Psyc 312 Chapter 7

Which of the following students is more likely to engage in more cross-racial friendships?

Danielle, who participates in extracurricular activities after school

Based on the definitions outlined in the Five C's of positive youth development, what does competence mean

a positive view of one's actions in domain-specific areas

Overall, teenagers are least likely to comment that their jobs

are dreary.

Adolescents are least likely to seek out ________ Web sites on the Internet.

pornography

On average, all of the following are true in regard to high school student employment except:

50% of adolescents work during the school year

American high school students spend fewer than _____ hours per week on homework, while Japanese high school students average closer to _____.

5; 5 hours per day

Fewer than ____ of teens are out of school, unemployed, and looking for full-time work.

8%

Which of the following is true of most adolescents' jobs?

Adolescents are rarely required to use skills taught in school.

Who is more likely to be employed during the school year?

Both Daryl and Theresa are equally likely to be employed.

An adolescent who works in a government-sponsored apprenticeship and spends more time outside of school doing homework is most likely from

Europe

Emma is dancing to her favorite song on the radio when her electronic pager goes off. Emma proceeds to pull out a notebook and record her current emotional state. This type of data collection is called:

Experience Sampling Method

Paid youth employment during the school year is virtually nonexistent in places such as:

France, Hungary, Russia, and Switzerland

Which adolescent is least likely to spend leisure time reading?

Jeannette, who lives in the United States

Which adolescent is most likely to spend free time with friends?

Jenny, who lives in the United States

The Experience Sampling Method was created by:

Larson

Pam uses marijuana every weekend. Based on the options below and according to the textbook, it is most likely that:

Pam works long hours.

Who is more likely to hold a part-time job during high school?

Selena, an American adolescent

Which of the following statements about unemployed youth is false?

The majority of unemployed youth are unmotivated to find work

How are nonworking students affected when large numbers of students in their school work?

They do not get as good an education because many teachers lower classroom expectations.

Travis, a Black adolescent, participates in extracurricular activities in an integrated school. According to the textbook, which of the following outcomes is most likely?

Travis will show better mental health as a result

Research assessing adolescent work experiences found:

adolescents are unlikely to see their coworkers outside of work.

The Experience Sampling Method involves:

adolescents carrying beepers and reporting their moods when paged.

Much of adolescents' money is spent on discretionary purchases related to leisure activities. Additionally, many adolescents spend money on ____, which accounts for one-sixth of the amount of dollars spent each year on _____.

alcohol and cigarettes; alcohol

Cory works long hours. According to the research presented in the textbook, Cory might increase in which of the following

all of the above

What makes a positive youth development program successful?

all of the above

What makes adolescents attractive targets for a variety of businesses?

all of the above

Which of the following characteristics of the retail and restaurant industries contributed to the rise in adolescent employment?

all of the above

Which of the following youth programs around today bear a striking resemblance to the stated goals of positive youth development programs:

all of the above

Based on the definitions outlined in the Five C's of positive youth development, what does confidence mean

an internal sense of overall positive self-worth and self-efficacy

According to the textbook, the harmful effects of low parental monitoring are especially bad in neighborhoods that:

are low in collective efficacy

In contrast to adolescents in the United States, adolescents in Europe:

are more likely to have an apprenticeship while in high school

The most popular type of extracurricular activities are:

athletics

Jeb has the choice of several after-school activities. Statistically, he is the most likely to choose

athletics.

What percentage of today's high school students will have worked in an after school job before graduating?

between 80-90%

Which of the following is an adolescent the least likely to spend their job earnings on?

higher education

Many studies find that rates of smoking, drinking, and drug use are _____among teenage workers than nonworkers, especially among students who _____.

higher; choose to work long hours

Which of the following is not an effect of premature affluence

increased social belongingness

Expanding opportunities for adolescents to get involved in community service would be associated with all but which of the following outcomes?

increasing the likelihood that they drop out of school

One tremendous problem in interpreting studies of media use and adolescent development is that:

it is extremely difficult to disentangle cause and effect

According to a study by Caldwell and Darling presented in the textbook, research indicates spending time after school with friends is most problematic under which circumstance:

it is the combination of all of the above.

Abner works long hours on weekends and after school. Research suggests that Abner is

likely to engage in minor delinquency

Dr. Eckert wants to learn whether students with high self-esteem are more likely to participate in extracurricular activities, or if participation in extracurricular activities enhances adolescents' psychological well-being. She is most likely to understand a cause-and-effect relationship between psychological well-being and extracurricular activities by using which type of study?

longitudinal

According to research by Wayne Osgood and colleagues, the combination of several factors is the recipe for delinquency and other problem behaviors among adolescents. This view is called the routine activity theory, and all but which of the following are thought to be major contributing factors to this combination?

lower then average intelligence

According to the textbook, which of the following is not true?

many working adolescents are busy with school or work commitments for close to 50 hours a week (including time devoted to extracurricular activities or homework).

Which theory of media's impact emphasizes the reciprocal link between adolescents' preferences and their media exposure and that adolescents not only choose what they are exposed to but interpret the media in ways that shape their impact?

media practice model

Which of the following has not been found to be a characteristic of adolescents who work more than 20 hours per week

more involvement in extracurricular activities

Which of the following jobs would be least likely to be held by an adolescent girl?

newspaper carrier

Robert, a 15-year-old, works for a fast-food restaurant. How old is Robert's supervisor most likely to be?

not much older than Robert

Parker, a senior in high school, is looking for a job. What type of job is he least likely to take?

nurses' aide

Today's teenagers spend the most hours:

on leisure activities

All of the following led to an increase in free time for contemporary adolescents, except:

organized youth movements

Lisa earns approximately $300 a month from her part-time job. She is most likely to spend the money on

personal luxuries.

Drawing on research that shows that certain extracurricular activities benefit adolescents, and research showing the potential dangers of leaving adolescents unsupervised after school, some experts have argued that well-designed programs will not only deter problem behavior but also encourage youth to develop strengths. This emphasis on developing positive attributes is known as what?

positive youth development

Adolescents spend the least amount of time on _____ activities and the most amount of time on _____ activities

productive; leisure

Based on the success rates of different interventions designed to combat youth unemployment, the textbook suggests that efforts be directed at all of the following ways to reduce youth unemployment except:

providing government training programs for adolescents who are not in school.

Research evaluating media messages about sex and drugs finds that:

repeated exposure to these messages is likely to have an effect on adolescent attitudes and beliefs

According to the textbook, one limitation of studies of youth in self-care is that:

researchers typically lump together all children who take care of themselves after school

Based on the definitions outlined in the Five C's of positive youth development, what does character mean:

respect for societal and cultural rules

Overall, the greatest number of working high school students are employed in:

restaurants and retail establishments.

The three dominant theories concerning the media's impact on adolescent development today include all but which of the following?

the routine activity theory

Which of the following is not a common message that the media conveys about sex

unprotected sex can have serious consequences

According to the textbook, compared to young people who are supervised after school by adults, Stephanie, a self-care adolescent, will likely experience all of the following except:

use less drugs and alcohol

Which theory of media's impact emphasizes the fact that adolescents choose the media to which they are exposed?

uses and gratifications approach

In recent years, studies of adolescents' consumer behavior have noted the strong influence teens have over one another when it comes to spending money. Advertisers have taken advantage of Internet sites such as YouTube, MySpace, and Facebook to utilize what kind of marketing?

viral marketing

Older students are more likely to hold _____jobs and working teenagers in rural areas are more likely to be employed in _____jobs.

formal; agricultural

Ivan, a teenager, is most likely to expend high levels of concentration and interest when he is:

playing sports.

The average working high school student earns _____ per month in wages.

$400

Justin is a typical American working adolescent. He is probably busy with school and work for approximately _____ hours a week

50

The power of the adolescent as a consumer has increased as a result of:

All of the above

Which of the following statements is not supported by research with regard to adolescent employment?

Working builds character, teaches adolescents about the "real world," and helps them prepare for adult responsibilities.

A U-shaped or inverted-U pattern of results, as seen in studies that have examined how adolescents' moods change over time when with their families, is called what?

a curvilinear pattern

The positive effects of service learning are most likely to occur in all of the following circumstances, except when:

adolescents are closely supervised

Ryan did a survey at his middle school of the most common after-school jobs for the eighth grade class. What are his results likely to say?

baby-sitting and lawn work

As discussed in the textbook, adolescents who work more than 20 hours weekly are more likely than their peers to:

be absent from school

Based on the Five C's of positive youth development, which "C" stands for a sense of sympathy and empathy for others:

caring

Girls are most likely to spend their money on:

clothes.

Which theory of media's impact emphasizes the idea that media shape adolescents' interests, motives, and beliefs about the world?

cultivation theory

Between grades 5 and 9, adolescents' moods while with friends become more positive, whereas moods while with their families follow a(n) _____ pattern.

curvilinear

Ruben works over 20 hours a week during the school year and Marianne does not work at all. Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to

endorse unethical business practices

Kent has been involved in minor delinquent behavior. In order to curb this type of behavior, Kent's parents should:

enroll Kent in an after-school activity

Hillary is a high school senior. Which of the following jobs is she most likely to have?

food server at a restaurant

Stan's parents both work long hours. They are concerned that he doesn't have enough interaction with adults. If they want him to be exposed to more adult interaction, which of the following activities should they not encourage him to do?

get a job at the local music store

Which of the following is not associated with adolescents who work?

greater enjoyment of school

The textbook suggests all of the following for parents who leave their children in self-care, except:

have friends come over for study sessions

Research suggests that the best way to combat the unemployment problem of adolescents who are not attending school is through:

helping adolescents stay in school.

Jamie works at McDonald's. She had a bad day at work. Who is she least likely to talk to about her bad day?

her adult supervisor at work

According to the textbook, all of the following contributed to the rise of the adolescent workplace in the United States, except:

industrialization

Affluent, suburban, and White children are _____likely to be home unsupervised, and poor, minority, and urban and rural children are _____ likely.

most; least

Aside from athletics, which types of extracurricular activity are next most popular among adolescents

music-related and academic-related

Based on the definitions outlined in the Five C's of positive youth development, what does connection mean

positive bonds with people and institutions that are reflected in bidirectional exchanges

Having more income than one can manage during early adolescence has been called

premature affluence.

All of the following are noted to be benefits of service learning, except

teaching respect and obedience.

According to the textbook, in general, how does employment affect adolescent development?

the question of how adolescents are affected by working depends on many factors, including the nature of the job, the number of hours worked each week, and the aspect of development studied

When are adolescents usually in the "worst" mood?

when they are alone