Psych 7

Carla is a first-semester freshman at State University. She succeeded in high school by cramming for exams and relying on parental pressure to get homework done. Now, however, she is finding that these strategies are no longer viable ways to succeed. According to the text, Carla should _____.

"think outside the box: in order to succeed in college

a 6-year old child with a mental age of 6 would have an IQ of

100

a child with a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 12 has an IQ od

75

which of the following is true babbling

It is determined by biological readiness.

A(n) ___ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem

algorithm

in the U.S. intelligence is defined as

an all-purpose ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problems, and to learn from experience

The ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast are characteristics of _____ intelligence.

analytical

mindfulness involves

being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities

recognizing problems involves ____

being aware of and open to experiences

Intellectual disability (formerly called mental retardation) is a condition of limited mental ability in which an individual has an IQ of ____ and has difficulty adapting to everyday life

below 70

creative people engage in

both convergent thinking and divergent thinking

____ occurs when a group of people openly throw out a range of possible solutions to a problem, even some that might seem crazy

brainstorming

most individuals develop a clear understanding of their language's structure, as well as a large vocabulary, during

childhood

___ are mental categories used to group objects, events, and characteristics

concepts

____ involves the ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to devise unconventional solutions to problems

creativity

Dr. Ambrose is administering an intelligence test, and one question asks, "During what month of the year does the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) basketball championship games start?" Students from various groups within the U.S., as well as students from other countries, may have problems with this question because it is probably

culturally biased

____ involves reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance

deductive reasoning

Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument with the mention of _____, a task that only humans can perform.

developing new learning skills

which of the following is the first step in the problem-solving process?

find and fram problem,s

Malcom has an IQ of 140. He has skipped three grades and is a straight A student with superior verbal and mathematical talent. Psychologists would most likely consider Malcom to be

gifted

_____ is the tendency to report falsely, after the fact, that we accurately predicted an outcome. It is sometimes referred to as the "I knew it all along effect"

hindsight bias

Psychological research involves studying a sample of participants in order to draw conclusions about the population from which the same is drawn. This is an example of ____

inductive reasoning

the textbook describes a case study of a younger girl named Genie

is influenced by the environment

____ is an individual's levels of mental development relative to that of others

mental age

cognitive psychology is the study of

mental processes

which of the following characteristics is essential is the process of critical thinking?

mindfulness and open-mindedness

_____ refers to a language's rules for word formation, whereas ___ refer to the meaning of words and sentences

morphology/semantics

____ is a language's sound system

phonology

according to ____ there are three forms of intelligence, whereas according to ___ there are nine types of intelligence

sternberg's triarchic theory/gardner's throw of multiple intelligence

You have to cook dinner for 30 people on Saturday. Your apartment is a mess and you have nothing to wear. You decide to do your laundry Thursday night, buy the groceries on Friday, clean the apartment Saturday morning, and cook the dinner Saturday evening. Preparing for the dinner party in this way is an example of _____.

subgoaling

____ refs to a language's rules for combining words to form acceptable phrases and sentences

syntax

If a child's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that

that child's IQ is above average

according to ___, when people evaluate whether a particulars object reflects a certain concept, they compare the most typical item(s) in the category and look for a "family resemblance" with that item's properties

the prototype model