psych 104 ch 14
cognitive therapy
14a learning curve: Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:
exposure therapy
14a learning curve: Systematic desensitization is a form of _____.
repressed
14a learning curve: The aim of Freud's therapy was to bring a patient's _____ feelings into conscious awareness.
family
14a learning curve: The aim of _____therapy is on relationship healing.
empathy
14a learning curve: The three main features that humanistic therapists exhibit are genuineness, acceptance, and _____.
family therapy
14a learning curve: This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that we live and grow in relation to others, especially our families.
cognitive
14a learning curve: You recognize that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in nondepressed people. You are most likely a _____ therapist.
counterconditioning
14a learning curve: _____ is a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to a stimulus that originally triggered an unwanted behavior.
active listening
14a learning curve: _____ is a form of empathetic listening.
virtual reality exposure therapy
14a learning curve: _____ progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.
humanistic therapists
14a learning curve: _____ strive to boost self-fulfillment by helping people grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.
psychodynamic
14a learning curve: _____ therapy involves the client and therapist meeting once or twice a week over a few weeks or months as opposed to meeting for several years.
Aaron Beck's
14a learning curve: ______ therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. (answer is a name)
classical, operant
14a: Exposure therapies and aversive conditioning are applications of ____________ conditioning. Token economies are an application of ____________ conditioning.
psychoanalysis
14a: Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed that the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the analyst's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
unconditional positive regard
14a: a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.
virtual reality exposure therapy
14a: a counterconditioning technique that treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.
client centered therapy
14a: a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to promote clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)
cognitive behavioral therapy
14a: a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).
aversive condition
14a: a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
systematic desensitization
14a: a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.
eclectic
14a: an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
counterconditioned
14a: behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
exposure therapies
14a: behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.
active listening
14a: empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
interpretation
14a: in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
resistance
14a: in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
transferring
14a: in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).
biomedical therapy
14a: prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.
behavior therapies
14a: therapeutic approach that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
cognitive therapies
14a: therapeutic approach that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
psychodynamic theory
14a: theraputic approach derived from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight.
group therapy
14a: therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction.
family therapy
14a: therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.
psychotherapy
14a: treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.
good
14b learning curve: According to studies cited in the textbook, hope for demoralized people, a new perspective, and an empathetic, trusting, caring relationship are what _____ therapies share in common.
behavior modification
14b learning curve: As a parent, you are skeptical of treatments that sound too good to be true. When you arrive at the psychologist's office, you ask about what is the empirically supported treatment for bed-wetting as your 6-year-old daughter has been having difficulties. You learn that _____ is the empirically supported treatment.
religion
14b learning curve: Besides cultural differences _____ may also be an area of potential conflict.
overestimate
14b learning curve: Catherine has been in therapy for 2 years, but her last session is today. If you ask her next month how effective her psychotherapy was, she is likely to _____ its effectiveness.
two thirds
14b learning curve: With or without treatment, about _____ had symptom improvement according to Eysenck's research.
cognitive therapies
14b learning curve: Your therapist believes in using only empirically supported therapies for treating your depression. She will probably use:
most
14b: Behavior therapy is more likely to be helpful in those with the ________ (most/least) clearly defined problems.
control group
14b: Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of a _____.
more
14b: Those who undergo psychotherapy are __________ (more/less) likely to show improvement than those who do not undergo psychotherapy.
evidence based practice
14b: clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.
eclectic
14a learning curve: Marlow is suffering from schizophrenia. In addition to medication, Marlow sees a therapist once a week to help him re-socialize and modify his maladaptive behaviors. Marlow's therapist is most likely using what approach?
reflect feeling
14a learning curve: Mirroring what you are sensing a client is feeling by their body language and emotional intensity is called _____.
exposure therapy
14a learning curve: A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:
operant conditioning procedures
14a learning curve: A token economy incorporates _____ to modify behaviors by reinforcing desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for various treats.
present
14a learning curve: According to humanistic therapy, the _____ is more important than the past.
psychotherapy
14a learning curve: Angelina is suffering from depression. Once a week she sees a therapist and with the therapist's help she has begun to explore her past experiences and how they might have contributed to her depression. In addition, Angelina's therapist has Angelina begin to adopt new ways of thinking about the current events in her life. Angelina's therapist is more than likely using which type of therapy?
biomedical therapy
14a learning curve: Carlos is suffering from bipolar disorder, a disorder where Carlos' mood shifts between periods of depression, periods of mania, and normal functioning. To help control the symptoms of his disorder, Carlos takes medication regularly. Carlos most likely sees a therapist who specializes in what type of therapy?
resistance
14a learning curve: During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:
system
14a learning curve: Family therapists view the family as a _____.
90
14a learning curve: For up to _____ minutes a week, the group therapist guides the interactions of a group of people as they confront issues and react to one another.
Aaron Beck
14a learning curve: He was originally trained in Freudian techniques but invented his own therapy to try to reverse clients' catastrophizing beliefs about themselves.
operant conditioning
14a learning curve: In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of _____.
the token economy
14a learning curve: In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This best illustrates an application of:
nondirective
14a learning curve: In this therapy, the therapist listens, without judging or interpreting, and seeks to refrain from directing the client toward certain insights.