PSYC 102 - Ch. 9 Module
What does nature refer to in the nature versus nurture debate? A Genes and biology B Language acquisition C Environment and culture D Cognitive capacity
A Genes and biology
Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this? A Permissive B Freudian C Authoritative D Authoritarian
A Permissive
_________ development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness. A Phsycial B Psychosocial C Cognitive D Learning
A Phsycial
According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children begin to use language? A Preoperational B Concrete operational C Formal operational D Sensorimotor
A Preoperational
Soon after birth, a nurse almost drops Raj. He spreads his arms, pulls them back in, and then cries. Which of the following does this situation illustrate? A The Moro reflex B Egocentrism C A rooting reflex D Preoperational stage
A The Moro reflex
The continuous development approach views development as a ________. A cumulative process B unique progress C series of accidents D biological imperative
A cumulative process
When children develop theory-of-mind (TOM), they can recognize that ________. A others have beliefs that are different from one's own B what goes up must come down C a pound of feathers weighs the same as a pound of dirt D hidden objects are still there
A others have beliefs that are different from one's own
In ________ thinking, decisions are made based on situations and circumstances, and logic is integrated with emotion as adults develop principles that depend on contexts. A postformal B formal operational C concrete operational D sensorimotor
A postformal
What is the primary psychosocial milestone of childhood? A Confirming one's sexual orientation B Developing a positive sense of self C Controlling the id D Developing a secure attachment to a caregiver
B Developing a positive sense of self
Which of the following explains the primary purpose of hospice? A Monitoring medical treatment for premature babies B Facilitating a dignified and peaceful death C Ensuring that loved ones visit a dying patient D Allowing women to deliver their babies at home
B Facilitating a dignified and peaceful death
Tanya can name colors and numbers and is able to catch a ball. However, she does not use full sentences or speak clearly yet. Assuming that Tanya reached these cognitive and language development milestones at the average age, about how old is Tanya? A Five B Four C Two D Three
B Four
Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the formal operational stage? A Stranger anxiety B Moral reasoning C Pretend play D Conservation
B Moral reasoning
Crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty are all examples of ________. A naturalistic observations B developmental milestones C cognitive developments D psychosexual stages
B developmental milestones
Sigmund Freud believed that personality develops ________. A in late adolescence B during early childhood C during puberty D in utero
B during early childhood
Stage theories hold that the sequence of development is ________. A related to language acquisition B universal C dramatic D culturally specific
B universal
________ is a long-standing connection or bond with others. A Security B Regard C Attachment D Nourishment
C Attachment
Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America? A Permissive B Disorganized C Authoritative D Authoritarian
C Authoritative
Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive to her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger—she doesn't care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this? A Secure B Resistant C Avoidant D Disorganized
C Avoidant
After age 65, many people reflect on their lives and contributions. According to Erikson, what is the primary developmental task during this stage of life? A Generativity versus stagnation B Initiative versus guilt C Integrity versus despair D Identity versus role confusion
C Integrity versus despair
________ skills refer to our ability to move our bodies and manipulate objects. A Cognitive B Manipulative C Motor D Biological
C Motor
Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the sensorimotor stage? A Fine motor skills development B Egocentrism C Stranger anxiety D Pretend play
C Stranger anxiety
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory emphasizes the sexual nature of our development rather than its social nature. A The word "theory" should be changed to the word "hypothesis." B The name "Erik Erikson" should be changed to the name "Sigmund Freud." C The words "sexual" and "social" should be switched. D The word "sexual" should be changed to the word "biological."
C The words "sexual" and "social" should be switched.
According to Erikson, what is the primary developmental task for infants? A Autonomy versus shame/doubt B Generativity versus stagnation C Trust versus mistrust D Intimacy versus isolation
C Trust versus mistrust
What does the normative approach ask regarding the lifespan? A Who decided what constituted normal development? B What do people think about development? C What is normal development? D What is biological about development?
C What is normal development?
Children who are developing disorganized attachment to their caregivers most likely have been ________. A diagnosed with ADHD B separated from their parents C abused D born addicted to cocaine
C abused
Children whose parents have an authoritarian parenting style can be ________. A quiet, shy, and humble B disorganized, undisciplined, and sloppy C anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy D creative, moody, and flexible
C anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy
Late maturing boys are ________. A less likely to experience conflict with parents B less likely to participate in high school athletics C at a higher risk of depression D more likely to participate in extracirricular activities
C at a higher risk of depression
A ________ is any environmental agent—biological, chemical, or physical—that causes damage to the embryo or fetus. A mutagen B contaminant C teratogen D zygote
C teratogen
A(n) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge. A protean B placenta C zygote D embryo
C zygote
At 18 months, Gordon learned the schema for apples. One day, when Gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store, he says, "Look mommy, apples!" His mother tells him that the food is a tomato, not an apple. Gordon now modifies his schema for apples and forms a new one for tomatoes. Which of the following does this situation illustrate? A Assimilation B Exclusion C Inclusion D Accommodation
D Accommodation
According to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, what are the five stages of grief? A Anger, sadness, acceptance, anxiety, and relief B Denial, sadness, anger, depression, and acceptance C Confusion, sadness, bargaining, acceptance, and peace D Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
D Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
Who developed the psychosocial theory of development? A Abraham Maslow B Jean Piaget C Lawrence Kohlberg D Erik Erikson
D Erik Erikson
During the ________ stage, children understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations. A formal operational B preoperational C sensorimotor D concrete operational
D concrete operational
Theorists who view development as ________ believe that development takes place in unique stages. A progressive B regressive C continuous D discontinuous
D discontinuous
In the ________ stage, children use words and images to represent things, but they lack logical reasoning. A sensorimotor B concrete operational C formal operational D preoperational
D preoperational
