PSYC 150 module 3
According to the 1956 Narcotic Drug Control Act, anyone caught Blank______ could receive the death penalty.
selling heroin to a person younger than 18
The Navy, followed by the other armed forces, was the first to Blank______ on a large scale in the United States.
use random urine screening
In the early 1800s in the United States, physicians prescribed various forms of Blank______ liberally and with only limited concern about patients developing dependence.
opium
Which sedative and sleeping pill caused a disaster in the late 1950s that raised public awareness and congressional concern about ineffective medicines in the United States, causing major reforms to be implemented?
thalidomide
Which law was passed as a result of the poisoning of 107 people by Elixir Sulfanilamide?
the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Match the departments with the responsibilities allocated to them by the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970.
the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare This was given funding for drug-related research, treatment, and prevention efforts. the Justice Department's Drug Enforcement Agency This was given responsibility for controlling certain drugs directly rather than through tax or interstate commerce laws.
What is otherwise known as "An Act to provide for the registration of, with collectors of internal revenue, and to impose a special tax upon all persons who produce, import, manufacture, compound, deal in, dispense, or give away opium or coca leaves, their salts, derivatives, or preparations, and for other purposes?"
the Harrison Act of 1914
Until 1912, the United States Food and Drug Administration tested products and pursued any that Blank______.
were adulterated or didn't properly list any important ingredients.
Although the basic categorization of illicit drugs in schedules is similar in most American states, Blank______.
there are large differences in the penalties
The first groups of American students to be widely subjected to urine screening for drugs were those Blank______.
involved in team sports
The single most important legislation that has shaped the federal government's approach to controlled substances was the Blank______.
18th Amendment prohibiting alcohol
Match the years with the laws passed in the United States in those years.
1906 - The Pure Food and Drugs Act regulated pharmaceutical manufacturing and sales. 1914 - The Harrison "Narcotics" Act regulated opioids and cocaine. 1918 - The prohibition of alcohol was ratified but implemented in the next year.
Identify the important classes of drug laws.
A group of laws that regulates the practices of entities that manufacture or dispense legal drugs. A group of laws that has resulted in the criminalization of certain types of drug use, possession, and sales.
the Department of Agriculture the Treasury Department
Choice It administered a law aimed at ensuring that drugs were pure and honestly labeled. Choice It was responsible for taxing alcohol, and it would later be responsible for enforcing Prohibition.
the Department of Agriculture the 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act
Choice the Harrison Act of 1914 the Treasury Department matches
Who drafted the bill that later came to be known as the Harrison Act?
Dr. Hamilton Wright, the father of American narcotics laws
As part of international efforts aimed at reducing drug supply, the Blank______ has agents in more than 40 countries assisting the local authorities in eradicating drug crops, locating and destroying illicit laboratories, and interfering with the transportation of drugs out of those countries.
Drug Enforcement Agency
What did the Jones-Miller Act passed by Congress in 1922 do?
It more than doubled the maximum penalties for dealing in illegally imported drugs. It officially made the user of illegally obtained opioids and cocaine a criminal.
___________ is a narcotic and the primary active chemical in opium from which heroin is derived.
Morphine
One of the guiding forces for the Blank______ was Dr. Harvey Wiley's findings on his careful study of the dairy industry and their foods.
Pure Food and Drugs Act
The greatest discrepancy between state and federal drug laws is in the realm of Blank______ regulation.
The greatest discrepancy between state and federal drug laws is in the realm of Blank______ regulation.
Which class of drug laws is similar to laws that regulate the safety of other products such as automobiles, furnaces, and toys?
The group of laws that regulates the practices of entities that manufacture or dispense legal drugs.
When 107 people in the United States died in 1937 from taking Elixir Sulfanilamide containing diethylene glycol that causes kidney poisoning, why was the federal government unable to intervene on the grounds that the mixture was toxic?
There was no legal requirement that medicine be safe.
What are the two main reasons for which private corporations adopt drug tests?
They believe that drug-free workers will have better productivity. They believe that the company will be protected against suits for drug-related negligence.
Identify the true statements about the sale of patent medicines in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
They were dispensed by traveling peddlers. They were readily available at local stores for self-medication.
One of the precursors to the Pure Food and Drugs Act was the 1906 publication of Blank______, which exposed the horribly unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry and shocked Congress and America.
Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
According to the 1956 Narcotic Drug Control Act, Blank______ had to result in a jail term, and no suspension, probation, or parole was allowed.
any drug offense except first-offense possession
The 1965 Drug Abuse Control amendments referred to amphetamines, barbiturates, and hallucinogens as Blank______.
dangerous drugs
The 1988 amendment of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act brought back the death penalty for drug-related murders, and a further amendment in 1994 extended the death penalty to Blank______.
drug kingpins
What did the 1912 Sherley amendment in the United States outlaw?
false and fraudulent therapeutic claims on labels
In 1986, President Reagan first declared that random urine tests for drugs should be performed on all Blank______.
federal employees in sensitive jobs
The 1850s in the United States saw the introduction of Blank______, which was a potent delivery system for morphine that led to increasing medical recognition of the negative aspects of "morphinism."
hypodermic syringes
One of the major concerns of the U.S. Senate in the late 1950s was that some of the most widely sold over-the-counter medicines were probably Blank______, and there was no law against this.
ineffective
the Department of Agriculture --- the Treasury Department ----
matches Choice It administered a law aimed at ensuring that drugs were pure and honestly labeled. It was responsible for taxing alcohol, and it would later be responsible for enforcing Prohibition.
The broadest impact on drug use in the United States during the late 19th century and early 20th century came from the widespread legal distribution of Blank______.
patent medicines
When a company submits an application to investigate a new drug in human clinical trials (IND) to the FDA, it is also required to submit all information from Blank______.
preclinical investigations, including the effects of the drug on animals
The people enforcing the Harrison Act changed in 1919, and they believed that the cure for narcotic dependence was to Blank______.
prevent users from having access to drugs
Until the 1920s, following the passage of the Harrison Act, most users of opioids continued to receive them legally through Blank______.
private physicians or public clinics
In the early 1900s, Dr. Hamilton Wright, the father of American narcotics laws, decided the United States could gain favored trading status with China by leading international efforts to Blank______.
reduce opium importation
Early efforts to enforce the Harrison Act focused on Blank______.
smugglers
From 1919 to 1929, the Narcotics Division in the United States charged users in possession of opioids and cocaine who could not produce a valid prescription with violating the Harrison Act; thus, for the first time, Blank______.
the use of opioids and cocaine was effectively criminalized
After the Narcotics Division in the United States arrested around 25,000 physicians between 1919 and 1929 for supplying opioids and cocaine to dependent users, Blank______.
there was no legal way to obtain these drugs
In the 1960s, the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs faced widespread disregard of drug laws by large numbers of young people who Blank______.
were white, middle-class, and educated
When does a pharmaceutical company, desiring to introduce a new drug, supply to the FDA a "Notice of Claimed Investigational Exemption for a New Drug" (IND)?
when it is ready to study the effects of a compound on humans
What changes were introduced by the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970?
It based drug control on both public health and law enforcement perspectives. It did away with mandatory minimum penalties.
After the passage of the Jones-Miller Act by Congress in 1922, illegal opioids were so expensive that many users came to prefer the most potent type available, which was Blank______.
heroin
The introduction of Blank______ by the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act has contributed greatly to a huge growth in prison populations over the past 20 years.
longer sentences, mandatory minimums, and no-parole provisions
An international conference met in 1912 to discuss controls on the opium trade. Great Britain wanted Blank______ included as well, because these were replacing opium, which led to several countries agreeing to control international trade and domestic sale and use of these substances.
morphine, heroin, and cocaine
In the early 1800s, the most reliable and effective medicine of medical doctors, used for a variety of conditions but most notable as a pain reliever, was Blank______.
opium
