PSY 271 Chapter 11

Jenny asks herself, "Did my officemate get the promotion instead of me because I am overweight or because I am really less qualified?" This sort of thought illustrates the ________ that members of stigmatized groups are likely to experience in everyday life.

attributional ambiguity

A class is divided randomly into two teams for a game of Jeopardy. Tamara, the captain of the winning team, is informed that as a prize she can either get twenty pieces of candy for her team, with the losing team getting ten pieces, or she can get fifteen pieces while the losing team gets none. Based on research using the minimal group paradigm, what prize is Tamara most likely to select?

fifteen pieces for her team and zero for the losing team

According to the textbook, all of the following are changes that can be made on a societal level to reduce stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination EXCEPT to

foster competition between groups so that each group is motivated to improve

Stereotypes are

generalizations about groups that are often applied to individual group members

The ________ test has been shown to reveal unconscious prejudices of people who say they advocate universal equality for all groups.

implicit association

Experiments that employ the minimal group paradigm show that groups that are created on the basis of arbitrary and seemingly meaningless criteria tend to show

ingroup favortism

In experiments employing the minimal group paradigm, a majority of participants are more interested in maximizing their ________ than in maximizing their ________.

relative gain; absolute gain

Consider the following quote from the work of the social psychologist Dan Gilbert: "Stereotypic beliefs about women's roles, for example, may enable one to see correctly that a woman in a dark room is threading a needle rather than tying a fishing lure, but they may also cause one to mistakenly assume that her goal is embroidery rather than cardiac surgery." This quote illustrates the fact that

stereotypes bias how we construe behaviors

Janet believes that all Asians are polite and good at math. Janet is engaging in

stereotyping

Based on the results of the Robbers Cave experiment, which of the following environments is most likely to foster cohesion across racial groups, and why?

the U.s. military, because soldiers cooperate to accomplish the shared goal of defending the nation