psych 104 ch 14

cognitive therapy

14a learning curve: Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:

exposure therapy

14a learning curve: Systematic desensitization is a form of _____.

repressed

14a learning curve: The aim of Freud's therapy was to bring a patient's _____ feelings into conscious awareness.

family

14a learning curve: The aim of _____therapy is on relationship healing.

empathy

14a learning curve: The three main features that humanistic therapists exhibit are genuineness, acceptance, and _____.

family therapy

14a learning curve: This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that we live and grow in relation to others, especially our families.

cognitive

14a learning curve: You recognize that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in nondepressed people. You are most likely a _____ therapist.

counterconditioning

14a learning curve: _____ is a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to a stimulus that originally triggered an unwanted behavior.

active listening

14a learning curve: _____ is a form of empathetic listening.

virtual reality exposure therapy

14a learning curve: _____ progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

humanistic therapists

14a learning curve: _____ strive to boost self-fulfillment by helping people grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.

psychodynamic

14a learning curve: _____ therapy involves the client and therapist meeting once or twice a week over a few weeks or months as opposed to meeting for several years.

Aaron Beck's

14a learning curve: ______ therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. (answer is a name)

classical, operant

14a: Exposure therapies and aversive conditioning are applications of ____________ conditioning. Token economies are an application of ____________ conditioning.

psychoanalysis

14a: Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed that the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the analyst's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

unconditional positive regard

14a: a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

virtual reality exposure therapy

14a: a counterconditioning technique that treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

client centered therapy

14a: a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to promote clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

cognitive behavioral therapy

14a: a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

aversive condition

14a: a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

systematic desensitization

14a: a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

eclectic

14a: an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

counterconditioned

14a: behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

exposure therapies

14a: behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

active listening

14a: empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

interpretation

14a: in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

resistance

14a: in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

transferring

14a: in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

biomedical therapy

14a: prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.

behavior therapies

14a: therapeutic approach that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

cognitive therapies

14a: therapeutic approach that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

psychodynamic theory

14a: theraputic approach derived from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight.

group therapy

14a: therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction.

family therapy

14a: therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

psychotherapy

14a: treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

good

14b learning curve: According to studies cited in the textbook, hope for demoralized people, a new perspective, and an empathetic, trusting, caring relationship are what _____ therapies share in common.

behavior modification

14b learning curve: As a parent, you are skeptical of treatments that sound too good to be true. When you arrive at the psychologist's office, you ask about what is the empirically supported treatment for bed-wetting as your 6-year-old daughter has been having difficulties. You learn that _____ is the empirically supported treatment.

religion

14b learning curve: Besides cultural differences _____ may also be an area of potential conflict.

overestimate

14b learning curve: Catherine has been in therapy for 2 years, but her last session is today. If you ask her next month how effective her psychotherapy was, she is likely to _____ its effectiveness.

two thirds

14b learning curve: With or without treatment, about _____ had symptom improvement according to Eysenck's research.

cognitive therapies

14b learning curve: Your therapist believes in using only empirically supported therapies for treating your depression. She will probably use:

most

14b: Behavior therapy is more likely to be helpful in those with the ________ (most/least) clearly defined problems.

control group

14b: Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of a _____.

more

14b: Those who undergo psychotherapy are __________ (more/less) likely to show improvement than those who do not undergo psychotherapy.

evidence based practice

14b: clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

eclectic

14a learning curve: Marlow is suffering from schizophrenia. In addition to medication, Marlow sees a therapist once a week to help him re-socialize and modify his maladaptive behaviors. Marlow's therapist is most likely using what approach?

reflect feeling

14a learning curve: Mirroring what you are sensing a client is feeling by their body language and emotional intensity is called _____.

exposure therapy

14a learning curve: A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:

operant conditioning procedures

14a learning curve: A token economy incorporates _____ to modify behaviors by reinforcing desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for various treats.

present

14a learning curve: According to humanistic therapy, the _____ is more important than the past.

psychotherapy

14a learning curve: Angelina is suffering from depression. Once a week she sees a therapist and with the therapist's help she has begun to explore her past experiences and how they might have contributed to her depression. In addition, Angelina's therapist has Angelina begin to adopt new ways of thinking about the current events in her life. Angelina's therapist is more than likely using which type of therapy?

biomedical therapy

14a learning curve: Carlos is suffering from bipolar disorder, a disorder where Carlos' mood shifts between periods of depression, periods of mania, and normal functioning. To help control the symptoms of his disorder, Carlos takes medication regularly. Carlos most likely sees a therapist who specializes in what type of therapy?

resistance

14a learning curve: During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

system

14a learning curve: Family therapists view the family as a _____.

90

14a learning curve: For up to _____ minutes a week, the group therapist guides the interactions of a group of people as they confront issues and react to one another.

Aaron Beck

14a learning curve: He was originally trained in Freudian techniques but invented his own therapy to try to reverse clients' catastrophizing beliefs about themselves.

operant conditioning

14a learning curve: In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of _____.

the token economy

14a learning curve: In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This best illustrates an application of:

nondirective

14a learning curve: In this therapy, the therapist listens, without judging or interpreting, and seeks to refrain from directing the client toward certain insights.