals at least 1.5 times the overturning moment. Following this code requirement, what will be the minimum weight (W) of the wall shown in the attached drawing?

74 kips Correct. This is a three-part calculation. First, we must calculate the moment about point B. Then, we must calculate the weight of the wall needed to stabilize against this moment. Finally, we must apply the 1.5 factor of safety. Step 1: Calculate the moment about point B.The overturning moment will equal the sum of moments produced by the lateral forces about point B. We calculate around point B because that is the point around which the structure would overturn, if forces acting from the left of the diagram were strong enough to overturn it. The force at the 2nd floor is 8 kips, and is 15' away from point B along the Y-axis. The force at the 3rd floor is also 8 kips, and is 25' away from point B along the Y-axis. The force at the 4th floor is 12 kips and is 45' away from point B along the Y-axis. The equation is as follows: M ov(B) = 8 kips x 15ft + 8 kips x (15ft + 10ft) + 12 kips x (15ft + 10ft + 10ft) M ov(B) = 8 x 15 + 8 x 25 + 12 x 35 M ov(B) = 740 kip-ft Step 2: The stabilizing moment is given by the following equation, where 'w' is the weight of the wall needed to stabilize the structure. (We will use a capital 'W' in the next equation, which accounts for the factor of safety.)Since the wall acts upon the centroidal axis of the structure (that is, it is in the middle of the building), we must find the distance along the X-axis from point B to the wall. Since the building is 30 feet wide, we divide 30 in half to arrive at the distance of the moment arm.By definition, the stabilizing moment, M st(B), is equal to the overturning moment, M ov(B). M st(B) = w (30 ft / 2) 740 kip-ft = w (15 ft) 740 kip-ft / 15 ft = w 49.33 kips = w Step 3: Finally, we apply the 1.5 factor of safety. This is simply done by multiplying 1.5 times the stabilizing moment: W = factor of safety (w) W = 1.5 (49.33 kips) W = 74 kips

15 degrees Correct. The International Building Code considers sloped glazing to be an installation greater than 15 degrees from the vertical plane.

75' Correct. Per Table 906.3(1) of the 2018 International Building Code, the maximum travel distance for a Class A fire extinguisher is 75 feet.

A section of wood trim is 1.25" thick, 4.5" wide, and 8' 0" long. The wood costs $8.50 per board foot. How much does this piece of wood cost? Round up to the nearest cent.

A board foot is a unit of measurement used to measure wood trim and lumber. A board foot is equal to a 12-inch-square piece of wood that is 1" thick. To obtain the answer to the question, first convert the length of the wood trim from feet to inches. Then, working in inches, calculate the volume of the wood trim in cubic inches by multiplying the length times the width times the thickness. Step 1: 8 feet x 12 = 96 inches Step 2: 96" x 4.5" x 1.25" = 540 cubic inchesSince there are 144 cubic inches in a board foot (12" long x 12" wide x 1" deep = 144 cubic inches), calculate the number of board feet in the volume of wood trim by dividing the volume by 144. Step 3: 540/144 = 3.75 board feet Finally, calculate the cost of the wood trim by multiplying the cost per board foot times the number of board feet. Step 4: 3.75 x $8.50 = $31.875.Round $31.875 to $31.88.

What is a french drain?

A trench filled with gravel/rocks containing a perforated pipe that direct surface water to a storm drain the main purpose of a French drain is to divert water that is pooling against or leaking into a property away from the building itself so that it can be safely drained away

The owner of a large mixed-use development in an urban setting has asked the architect to advise on the order and schedule of architectural deliverables. When should the architect recommend submitting drawings to the proper planning and permitting authority to begin the approval process?

After the design development phase, once a set of drawings has been prepared specifically for permitting purposes Correct. It is often necessary to prepare a set of documents specifically for permitting. Whether physical or digital, a record of submission history to the authority having jurisdiction should be established when the project is submitted for a building permit. After the design development phase, once the final color of all exterior materials has been confirmed by the owner Incorrect. An architect may delay the overall project schedule by waiting to file a project until after minor aesthetic choices have been confirmed. It is still possible to make these kinds of aesthetic changes to a project after it is filed with the authority having jurisdiction.

A client would like the layout of the break room in a new commercial building to be reversed. The room was designed so that it is rectangular and the amount of casework will remain the same after the space is flipped. Which document should the architect issue to the contractor to initiate this change?

Architect's supplemental instructions Correct. Architect's supplemental instructions are directions given by the architect for a minor change in the work that does not affect the contract sum or time. Construction change directive Incorrect. A construction change directive is signed by the owner and architect and is executed before the change becomes a change order.

What is ventilation baffle?

Baffles are chutes that, when installed properly, can provide a channel for air to flow from your exterior soffit vents up into your attic space. That airflow is intended to churn the stale air in your attic which helps to remove moisture and control the temperature of your attic.

A mechanical engineer is designing the heating system for a house in Alaska. The degree days must be calculated in order to know how much heat will be required. What information is needed in order to calculate degree days?

Baseline temperature Correct. Degree days are calculated against a baseline temperature, which is usually 65 degrees. Climate data Correct. Degree days are calculated based on average daily temperatures. Climate zone Incorrect. Climate zone is not a factor for calculating degree days.

A local property owner is looking to retrofit their existing two-story building with a solar array that has the capability to return unused energy into the power grid. The owner is hoping to utilize as much of the existing infrastructure as possible to keep costs at a minimum. Which of the following components might the owner need to add or replace to incorporate the new solar array into the building?

Battery Correct. Although the building is still connected to the utility grid, a battery or battery bank is recommended to store solar energy for use in the event of power outages. Bus bar Correct. The bus bar helps with the transmission of energy, allowing for higher voltages and better transmission efficiency. Bus bars can be found in numerous applications within a PV system, including within the PV panels, between batteries in a battery bank, and within the panelboard. Meter Correct. Since the new system is being integrated into an existing building and the owner intends to return unused solar energy to the grid, the existing meter will need to be replaced with one that also has the ability to measure the amount of energy that is returned to the grid. This process is referred to as net-metering. Inverter Correct. An inverter is required to convert the solar energy from DC current to AC current to be used within the building. Main distribution panel Incorrect. The existing main distribution panel does not need to be updated to account for the new solar array system.

An architect is designing an expansion joint for a 200-foot-long building. The movement will be primarily controlled by the steel roof deck, which will experience a 120º F temperature differential. Only one control joint will be located on the wall. What will the size of the expansion joint be? Reference Formulas: change in length = coefficient of expansion x original length x change in temperature coefficient of expansion = .0000065 / º F

CALCULATIONS 1. 0.0000065 x 200-foot-long building x 120º F = .156 feet 2. 0.156 feet x 12 inches / 1 foot = 1.872 inches Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

The owner provides the architect with specific performance and payment bonds for the project. In which section should the architect place the performance and payment bond information?

CORRECT RESPONSE 00 73 00 - Supplementary Conditions Supplementary Conditions is where owner-specific items are located in the specifications. The Supplementary Conditions section supplements (or changes) the general conditions of the contract. Topic: Project Manual & Specifications

A project team is completing the design for a fast-track renovation project while demolition is underway. The new design calls for non-insulated metal stud furring along the perimeter of the existing insulated masonry wall. During demolition, though, the construction manager discovers that the walls are missing the insulation indicated in the documents for the existing building. The architect and construction manager determine that foamed-in insulation to the full depth of the stud cavity will provide the desired R-value for the exterior wall system. Which bid packages should be released in conjunction with the insulation bid package?

CORRECT RESPONSE 26 05 34 - Conduit for Electrical Systems & 26 05 37 - Electrical Boxes Conduit and electrical boxes will be run in the framed walls and should be installed prior to the insulation so that insulation will not need to be cut out and replaced for electrical rough-in.

When a 60% project cost estimate for a three-story office building comes in over budget, the architect decides to value engineer the building's exterior wall finish system. The project originally called for glazed aluminum curtainwall cladding with a low-gloss fluoropolymer custom color finish. The owner has requested that the architect select the least expensive system that will also retain the aesthetics of the original design. Which system should the architect select?

CORRECT RESPONSE A storefront system with a powder coated finish. A storefront system is the least expensive cladding system. Powder coating is less expensive than fluoropolymer, and powder coating offers a wider variety of colors and glosses than a baked enamel finish. Topic: Construction Cost Estimates

An A/E firm is designing a four-story office building with concrete beams and a two-way slab system. During documentation, the structural engineer tells the architect that the slab thickness must increase from four inches to five inches due to the increased floor finish weight. However, the concrete beam depth can stay the same. Which one of the following will need to be reviewed?

CORRECT RESPONSE Concrete column dimension The dimensions of the structural concrete columns may increase or need additional rebar due to the increased floor finish and concrete weight resulting from the thickened slabs. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

A truss manufacturer tells the general contractor of a residential project that the truss design should change in the following ways: Heel heights will need to increase from 8" to 12". Layout will change from 24" o.c. to 12" o.c. Bottom chords will increase from 2x4 to 2x6. Truss bearing elevation will not be affected. The architect is updating the construction documents to show the truss changes. The roof framing plan and building sections have already been updated. What additional drawing will need to be updated?

CORRECT RESPONSE Exterior elevations The exterior elevations will be affected by the truss changes, and the truss heel height will change the elevation of the roof. Topic: Construction Documentation Structural general notes

An architect wants to reduce low-frequency sound transmission through a single-wythe CMU wall. Which of the following options will be most effective?

CORRECT RESPONSE Filling the cells of the masonry units with sand. Low frequency sound does not transfer well through sand as it increases the mass. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems Providing applied acoustical panels on the noise-producing side of the wall.

An architect is working on a phased fast-track commercial project. While digging the foundation, the excavator finds evidence of high ground water that had not been revealed from test pits and the geotechnical report. The concrete subcontractor suggests changing the concrete stem wall and footing foundation to a concrete slab-on-grade foundation. Which members of the project team will the architect need to consult?

CORRECT RESPONSE Geotechnical engineer, client, and structural engineer The geotechnical engineer will be consulted over the high ground water issue and foundation recommendation. The client will need to be informed of the situation and approve the change. The structural engineer will need to oversee and detail the change in foundation. Topic: Construction Documentation

An architect is designing a university research lab. The university provides three manufacturers of a piece of specialty equipment to the architect, who will include them in a set of open proprietary specifications. The client also provides the following information: Manufacturer A is preferred to Manufacturers B or C. No products from other manufacturers will be accepted. What should the architect include in the specifications?

CORRECT RESPONSE Requested alternates In open proprietary specifications with requested alternates, the architect can list Manufacturer B and Manufacturer C as alternates. Bidders will include both base bids and prices for each alternate product. The architect can then decide if installing Manufacturer B's or Manufacturer C's product will result in significant savings. No other substitution is allowed. Topic: Project Manual & Specifications

An A/E firm is designing an addition to a building. The addition features a masonry veneer exterior wall, and because of past experiences with such walls, the firm wants to take care to avoid an early onset of efflorescence. From exterior to interior, the wall assembly consists of the following: Nominal face brick 2" air cavity 8" CMU backup wall with insulating foam inserts in cores 2" rigid insulation between Z furring 1/2" gypsum wallboard Which one of the following design choices should the A/E firm make during design documentation?

CORRECT RESPONSE Specify masonry units and mortar that do not contain water-soluble salts or dirty ingredients. Reducing the salts and other dirty ingredients in the masonry assembly will reduce the chances of efflorescence developing at any time within the building's life. Even if water does find its way into the cavity, the lack of contaminants for it to push to the surface of the assembly will minimize or nullify the formation of efflorescence. Section: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

An architect is designing a new restaurant located at street level. The restaurant has an occupant load of 200 persons and requires a total exit width of 60". Which one of the following fulfills the minimum exit requirements?

CORRECT RESPONSE Two separate exit doors, swinging out. Providing two exit doors, swinging out, complies with code. Note that even though one pair is sufficient. Per code and t200 people, two different means of egress are required.

Refer to the exhibit. An architect needs to select a wall type with a wall cavity R-value of 16 or greater for the design of a wood-framed, low-rise building. Which wall type should the architect select?

CORRECT RESPONSE Wall Type A R-value of 16.67 CALCULATIONS 1. Calculate R-value by converting U to R: 1 / .06 =16.67 Topic: Codes & Regulations

An architect notices a conflict between a two-inch sanitary line and a structural beam. The beam is a W24 steel wide flange with one end supported by a steel girder and the other end supported by a concrete wall. The architect wants to disturb the structural system as little as possible. Where should the architect detail the beam penetration?

CORRECT RESPONSE Web opening at the beam middle span. This location is preferable as the shear force of a simply supported beam at middle span is zero. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

An architecture firm is designing a new university laboratory building. Though the project is currently in the bidding phase, the university board passes a campus-wide long-term sustainability goal that requires all new construction on campus to follow more stringent criteria. As a result, the architect issues an addendum about changes to the contract documents. Drag the section titles into the boxes in the addendum to indicate the CSI recommended ordering of addendum sections.

CORRECT RESPONSES CHANGES TO PROCUREMENT REQUIREMENTS CHANGES TO CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS CHANGES TO SPECIFICATIONS CHANGES TO DRAWINGS CSI recommends that addenda items be arranged in the same sequence as the project manual and the drawings. Topic: Project Manual & Specifications

An architect is placing and detailing vertical expansion joints in a one-story, "L" shaped masonry elementary school. The exterior walls consist of 1'-4"-thick cavity wall construction with face brick and a 10" CMU backup. The CMU wall is structural. What should the architect consider when locating and detailing the joints?

CORRECT RESPONSES Changes in the moisture content over time in the brick and CMU. Over time, brick absorbs moisture and therefore expands, while CMU continues to cure and shrink. While detailing the joints, these differentials need to be considered, especially when choosing a sealant. Changes in the direction of the exterior cavity wall construction. Expansion joints should be located at or near changes in wall direction as they are areas more likely to experience stress and therefore movement. Location of the penetrations in the exterior cavity wall construction. Expansion joints should be located at or near wall penetrations, such as doors or windows, and also at connections of the wall to other dissimilar materials, such as curtain walls. Topic: Construction Documentation

An architect is selecting an HVAC system for a new hospital in a hot, humid climate. The client wants an efficient system that reduces the spread of air pollutants and contaminants throughout the hospital. Which combination of systems should the architect select?

CORRECT RESPONSES Direct outside air systems In combination with active chilled beams, a DOAS consistently provides high indoor air quality by divorcing ventilation requirements from heating and cooling demands. Active chilled beams In combination with DOAS, active chilled beams provide excellent energy efficiency and do not use recirculated air to provide cooling. The lack of air recirculation also eliminates the potential spread of pollutants and contaminants from one part of a building to another. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems Multizone constant air volume systems Central air and water systems

An architect is designing a strip mall with a canopy-covered walkway that runs along the storefronts. The client wants the fascia of the canopy-covered walkway to accommodate tenant signage. The turnover rate for smaller tenants will be 18 to 24 months. Tenant signs will range in size and are required to be direct mount channel signage for individual letters and logos. Which materials and methods of construction should the architect recommend?

CORRECT RESPONSES Plywood sheathing installed on the framing behind the weather barrier and finish material. Plywood sheathing installed behind the finish material, with a proper weather barrier, will allow different types of signs to be directly attached to the facade. Soffit panels installed in canopy to access the back of the fascia wall. Access to the back of the fascia allows for electrical access, which will be needed for sign change-over and maintenance. Field-painted fiber cement panels directly applied over the weather barrier and direct to sheathing. Fiber cement panels applied directly over the weather barrier allows for channel signage to be fastened directly through the panel into the sheathing behind. Field-painted panels can be repaired and repainted.

An architect is adding a single door to an exit corridor in a clinic. The door swings in the direction of egress and the space it serves has an occupant load of 100. The door is tied to an access control system. What hardware should be specified for the door?

CORRECT RESPONSES Rim exit device with panic bar hardware on the egress side of the door. Rim exit devices are used for a single door. The panic bar is required due to the number of occupants served. Proximity card reader installed on the lock side of the door. The card access system is mounted on the lock side or outside of the secured door. Jamb mounted, surface mounted electric strike. A surface mounted electric strike will work with the rim exit device that is required for proper latching. Topic: Construction Documentation

A school district is adding photovoltaic panels to a high school. The panels will connect to the existing electrical grid system and supplement the school's power. The electrical utility company has agreed to purchase any excess power generated by the panels through a buy-back program. However, the buy-back program will only purchase power generated during the winter. The school district wants to earn as much revenue from this program as possible. How should the panels be mounted?

CORRECT RESPONSES Roof-mounted in parallel rows at a latitude of plus 15º. Roof-mounted locations will function throughout daylight hours. Due to the emphasis on winter sales of excess power, the tilt of the panels should maximize winter power production. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

An architect is coordinating the design of a building facade with the mechanical system. The facade of the building will feature both opaque and vision glass. Which attributes of the facade will impact the design of the mechanical system?

CORRECT RESPONSES Shading coefficient of the glass Shading coefficient is the ratio of solar heat gain through the glass from radiation. When the shading coefficient number decreases, there will be a reduction in heat gain, which will have an impact on the design of the mechanical system. Window-to-wall ratio of the facade Through its potential to regulate heat gain and loss, the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) will have an impact on the design of the mechanical system. U-value performance of the facade Insulating glass increases a window's thermal performance. U-value measures the transmission of heat through the glazing material. Topic: Integration of Building Materials & Systems

Drag the system tags into the boxes in the project list to indicate the elevator control systems that are most appropriate for each project type. Not all system tags will be used.

CORRECT RESPONSES Single Automatic Pushbutton - Single Family Residential This handles only one call at a time, providing an uninterrupted trip for each call. This type of control system is an appropriate choice for Single Family Residential. Selective Collective - 4-Story University Laboratory, 4-Story Apartment Building, and Department Store This stores all calls until they are answered and automatically reverses the direction of travel at the highest and lowest calls. This is the most common control type, and it is appropriate for the 4-Story University Laboratory, Department Store, and 4-Story Apartment Building. Destination Dispatch - Highrise Office Tower This is an optimization technique used for multi-elevator installations in which groups of passengers head to the same destinations using the same elevators, thereby reducing waiting and travel times. This type of system is especially useful in highrise buildings, making this type of control system appropriate for the Highrise Office Tower. Topic: Construction Documentation

An architect and electrical engineer for a senior living facility are reviewing the options for fire detection systems for the building. Which of the following detection devices can be used to facilitate the escape of occupants from a building in the event of a fire?

Carbon monoxide detectors Correct. Carbon monoxide detectors can be useful for detecting lethal amounts of carbon dioxide that are emitted from a fire. They are also useful in detecting carbon monoxide that may be leaking from a gas-fired furnace. Photoelectric detectors Correct. A photoelectric detector is a type of smoke detector that aims a light beam at a light-sensitive photo cell. The detector is triggered when enough smoke from a fire scatters the light beam and blocks it from reaching the cell. Heat detectors Correct. Heat detectors are tripped when the heat from a fire reaches a set temperature. They must be close to the source of the fire to be effective, and should never be the only type of fire detection in a building. Ionization detectors Correct. An ionization detector is a type of smoke detector that uses a tiny amount of radioactive material to detect smoke particles from a fire. Spot detectors Incorrect. Spot detectors are single-unit security devices that are typically attached to doors and windows.

An architect is compiling the final specifications for a gymnasium. They find that, in addition to their own section on earthwork, there are also earthwork sections in the structural and civil engineering specifications. Each of these three sections has a different focus and directives. What should the architect do with these three earthworks sections?

Combine all three into one section Correct. The architect should review and discuss the particulars of each spec section with the civil and structural engineers to reach a concise agreement of what information should be included and who will be providing the revised specification. Keep all three as separate sections Incorrect. Including all three sections could lead to confusion in bidding and construction, as well as potential liability issues.

Quality control is an important part of the construction document process, and it is necessary for producing an accurate set of construction documents. Which of the following items are critical to the quality control review process?

Completeness review Correct. An assessment of the completeness of architectural drawings, consultant drawings, and specifications should be included in a quality control review. Technical detailing review Correct. It is critically important to have the technical details reviewed by senior staff. These reviews typically focus on the exterior wall detailing, but can include a review of the entire construction document set. Compliance review Correct. A quality control review should include an evaluation of compliance with regulatory requirements such as zoning and code requirements, as well as compliance with programmatic requirements and performance. Coordination review Correct. A quality control review should include a review of coordination between the architectural drawings and structural, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing drawings, as well as coordination between any other consultant drawings and the project specifications. Aesthetic review Incorrect. A review of aesthetics is not typical in a quality control review. Aesthetics are subjective and thus their quality is difficult to define and review.

An architect is designing a new concrete floor system for a quality-assurance laboratory space inside a new automotive facility. Extra care and consideration has been taken in the design of the new floor slab in preparation for the specialized testing equipment that will be used within the lab. Which of the following tests should the architect incorporate into the specification to ensure the floor meets the performance requirements? Check the three that apply.

Compression test Correct. The compression test verifies the compressive strength of the concrete at specified intervals. Flatness test Correct. Since precision instruments are going to be used in the space, it is important that the floor flatness/levelness is within the tolerance specified by the equipment vendors. Slump test Correct. The slump test verifies the workability of the concrete mix. Air content test Incorrect. This test is used to measure the air entrapment within the mix to counteract freeze/thaw conditions. As this is an interior slab, the temperature should remain consistent year round. This particular test is more common with exterior concrete.

An architect is coordinating with the landscape consultant to select overflow parking lot pavement material for a new church. The church is located near a lake, so water quality is a concern. The client would like a material that is mid-level in terms of initial cost, maintenance cost, and water quality effectiveness. Which of the following materials is the best fit for these criteria?

Concrete pavers Correct. Concrete pavers are the best solution for mid-level water quality effectiveness, initial cost, and maintenance cost. Pervious concrete Incorrect. Pervious concrete has a high initial cost and high maintenance cost.

A company purchased land for their new large office building in an area with strict height limitations. The owner is looking to build as many floors of office space as possible. Which mechanical systems should the architect suggest to the owner to reduce the required floor-to-floor height of the building?

Constant air volume Correct. Constant air volume (CAV) systems allow for smaller ductwork and therefore can decrease the overall floor-to-floor height. Active chilled beams Correct. Active chilled beams utilize smaller ductwork that runs in conjunction with the already required structure. This allows the floor-to-floor height to be minimized. Hydronic convectors Correct. All-water systems allow for water lines to be the main method of heating and cooling, eliminating the need for large ductwork above the ceiling. This reduces the required floor-to-floor height. Packaged terminal units Correct. Packaged terminal units require no ductwork, thus eliminating the need for mechanical space in the ceiling and reducing the floor-to-floor height. Passive solar heating Incorrect. Though passive solutions can greatly eliminate the need for large mechanical systems, passive solar heating is best suited for smaller or medium-sized buildings, not large office buildings. Passive systems also highly depend on air temperature and are not appropriate in all climates.

An architect is exploring options for different ways to form concrete for a landscape wall. The architect desires an exposed concrete finish that is decorative and highly textured. Which formwork materials should the architect consider?

Corrugated metal Correct. Corrugated metal leaves a ribbed pattern in the concrete. Board formed Correct. Board formed concrete leaves an impression of the wood grain on the face of the finished concrete. Plywood Incorrect. Plywood would not provide the decorative textured look that the architect desires.

Due to excessive groundwater, the architect has specified a perimeter drain around the building foundation. To which of the following could this drain pipe flow?

Daylight Correct. Subsurface drainage pipes from foundations should be designed to either run to daylight, a sump pump, or a storm sewer system. To drain a pipe to daylight means to direct the outlet to a location where the contents can drain away naturally. Sump pump Correct. Subsurface drainage pipes from foundations should be designed to either run to daylight, a sump pump, or a storm sewer system. Municipal storm sewer Correct. Subsurface drainage pipes from foundations should be designed to either run to daylight, a sump pump, or a storm sewer system. Water treatment facility Incorrect. Groundwater primarily comes from precipitation, so it would not go to the sanitary sewer treatment plant.

An architect is in the process of designing a home in a cold northern region when the owner asks to move the location of the home to a new site. So far, the architect has designed the house with the minimum materials needed to handle a snow load of 49 psf, but the new site has a snow load of 72 psf. The current design is a timber-framed style with large, open living areas. The roof has a 4:12 pitch and is supported by exposed timber trusses spaced 8'-0" on center, with purlins spaced 16" on center. Given the increased snow load, what changes can the architect recommend to accommodate the new loading while minimizing the changes to the home's aesthetic?

Decrease truss spacing to 6'-0" on center Correct. The decrease in truss spacing allows for member sizes to remain similar, and the decrease in span will only add a handful of trusses to the project, thereby minimizing costs while still maintaining the exposed structure aesthetic that the owner requests. Increase roof pitch to 6:12 Correct. By increasing the roof slope, snow is more likely to slide off of the roof, minimizing the amount of snow accumulating on the roof system. The increased roof pitch does not change the overall design of the roof system. Use larger timbers in the trusses Correct. While this is a more expensive option, the desired timber frame design aesthetic would not be greatly impacted by the larger-sized members. Decrease purlin spacing to 12" on center Correct. By decreasing the purlin spacing from 16" on center to 12" on center, the original roof design can remain intact. Use a double truss roof system Incorrect. Since the client wants to have a large open living area with exposed structure, the double truss system will substantially change the look of the space and may be seen as unattractive because it requires two trusses at every truss location. This option is better suited for areas where the structure is not exposed.

A project that is aiming to achieve a LEED Gold certification has included a commissioning agent in the staff budget. The lead architect is beginning to create a project schedule, and is determining when the commissioning process should begin. During which phase should the lead architect schedule the commissioning process to begin?

Design Correct. Commissioning is meant to confirm and support long-term building and systems performance, compliance with air quality mandates, and optimal occupant comfort. To best accomplish these tasks, commissioning should begin during the design phase and continue through the warranty period. Pre-occupancy Incorrect. While commissioning should take place before a building is occupied to test HVAC systems, ductwork and pipe insulation, life safety systems, etc., commissioning should begin during the design phase of a project.

The architect is doing a life-cycle inventory for a new office building that will be designed in accordance with sustainability guidelines. In order to properly source these materials and fit them into the construction sequence, the architect will need to better understand how they are manufactured. What is the embodied energy content of each of the materials listed below? Using the image below, drag the correct materials next to their corresponding value.

Embodied energy is the amount of energy needed to produce a material. Natural materials have lower levels of embodied energy than manufactured materials. The chart above illustrates the materials in order of magnitude from lowest to highest energy levels. The correct order should be: Sand and Gravel WoodLightweight ConcreteGypsum BoardBrickworkCement

A university has commissioned an addition to an old masonry building on the campus. The building is not landmarked but the university wishes to maintain its existing aesthetic. Which strategies can the architect use to effectively maintain the aesthetic?

Develop massing that is compatible with yet differentiated from the historic building Correct. Additions to historic buildings should be compatible with yet differentiated from the existing historic structure. This helps protect the historic integrity of the existing structure, but will not confuse users as to which building is historic and which is new. Specify new windows that resemble the existing ones Correct. Choosing similarly styled and sized windows allows for rhythm and continuity to play out across facades of the buildings. Match the existing brick color and coursing style Correct. Matching the new brick to the color and coursing style of existing brick creates continuity between old and new. Create similar proportions in the new facade Correct. Mimicking the facade proportions of existing buildings creates continuity between old and new. Imitate the landscaping around nearby buildings Incorrect. Landscaping is a secondary element and would not impact the "historic" aesthetic of the campus.

An architect is writing specifications for the replacement of the wood windows in their latest residential project. According to the 2018 CSI MasterFormat, in what specification section should the architect include the prefinished metal window flashing?

Division 07 — Thermal and Moisture Protection Correct. Because the metal flashing is part of the moisture mitigation system, it should be included in Division 07. Division 08 — Openings Incorrect. Although the flashing is critical to the window system, the specification should be in Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection because it helps to seal off the envelope from moisture.

An architect is designing a new residence in a climate that has both very cold winters and very hot summers. Which of the following bioclimatic design concepts are appropriate for both passive heating and cooling?

Earth sheltering Correct. Earth sheltering minimizes heat loss in the winter and heat gain in the summer. Indoor-outdoor rooms Correct. Indoor-outdoor rooms can promote heat gain in the winter or promote ventilation in the summer. Thermal envelope Correct. The thermal envelope of a structure can promote thermal storage in the winter and delay heat flow in the summer. Solar windows Incorrect. Solar windows are a design feature that promotes direct solar gain, which is beneficial for heating requirements during the winter season but not for cooling in the summer.

An architect is working on a small condominium project. The complex consists of eight residences, a common room, mail room, and service room. Six of the eight residences have 3' deep by 6' wide balconies supported by #8 rebar running perpendicular to the building facade. The project is under construction, and the architect has been told that the contractor is unable to source #8 rebar and has chosen to use #12 rebar instead. The #8 rebar costs $1.25/linear foot (LF) and is placed at 16" on center (OC) maximum. The #12 rebar costs $2.17/LF and is placed at 20" OC maximum. What will be the difference in cost for using the #12 rebar for the balconies? Round to the nearest cent.

Incorrect - the answer is 60.30 To determine the difference in cost between the two types of rebar, calculate the costs separately. #8 Rebar Convert the balcony width into inches: 6' x 12" = 72" Determine how much #8 rebar is needed if it's 16" on center: 72" / 16" = 4.5 spaces, which rounds to 5 spaces. 5 spaces means that 6 pieces of rebar must be used, since one bar will be needed at each end. Determine the cost per bar: $1.25/LF x 3' (the depth of the balcony) = $3.75/bar Determine the cost of the rebar per balcony: $3.75/bar x 6 bars/balcony = $22.50/balcony Determine the total cost for all balconies: $22.50/balcony x 6 balconies = $135.00 #12 Rebar Convert the balcony width into inches: 6' x 12" = 72" Determine how much #12 rebar is needed if it's 20" on center: 72" / 20" = 3.6 spaces, which rounds to 4 spaces. 4 spaces means that 5 pieces of rebar must be used, since one bar will be needed at each end. Determine the cost per bar: $2.17/LF x 3' (the depth of the balcony) = $6.51/bar Determine the cost of the rebar per balcony: $6.51/bar x 5 bars/balcony = $32.55/balcony Determine the total cost for all balconies. $32.55/balcony x 6 balconies = $195.30 Finally, find the difference between the two sums. $195.30 - $135.00 = $60.30

The contractor for a three-story condominium building is installing the formwork for the poured concrete foundations. They need to provide a testing report for the concrete pour, in accordance with the project specifications. Which party should provide this testing report?

Independent agent Correct. The testing report must be provided by an approved independent and objective agency that is separate from the contractor responsible for the work being tested.

An architect is designing a passive solar building. This particular design uses a nearby south-facing slope. The slope will have a specially designed collector where air will be warmed by the sun and then rise to serve as the heat for the building. Cooler air will simultaneously be pulled from a chamber below the floor, creating a convection loop. What is this type of passive solar system called?

Isolated gain Correct. Isolated gain systems collect and store solar radiation away from the space to be heated, as described. Indirect gain Incorrect. Indirect gain systems control heat gain at the exterior skin of a building, utilizing a Trombe wall or a drumwall of water-filled barrels or tubes.

During the bidding period for a new sports complex, the architect receives a request for information from one of the bidding contractors. The architect determines that the construction documents need to be revised. According to the A701-2018 Instructions to Bidders document, what should the architect do in addition to revising the drawings?

Issue an addendum Correct. Since the project is in the bidding period, the architect can issue an addendum to all bidders -- recording the change to the documents. According to the A701, "Addenda will be issued no later than four days prior to the date for receipt of Bids except an Addendum with drawing the request for Bids or one which includes postponement of the date for receipt of Bids." Issue a bulletin Incorrect. A bulletin is issued only after bids are received. Since the project is still in bidding, an addendum will be issued instead.

An architect is designing a single-family residence in a mild climate to take advantage of the prevailing winds on the site. The owner wants a window that can provide 100% ventilation while minimizing visibility from the outside. Which type of window should the architect select to meet these requirements?

Jalousie Correct. Jalousie windows are 100% ventilating. They are typically used in mild climates and are composed of a frame with horizontal glass or wood louvers that pivot simultaneously and minimize visibility.

An architecture firm is about to begin working on the construction documents phase of a project. The team is brainstorming systems to use in the construction documents that will easily convey information to the contractor. What system can be used to link information in the specifications to the drawing set?

Keynotes Correct. The keynote system uses notes that directly reference the specifications, instead of written notes. For example, instead of writing "wood flooring" in a wall section, the architect would instead write "096400," which is the CSI MasterFormat section that applies to wood flooring. CSI MasterFormat Incorrect. While using CSI MasterFormat is useful in that all members of the project team experienced with CSI specification format will be able to easily locate pertinent information, it does not create a link between the drawings and specifications.

In order to minimize the cooling load and subsequent air-conditioning unit size on a new custom single-family residence in Louisiana, the architect is examining ways to reduce heat transmission through the roof. Which of the following items can help reduce the heat transmission through the roof?

Light-colored roofing materials Correct. Light-colored materials will help to reflect the heat and keep it from absorbing into the roof. Louvered overhangs Correct. Louvered overhangs can help to free any heated air that could build up under the eaves and heat the roof. Insulation Correct. Properly installed and adequately sized insulation can reduce heat transmission through the roof. Vapor barriers Incorrect. Vapor barriers do not reduce heat transmission.

The architect for a new townhouse development consisting of duplex buildings has conducted a code review for the project. Per the International Building Code (IBC), a sprinkler system will be required for each building. What is the minimal fire protection standard that would be allowed for this project?

NFPA 13D Correct. NFPA 13D is an automatic sprinkler system that is allowed in one- and two-family dwellings as well as townhomes, and is intended to provide life safety and not building protection. It is for residential occupancies and supplies the sprinkler system off of the domestic water service. NFPA 13R Incorrect. NFPA 13R is also an automatic sprinkler system that is allowed for residential occupancies that is intended to provide life safety and not building protection. This system is a higher standard than NFPA13D, and typically provides a separate water supply that is not connected to the domestic service.

The plumbing consultant for a four-story hotel project is specifying the components of the drain, waste, and vent (DWV) system for the building. Which of the following are components of a DWV system that prevent sewer gases from entering the building's interior?

P-trap Correct. P-traps are typical at most plumbing fixtures. They are shaped like the letter P to trap enough water in the drainpipe to serve as a seal to prevent sewer gas from escaping through the fixture. Loop vent Correct. A loop vent is a branch vent serving two or more fixture traps that connects to the vent stack that carries sewer gases to the outside of the building. Drum trap Correct. A drum trap is a special type of fixture trap that is usually installed on the drain line of a bathtub. It maintains a water seal to prevent sewer gases from escaping the line, and is designed to collect dirt and hair and provide easier access for cleaning. Soil stack Incorrect. A soil stack is a portion of a central vertical pipe that acts as a collection point for drain and vent lines. The soil stack is the lower portion of this pipe that leads to the building drain. The upper portion of this pipe is the vent stack that allows sewer gases to escape the building. Back flow preventer Incorrect. A back flow preventer is an element of a building's water supply line that prevents water from flowing backwards in the system. It is not a part of the DWV system for the building.

An architect is designing a second-story addition to an office building. The new structure will be a structural steel frame. The steel beams will be exposed in the ceiling of the new addition. Which of the following shall the architect specify for a coating on the steel?

Paint Correct. Steel will oxidize if not painted or coated. Bentonite slurry Incorrect. Bentonite slurry is for waterproofing concrete foundations.

An architect is preparing specifications for a new commercial building. The air barrier is specified according to its resistance to air pressure. Which units are used to measure pressure?

Pascals Correct. Pascals are a unit of pressure. Joules Incorrect. Joules are a unit of energy. BTUs Incorrect. BTUs are a unit of energy. Newtons Incorrect. Newtons are a unit of force.

An architect has been hired by a client for whom they have worked numerous times in the past. The client has also hired a mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) firm that was founded 2 years ago and has not previously worked with either the client or architect. Before issuing construction documents, which type of quality control review would be most appropriate?

Peer review Correct. When working with a new consultant, asking a consultant that the firm or client knows and trusts to review their work is a worthwhile effort. Architect's third-party review Incorrect. The architect should definitely review the MEP engineer's drawings, but the expert eyes of another MEP engineer would be more useful in this situation to provide confidence to the team that the MEP engineer's design is adequate.

An architect has been asked by a large manufacturing company to design a new service elevator within their manufacturing facility. The elevator will be used to move equipment from the factory floor to the mechanical penthouse, which is roughly 75 feet above the ground floor. The elevator should be designed to carry new HVAC components which could weigh up to 6,000 pounds. Which type of elevator would be the most appropriate for this application?

Plunger-type hydraulic elevator Correct. The plunger-type hydraulic elevator would be the best option. This type of elevator is supported by the ground (instead of the shaft or penthouse), allowing for lower design costs. Geared traction elevator Incorrect. While this type of elevator can be designed for the necessary capacity, geared traction elevators are not economically practical to operate at lower speeds. Traction elevators are also typically supported by the shaft and penthouse, so higher installation costs may be incurred compared to a hydraulic elevator.

An architect is developing the specifications for a publicly-funded project to design a building that will be leased out by a private real estate developer. Which of the following items fall under Division 5 of the specifications?

Prefabricated guardrail Correct. Division 5 is metals, and it includes prefabricated metal components. Roof access ladder Correct. Division 5 is metals, and it includes fabricated metal components. Steel flood bracing Correct. Division 5 is metals, and it includes structural steel building components. Stainless steel handrail Correct. Division 5 is metals, and it includes fabricated metal components. Metal rainscreen system Incorrect. While a rainscreen panel can be made of metal, it is part of a rainscreen system which falls under Division 7 for moisture and thermal.

Incorrect An architect is working with a marketing company in Seattle to design their new world headquarters. While the client wants to use as many sustainable products as possible in the design, they also would like to minimize the construction timeline as much as possible. Space on the site is limited, so the client has asked the architect to look at factory-built options to save space as well as potentially cut down on construction time. Which of the following options is the most appropriate given the client's requests?

Prefabricated interior wall partitions Correct. In addition to minimizing waste associated with the installation of interior partitions, a prefabricated option allows for other systems such as fire suppression, carpeting, ceilings, etc., to be completed prior to the partitions being installed. By installing these elements prior to the installation of the partitions, the trades are able to work more efficiently with less job-site waste, as there are fewer cuts in the field. Prefinished interior casework Incorrect. While prefinished materials do limit VOCs released on the jobsite, prefinished casework would not significantly impact the overall project schedule as casework is typically one of the last items to be installed.

An architect is designing a series of townhouses in a hot humid climate with heavy precipitation. The architect needs to detail the exterior wall in a way that keeps moisture out of the wall. Which of the following should be included in the detail?

Pressure-equalized rainscreen Correct. In a hot, rainy, and humid climate, a method to control moisture is to use a pressure-equalized rainscreen. The rainscreen assembly includes a ventilated cavity that prevents moisture from getting into the wall. It is suitable for all climates, but especially ones with high levels of precipitation. Vapor retarder paints on interior side of the envelope Incorrect. In hot, humid climates it is desirable to prevent the moisture from getting inside. Outside, the air is usually warmer and more humid. When moisture gets inside, it should be allowed to wick to the interior, which is not possible when using plastic films, vinyl wallpaper, or vapor retarder paints on the interior side. Mold and mildew problems may occur.

A potential client has expressed concerns about scope creep, and wants the architect to help ensure they have the right protections against it. Which of the services below could the architect include to address the client's concerns about scope creep?

Programming Correct. By having the architect perform programming services, the owner can feel more confident that the project will be the right size and will be designed to fit their needs. Coordination of owner's consultants Incorrect. Coordination of the owner's consultants would not address scope creep.

A client has hired an architecture firm to design a new hospital building on an empty site. The design contract encompasses all phases of design, from predesign to construction administration. At what point in the architectural design process should the design team begin compiling data for the furniture, fixtures, and equipment in a hospital building?

Programming Correct. In a program-driven building such as a hospital, the layout of the furnishings, fixtures, and equipment (FFE) determines the proper allocation of space for the building design. Therefore, the programming phase is the proper time to begin compiling data for FFE. Schematic design Incorrect. Schematic design is the process of defining project goals and establishing the generative logic that will be used throughout subsequent phases of the project. Although some details may be narrowed down during this phase, the spatial requirements for furnishings, fixtures, and equipment should have already been chosen at this p

An architect is responsible for building an addition to a corporate headquarters for a fast food company. The owner wants the glazing on the east facade of the addition to be identical to the original building. Which of the following specifications should the architect utilize to ensure that the same product is selected?

Proprietary Correct. A proprietary specification includes actual manufacturers, model numbers and other information specific to a product. With a proprietary specification, the contractor is limited to choosing the specific material that the architect wants. If the architect or owner are open to substitutions, they can have an open specification. If not, it should be a closed specification. Descriptive Incorrect. A descriptive specification includes specific properties and desired methods of installation but does not mention specific proprietary names. This allows for several potential manufacturers and models to be presented.

A developer is reviewing the local land use ordinances for a small village. The village is attempting to preserve its historic nature while incentivizing the use of green building technology. To do so, the land use ordinances use both prescriptive and performance-based specifications. Which of the following is an example of a performance-based specification?

Protect and preserve the environment Correct. A performance-based regulation sets a goal, but doesn't prescribe how to reach it. Street lamps must be of a preapproved model Incorrect. This is a prescriptive specification.

A new building complex that will house a police department and an evidence-processing lab requires atypical fire-resistance features. The architect will perform an in-depth code analysis for the atypical requirements, but should already be familiar with the basic objectives for fire safety. Which of the following are the most important objectives of building fire safety?

Protection of the building Correct. Building protection is one of the most important objectives of fire safety. The building structure should be provided with fire-resistance features to help reduce the chance of collapse or severe damage, protecting both the building and fleeing occupants. Life protection Correct. This is the most important aspect of building fire safety. Protection of the surrounding buildings Incorrect. Protecting the surrounding buildings is important, but not as important as occupant evacuation and protection of the building. Buildings can be designed to suppress and contain a fire, negating the need to protect nearby buildings as a prime priority.

An architect is performing code review for a mixed-use building and is particularly concerned about the wall types required between different occupancy groups. Which occupancy group requires a rated fire wall between it and every other occupancy group?

Residential Correct. Refer to table 508.4 in the International Building Code 2018 for fire-resistance ratings between occupancy groups.

The architect of a new single-family residence has received a cost estimate that exceeds the owner's budget. The residence will include a large living room with built-in chimney, polished concrete floors, light-emitting diode (LED) energy-saving fixtures, and high-performance "Energy Star" exterior windows. As the architect begins value engineering to try to reduce costs, the owner states that they prefer to maintain the aesthetics of the current project as much as possible. Which of the following would reduce costs while preserving the aesthetics of the building?

Revise chimney liner from ceramic material (matching the fireplace material) to aluminum Correct. This is the best option to reduce cost while preserving as much of the visual appearance of the current design as possible. The interior chimney liner is not likely to be highly visible, but changing the material from ceramic to aluminum would reduce material and labor costs. Revise "Energy Star" energy-efficient windows to standard windows with a higher-efficacy sealant Incorrect. An energy-efficient window is a holistic product comprised of the frame, glazing, gaskets, seals, and other components that contribute to the window's energy efficiency. Attempting to use a "kit of parts" approach by mixing various components to create an efficient aperture and seal would likely not be as effective as the product being replaced, and could lead to higher life-cycle costs and maintenance issues.

An architect is preparing drawings and specifications for a new boutique shoe store. The shoes are to be displayed on several custom hardwood displays. No veneered products will be allowed. Precision and dimensional stability are important criteria for the displays. Which woodworking process should the architect choose for the wood that will be used for the displays?

Rift sawn Correct. Rift sawn lumber is the most dimensionally stable. In the process of rift sawing, further attempts are made to harvest the most dimensionally stable and visually uniform portion of the tree by cutting the boards perpendicular to the grain, leaving triangular shaped areas of waste in the log, and making it the most expensive way to saw lumber. Plain sawn Incorrect. Plain sawn lumber is not dimensionally stable due to the fact that plain sawn wood is cut in parallel lines through the log.

An automaker wants to quickly build a single-story manufacturing facility with large open spaces and the flexibility to expand and adapt in the future as their needs change. They are also environmentally conscious and would like to use sustainable building practices as much as possible. Given the automaker's requirements, which structural system would be the most appropriate?

Steel columns with open-web steel trusses Correct. The open-web steel trusses will allow for the large spans that a manufacturing facility will require. Steel columns are generally smaller than concrete columns, which allows for more open floor space within the facility. Repairs and modifications are relatively easy to do compared to other options. Steel moment frames and connections can also be designed, minimizing the need for diagonal bracing within the building. Steel typically has a high recycled content. Cast-in-place concrete columns with waffle slab Incorrect. While the waffle slab roof construction would allow for the necessary clear spans between columns, the overall construction would be rather deep for the required large spans, thereby reducing headroom or increasing building height due to the need to account for overhead infrastructure. The concrete columns will be larger than steel columns, which will take up valuable floor space in a manufacturing setting. The owner also mentioned wanting to have the flexibility to adapt the space in the future, which is difficult with concrete columns.

A homeowner wishes to have a three-hole practice golf course on their property. The site design requires drainage to promote healthy soil and plant life. Which type of site drainage system should the architect suggest?

Swale Correct. Swales are shallow linear depressions that are designed into a site's surface in order to carry away stormwater. Since they have no shoulders, they are good for designs that require a seamless integration into the landscape, such as a golf course. Underdrainage Incorrect. Unless it is required, underdrainage (such as perforated drain tiles) wouldn't be used because it is expensive and prone to failure if not done right. A percolation test can determine if it is needed.

Construction has been completed on a new K-12 school. Per state requirements, commissioning is required. Which tasks might the commissioner perform while on site?

Testing of air-handling units, chillers, and building envelope Correct. Building systems may be tested as a part of the commissioning process. Analysis of the building's success in passive, solar, and sustainable design Incorrect. Commissioning does not measure the success of these goals.

The owner and architect of a new research facility project have agreed that hiring a building commissioning agent would be beneficial to the project outcome. The agent will provide commissioning services from the design phase to the post-acceptance phase. Drag and place the provided tasks into the appropriate phase when they would occur in the project.

The correct answers are: Design Phase - Create commissioning specifications Construction Phase - Attend equipment start-ups for major systems Acceptance Phase - Review Operations and Maintenance manuals Post-Acceptance Phase - Coordinate owner training

An architect is designing an apartment building and has prepared detail drawings of the exterior construction assemblies and preliminary specifications of the vapor barrier to review with the client and construction manager. Which of the following statements about vapor barriers are correct?

The location of the barrier within an assembly and its desired permeability is a function of climate, the characteristics of the materials that comprise the assembly, and the interior conditions. Correct. These three factors all impact the ideal placement of the vapor barrier. Vapor barriers should have a flow rating of one perm or less. Correct. The International Building Code defines a vapor barrier as 1.0 perm or less. This is equivalent to Class I and Class II vapor retarders. Class III vapor retarders are vapor permeable between 1-10 perms, and are therefore not the best vapor barriers With proper installation details, some rigid foam insulation boards can function as a vapor barrier. Correct. Some rigid foam insulation boards prevent the transmission of vapor as long as the edges are properly sealed. When a vapor barrier is present in a roof assembly, roof vents are not required. Incorrect. When a vapor barrier is present, roof vents may be required to allow any trapped moisture to escape from between the vapor barrier and the roofing membrane.

About 80% of the way through the construction documents phase, the architect learns that the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) will not allow the fire protection drawings to be handled as a deferred submittal. In addition to submitting the construction documents, what is the order of correspondence for getting the deferred submittals approved?

The most common items that are handled this way are fire sprinkler and truss shop drawings. They aren't typically required at the time of permit submission, but in this case the AHJ is requiring that they be submitted along with the construction documents. The International Building Code (2018) 107.3.4.1 states that the documents for the deferred submittal shall be submitted to the registered design professional in responsible charge, who shall review them and forward them to the building official. This means that the contractor or subcontractor should generate the shop drawings, then the architect must review them, and lastly they are sent to the building official, who will decide whether to approve them for installation.

An architect is working on a new-construction commercial project. For construction documentation, which of the following conditions should receive flashing?

The top of the smoke shelf in a masonry wood-burning fireplace Incorrect. Flashing is for protecting elements in the exterior skin of the building from water penetration. The junction between vertical siding and horizontal siding on an exterior wall Correct. Flashing is used to protect vulnerable areas of a building's exterior skin from water penetration. The junction between vertically oriented siding and horizontally oriented siding should be protected with flashing. The top of a projecting frieze board on an exterior wall Correct. Flashing is used to protect vulnerable areas of a building's exterior skin from water penetration. The top of a projecting frieze board should be protected with flashing. A shelf angle in the anchored masonry veneer of an exterior wall Correct. When combined with weeps, the flashing above a shelf angle helps water to migrate out of the wall. The head of a nail-fin vinyl casement window Correct. Openings such as doors, windows, and skylights all require flashing to protect against water penetration. The tops of the concrete piers for a first-floor outdoor wood deck Incorrect. The tops of the piers can be sloped to drain and do not require flashing.

An architect is designing an accessible kitchen. What are the required toe kick dimensions for kitchen base cabinets?

There are no requirements Correct. The ADA Standards and ANSI A117.1 do not require a cabinet toe kick.

The architect is reviewing a wall section that shows liquid-applied waterproofing membrane on the exterior side of the basement wall. What is the primary purpose of this membrane?

To make the building resistant to water damage by forming an impervious barrier Correct. Building resistance to water damage is the purpose of waterproofing. Examples include in showers, wet areas, kitchens, exteriors, and foundations. To allow water to drain down the face of the foundation to the footing drain Incorrect. This goal would be achieved by using a drainage mat.

The architect of a single-story building for a law firm in a region with severe cold weather has decided that the exterior wall construction will be wood studs with a brick veneer. What type of mortar should the architect specify for this masonry installation?

Type N Correct. Type N mortar is recommended for general use in above-grade applications where high compressive and lateral strengths are not required, and where exterior walls may be subject to severe exposure. In a brick veneer wall, the brick is not load-bearing, so the mortar does not need to meet high compressive and lateral strength requirements. The general rule is to never select a mortar type that is stronger in compression than it needs to be to satisfy the structural requirements of the wall. Type S Incorrect. Type S mortar is used where there is a need for maximum flexural strength instead of high compressive strength.

A 100-year-old brick building needs repointing. Which type of mortar should be specified?

Type O Correct. Type O mortar is a low-strength mortar that is used for historic restoration work. Type N Incorrect. Type N is a general-purpose mortar. Historic buildings need a lower-strength mortar so the mortar doesn't damage the masonry. Type M Incorrect. Type M mortar is a high-strength mortar for high compressive loads, below-grade use, or severe frost action. Type S Incorrect. Type S mortar has high flexural strength for walls subject to high winds or seismic forces.

A 2,000-square-foot area in a medical clinic will be divided into private offices. There will be 14 offices total, with seven on each side of a corridor. Each office will be used by a nurse who will privately consult with patients over the phone. The design of these offices must limit sound transmission between them because of the nature of the sensitive information that the nurses will discuss with patients. Which of the following design features should the architect consider to help limit sound transmission between the offices?

Use sound attenuation batts in the partitions Correct. Sound attenuation batts in the partitions would serve as insulation to help limit the transfer of sound between offices. Extend the partitions all the way to the structural deck above Correct. Extending the partitions all the way up to the structural deck would prevent sound from traveling over the top of the wall. Use ceiling materials that have high capacity for absorbing sound Correct. Using sound-absorbing materials would help reduce the sound within the room where it is generated. Acoustic tile ceilings are commonly used for this purpose. Add resilient channels and another layer of gypsum board to the office partitions Correct. Adding resilient channels and another layer of gypsum board would decrease the ability of sound to transfer from one office to the next. Use concrete block for the office wall partitions Incorrect. While the concrete block would help reduce the transmission of sound, concrete block partitions in an existing office space within a clinic are not the best choice because offices are frequently remodeled as needs change. Also, using lightweight construction makes more sense in an existing building where the structure may not have been designed for heavy partitions

During the bidding process, the contractor prices out wood windows for a new school project. After receiving the bid, the owner wants to value engineer the windows. Which is the least expensive type of window that could be specified?

Vinyl Correct. Vinyl is the least expensive option. Aluminum Incorrect. Aluminum is the third least expensive option. Aluminum-clad wood Incorrect. Aluminum-clad wood the most expensive option because it is a combination of aluminum and wood.

An architect is putting together a work plan for a high-profile commercial project. The design team is comprised of many outside consultants and it is important that everyone stays on schedule. Which of the following are the most effective ways to monitor design team consultants?

Weekly review of project design budget Correct. By keeping a close eye on the project design budget, the architect can get a glimpse of the consultants' activity level on the project. Weekly BIM model updates Correct. Weekly BIM model updates help ensure that the design team is working with up-to-date information. These models also allow the architect to review content from the consultants and provide feedback without the need of drawings. Regular staffing review Correct. By having regular conversations regarding staffing, the architect can gauge whether or not additional people may be needed to achieve the scheduling requirement. Intermittent drawing reviews Correct. Reviewing progress drawings between major milestones is an effective way to monitor the progress of the consultants. These reviews also provide an opportunity for the architect to give feedback prior to the milestone deliverables to minimize potential redoing of work later. Daily project meetings Incorrect. Daily project meetings are typically not required unless the client requires them. Multiple client meetings Incorrect. While this may show the owner that the project team is moving forward on the project, this is not an appropriate way to monitor consultant performance.

The owner of a 25' by 90' doctor's office would like to place an in-ground sign at the entrance of their property. The short side of the building faces the street. The zoning ordinance for the site states that "the in-ground or projecting sign shall not exceed one square foot in area per side of the sign per one linear foot of building frontage, with the total area not to exceed thirty-two square feet per side." What is the maximum area allowed per side for an in-ground sign at this location?

the answer is 25 Though the maximum square footage is 32 sf per the zoning code, the building frontage is only 25 linear feet, so this limits the area of the sign to 25 sf per side.

A luminaire has an output of 3 candelas. How many lumens does the luminaire produce? Use the value for π rounded to the nearest hundredth. Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a lumen.

the answer is 37.7 A lumen is defined as the amount of luminous flux on an imaginary sphere surrounding the light source at a distance of 1 foot away. Since the area of a sphere is 4π it follows that 1 candela equals 12.57 lumens. 12.57 lumens times 3 equals 37.7 lumens.

There are two identical fans that together produce 60 dB of sound. If one fan is removed, what is the resulting dB level?

the answer is 57 Reducing sound intensity by half reduces it by 3 dB. 60-3=57. The thumb rule is that when two equal sound level is added then their resultant is increased by amount 3 dB. It seems that each fan deacreases the noise by 5%

The local water supply has a pressure of 110 psi at the street main. The pressure lost between the street and the building is 20 psi. What is the maximum height at which a water closet requiring a pressure of 25 psi may be placed? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

the answer is between 150.0 and 150.2 There is a pressure of 90 psi at the building (110 psi - 20 psi = 90 psi). A pressure of 1 psi can lift a column of water 2.31 feet. Because 25 psi is the requirement for the water closet, 65 psi (90 psi - 25 psi) will be available to lift the water 150.15 feet (65 psi x 2.31 feet per psi = 150.15 feet). The correct answer is 150 feet after rounding to the nearest whole foot.