psych 37 chapter 9
22. During _____, therapists sometimes teach clients to identify individual muscle groups, tense them, and then release the tension.
ANSWER: relaxation training
7. A person whose symptoms fulfill some external need, such as avoiding something unpleasant, is achieving _____ gain.
ANSWER: secondary
10. Yasmin woke up with a mild cough and sniffles. Terrified, she searches on the Internet for all the diseases that have coughing as a symptom. Yasmin is convinced she has a serious, life-threatening illness. The current term for this disorder is _____.
ANSWER: illness anxiety disorder
17. On the scale developed by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, a stressful event is assigned a numerical quantity of _____ to express the amount of stress involved.
ANSWER: life change units
8. Somatic _____ consists of extreme attentiveness to one's own body and bodily discomforts.
ANSWER: vigilance
20. Proteins produced in greater quantity during times of stress, called _____, can cause chronic inflammation if the stress continues for too long.
ANSWER: cytokines
19. Bacteria enter through a cut in the skin, but they are identified and destroyed by helper and natural killer T- cells. This is an example of the _____ at work.
ANSWER: immune system
A person suffering from _____ syndrome, named after its discoverer, experiences a large and varied number of bodily symptoms, while being more distressed than the symptoms warrant.
briquet's
People with _____ display physical symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning, but the symptoms are inconsistent with known medical diseases.
conversion disorder
The philosopher most often associated with mind-body dualism is: a. Socrates. b. Josef Breuer. c. Pierre Briquet. d. René Descartes.
d
Diego feigns having a mental disorder to avoid military service. This is an example of _____.
malingering
_____ is another name for factitious disorder.
munchausen syndrome
19. Josiah is a cellist preparing for his audition at Julliard, a world-renowned music school. The night before his audition, Josiah suffers an abrupt paralysis in his right arm. He has no known medical conditions that are associated with this symptom. This description MOST closely aligns with: a. conversion disorder. b. somatization disorder. c. pain disorder associated with psychological factors. d. factitious disorder.
ANSWER: a
4. Which statement is TRUE about factitious disorders? a. Individuals with factitious disorder are not trying to achieve some external gain by faking illness. b. Individuals with factitious disorder do not intentionally create illness. c. Individuals with factitious disorder have no control over their behavior. d. Individuals with factitious disorder do not want to assume the sick role.
ANSWER: a
8. Having a background in medicine, but also a grudge against the profession, puts a person at risk for: a. a factitious disorder. b. body dysmorphic disorder. c. amnesia conversion disorder. d. somatic symptom disorder.
ANSWER: a
Someone who intentionally feigns an illness to receive external gain is described as someone who: a. is malingering. b. is experiencing somatization. c. has a factitious disorder. d. has an illness anxiety disorder.
ANSWER: a
11. Someone who has Munchausen syndrome also, by definition, has: a. Munchausen by proxy. b. a factitious disorder. c. somatic symptom disorder. d. conversion disorder.
ANSWER: b
16. Munchausen syndrome by proxy is MOST likely to adversely affect the physical well-being of: a. the person experiencing it. b. the child of the person experiencing it. c. the spouse of the person experiencing it. d. the medical personnel caring for the person experiencing it.
ANSWER: b
A professional healthcare provider has evidence that a patient has intentionally faked her illness. To determine whether the patient is malingering or experiencing a factitious disorder, what must be examined? a. the method the patient used to make herself ill b. the motivation the patient has for assuming the sick role c. who else, if anyone, the patient is making ill d. the severity of the symptoms the patient has experienced
ANSWER: b
23. The treatment approach in which electrical signals from the body are used to train people to control physiological processes is called _____.
ANSWER: biofeedback
10. When Marigold sees her healthcare provider for treatment of an allergy, her provider tells her that her symptoms are factitious. Marigold will most likely: a. create new symptoms that are more difficult to disprove. b. produce false medical records to support her original symptoms. c. leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physician. d. take measures that increase the intensity of her original symptoms.
ANSWER: c
17. An individual with Munchausen syndrome by proxy usually: a. has a history of psychotic episodes. b. is severely independent. c. is emotionally needy. d. has a low level of intelligence.
ANSWER: c
20. A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician, however, finds no physical basis for her symptoms. The patient appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The appropriate diagnosis in this case is: a. malingering. b. a factitious disorder. c. a conversion disorder. d. an illness anxiety disorder.
ANSWER: c
7. Baron von Münchhausen was: a. a cavalry officer who told tall tales. b. the researcher who treated "Anna O." for hysteria. c. the developer of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. d. the leading proponent of the view called mind-body dualism.
ANSWER: c
9. Which individual would be MOST likely to receive a diagnosis of factitious disorder? a. someone who engages in cutting and tries to hide it from everyone b. someone who breaks a leg while skiing but tells friends and family that the injury occurred in a car accident c. someone who purposefully drinks gasoline and then seeks treatment for an unknown stomach ailment d. someone who has chronic nausea and vomiting due to high stress but denies that stress is a possible cause
ANSWER: c
14. Someone whose sleep-wake patterns do not match those of most other people is suffering from _____.
ANSWER: circadian rhythm disorder
9. Therapists who offer _____ guide clients to think differently about the nature and causes of physical symptoms and illness.
ANSWER: cognitive restructuring
14. Mason was a chronically ill child who was seen repeatedly in the emergency department for a number of ailments. After several visits, Mason was removed from his home and placed in foster care. While staying in foster care, Mason became quite healthy. In this case, one might suspect that the parent was experiencing: a. malingering. b. a psychophysical disorder. c. a somatoform disorder. d. a factitious disorder.
ANSWER: d
5. The healthcare provider is examining a woman in the emergency department who is complaining of having bloody diarrhea. The healthcare provider discovers that the woman is inducing her own condition by taking laxatives and anticoagulant medication. When asked why, the woman notes "I like being a patient here." What is the best explanation for the woman's behavior? a. She has a psychophysical disorder. b. She is malingering. c. She has a somatic disorder. d. She has a factitious disorder.
ANSWER: d
25. In stress _____ training, therapists teach people to identify and rid themselves of unpleasant thoughts that keep emerging during pain episodes.
ANSWER: inoculation
6. From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve _____ gain.
ANSWER: primary
12. A person who has _____ experiences lesions or holes in the wall of his or her stomach.
ANSWER: ulcers
5. Freud's view was that "hysterical disorders" stemmed from a pattern of desires called the _____.
ANSWER: Electra complex
13. Which of these is a type of factitious disorder? a. mass hysteria b. Munchausen syndrome c. hypochondriasis d. untreated migraine disorder
ANSWER: b
18. _____ is the study of the links between stress, the immune system, and health.
ANSWER: Psychoneuroimmunology
11. _____ are disorders in which biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors interact to cause or worsen a physical illness.
ANSWER: Psychophysiological disorders
16. The _____ was developed by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe in 1967.
ANSWER: Social Readjustment Rating Scale
15. Someone who tends to be very cynical, impatient, and competitive more than likely has a(n) _____ personality style.
ANSWER: Type A
12. A patient consistently complains of an assortment of physiological ailments. After physical evaluation and close monitoring, the healthcare provider determines that she is intentionally producing the physical symptoms in order to appear sick to fill some psychological need. This would be classified as a: a. factitious disorder. b. conversion disorder. c. generalized anxiety disorder. d. psychophysical disorder.
ANSWER: a
21. In the field of treatment called _____, psychological and physical approaches are combined to treat or prevent medical problems.
ANSWER: behavioral medicine
15. Charley brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Charley caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, wanting to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, the appropriate diagnosis is: a. a psychophysiological disorder. b. a conversion disorder. c. Munchausen syndrome. d. Munchausen syndrome by proxy.
ANSWER: d
18. If a person's bodily symptoms affect his or her voluntary motor and sensory functions, but the symptoms are inconsistent with any known medical disease, this condition is referred to as: a. malingering. b. illness anxiety disorder. c. selective symptomatology. d. conversion disorder.
ANSWER: d
3. The BEST example of malingering is a person who: a. fakes an illness because he or she enjoys being a patient. b. pretends to have an illness to get sympathy. c. falsely claims to have a terminal illness. d. feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation.
ANSWER: d
24. A(n) _____ uses electrodes and an audio tone to give clients information about the level of muscular tension in their bodies.
ANSWER: electromyograph
13. Someone who has trouble falling asleep or staying asleep is suffering from _____.
ANSWER: insomnia