PSYCH Final

During an interview, Dan is asked the following question: "Tell me about a time when you had a teammate not doing his/her fair share of the work. What did you do and what was the result?" Questions like this are called ____ questions and are typically found in____interviews because all interviewees receive the same question.

BDI and structured

A culture that values the group more than the individual is known as

Collectivist

John prefers to work alone and to make his own decisions at work, while Jennifer prefers to consult her work prior to making any decisions. Jennifer would likely fit best in which type of culture?

Collectivist

Criterion-related validity design in which there is no time lag between gathering the test scores and the performance data

Concurrent validity design

A psychological concept or characteristic (e.g., intelligence, personality, leadership) that a predictor is intended to measure is a

Construct

______ assesses the accuracy of the entire domain of a construct

Content validity

A system of beliefs in which individual's create norms to deal with uncertainty and create meaning is

Culture

Tend to emphasize interpersonal relationships and communication

Feminine cultures

A test that is chosen to assess the abilities necessary to carry out the demands of a specific job can be referred to as a

Predictor

Best resource for anyone interested in I-O psychology

SIOP (the society for industrial and organizational psychology)

"Disinterestedness" refers to the notion that

Scientist should be objective and not influenced by biases or prejudices

Participants are assigned to different conditions, but random assignment to conditions is not possible

Quasi-experimental design

The NEO-PI is a test that can predict outstanding performance by discovering positive attributes a candidate may possess. This type of test is also referred to as a:

Screen-in test

According to the mod presented in class, an Industrial psychologist would be most interested in influencing behavior by manipulating

Selecting the right candidate

During an interview, an applicant for a customer service representative position is asked how she would deal with an upset customer over the phone. This is called a(n) _____ interview question.

Situational

________ is a term that describes the consistency if a test or measure

Reliability

Not preferring one or another, but realizing that all approaches are useful and can be skillfully applied, either individually or in combination, depending on the situation at hand

Unified approach

The shape of a distribution with a large standard deviation would look

Wide because the distribution covers a large range of scores

The Hawthorne Studies led to the dramatic discovery that

Workers attitudes play a role in productivity

Which sample would yield results with the most generalizability?

a large representative sample

Cultures in which people, relationships and the environment are most important can be best described as

feminine cultures

to apply the results from one study or sample to other participants or situations

generalize

Error that occurs when a rater assigns the same rating to an employee on a series of dimensions, creating a halo or aura that surrounds all of the ratings, causing them to be similar.

halo error

Company Y has just designed a new checkout counter for a chain of supermarkets. This new checkout counter will allow the employees to scan and bag groceries more efficiently. Development of the new checkout counter was most likely done by a(n)

human factors psychologist

The study of the capacities and limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment

human factors psychology

Which of Hofstede's dimensions did Triandis suggest would likely interact with the horizontal/vertical cultural dimension?

individual/collectivism

Personality-based integrity tests

infer integrity from broad constructs

Evaluation made of the effectiveness of an individual's work behavior; judgment most often made by supervisors in the context of a performance evaluation.

judgmental measures

Which tests cannot be administered until after an offer of employment has been made?

screen-out tests

A paper and pencil test that presents the candidate with a written scenario and then asks the candidate to choose a response from a series of alternatives is a(n)

situational judgement test

A timed (15 minutes) intelligence test is created. There are 50 questions, and most test takers do not finish answering all of the questions. The test score is calculated by how many items each test taker is able to complete correctly in the time allowed. This test is an example of a ________

speed test

A notable difference between speed tests and power tests is that

speed tests often provide greater variability between candidates than do power tests

In seeking to hire several new employees, an interviewer asks the same questions to each applicant, and each applicant is assigned a score based on his or her answers. This is an example of a(n) __________ interview

structured

Dr. Hendry was asked to develop a selection system for hiring firefighters. She will most likely use a cognitive ability test to assess

to what extent each applicant can learn new procedures

_______ ratings open the door to legal challenges and do not provide useful information about performance. Hint: think about the performance model we've discussed.

trait

John works for a major investment firm located in the United States. He has recently been reassigned to the firm's office in Eastern Asia. John will most likely be successful in his new environment if he

tries to adapt to East Asian culture

According to the lecture and your text, research designs in I-O psychology can be broken down into three basic types:

true experimental, quasi-experimental and non experimental

As an organizational psychologist, Dr. Carter also includes the human engineering and personnel perspectives in her analyses. What type of approach does she adhere to?

unified approach

An important distinction between an experimental design and a quasi-experimental design is that

unlike a quasi-experimental design, an experimental design randomly assigns participants to group's

One solution for the problem of conflicting stakeholder goals is to

use multiple performance evaluation systems, each for a different purpose.

Research indicates that the relationships among the different types of performance measures are

weak

A cognitive ability test that uses 50 items to assess verbal, numerical, and spatial abilities and is frequently used in the NFL Combine is known as the

wonderlic

Caroline is applying for a job as an airline pilot. As one of her requirements, she is asked to complete several maneuvers in a flight simulator. This type of test can be best characterized as a(n)

work sample test

The arithmetic average of the scores in a distribution: obtained by summing all of the scores in a distribution and dividing by the sample size

Mean

The middle score in a distribution

Median

The most frequently occurring score within a distribution is the

Mode

When making a steam and leaf plot showing a positively skewed distribution

Most of the numbers are towards to top 1 10 20 2 9 3 2 4 5 5 8

When making a stem and leaf plot showing a normal distribution

Most of the numbers should be in the middle of the chart 1 6 2 4 3 7 10 4 2 5 7

Personality factors are most predictive when the employee has

Much control over their job

Dr. Duran, an I-O psychologist, found that as job satisfaction increases, employee absenteeism decreases. This is an example of a _________ relationship

Negative inverse

Tests that ask questions directly about the candidate's past honesty behavior as well as attitudes toward various behaviors, such as employee theft, can be best described as

Overt integrity tests

Dr. Duran was asked by company X to develop a selection system for hiring new employees and to revise the existing performance appraisal system. Dr. Duran was most likely asked to do this because of her experience in

Personnel psychology

addresses issues such as recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer and termination

Personnel psychology

Examining the correlation between new employees test scores and their job performance six months after they are hired provides a way to asses:

Predictive validity

Participants are randomly assigned to different conditions

experimental design

The boundaries of the correlation coefficient are ______ and ______ without consideration of the valence

0 and 1

The standard deviation of a distribution is 4. Therefor the variance of the distribution is

16 (all you do is multiply the standard deviation number by the name number) ex. 4 x 4 = 16

Using 5 numbers, provide the simplest set of numbers that would yield a negatively skewed data set

75, 78, 80, 84, 85

John has read several books about how to repair a car engine, even though he has never seen one up close. Joy, on the other hand, grew up in her parents' auto shop and repairs car engines on a daily basis. When it comes to car repair, it is appropriate to say that John has _____________ knowledge, whereas Joy has _____________ knowledge.

Declarative and procedural

Melanie takes a test in his Industrial-Organizational psychology class. Her score will most reflect her:

Declarative knowledge

Performance ___________ emphasizes the link between individual behavior and organizational strategies and goals by defining performance in the context of those goals.

Management

Tend to emphasize accomplishment and technical performance

Masculine cultures

"One band, one sound" is an operationalization of which cultural dimension?

Individualism-collectivism

An employee who recently received a performance evaluation feels that the respectfulness and personal tone of the communications surrounding his evaluation were improper. Which type of justice is this worker referring to?

Interpersonal

One way to characterize the correlation coefficient is that it

Is the slop of the z scores

The process used by I-O psychologist to develop an understanding of a job by identifying the duties of the job and the KSAO's required to perform the job is called a(n)

Job analysis

The exams in this course are examples of

Knowledge test

Dr. McKibben tends to apply which rating error?

Leniency error

The main distinction between Army Alpha and the Army Beta is

The Army Alpha was administered to literate recruits, while the Army Beta was administered to illiterate recruits.

Name the statistic best described by the following phrase. The sum of the squared deviations from ______ are always greater than zero.

The mean

The mean can be conceptually thought of as representing

Truth

An approach used by researchers seeking converging information from many different sources is referred to

Triangulation

If a researcher wants to examine whether a test is reliable over a reasonable time period, he or she might

administer the test to the same people at two different points in time and calculate a correlation coefficient between the scores taken at time one and the scores taken at time two

One of the key advantages of situational judgment tests is that they are linked with lower incidences of ______ ________, a form of discrimination

adverse impact

Type of discrimination that acknowledges the employer may not have intended to discriminate against a plaintiff, but an employer practice did have an adverse impact on the group to which the plaintiff belongs.

adverse impact

Jake wants to establish a cause-effect relationship between two variables. He should use _______ to establish causation between the two variables.

an experimental design

Productivity can be best explained as

any behavior that is work related

The "in-basket" (to do list) technique is a type of

assessment center technique

An HR manager is developing a test for hiring new employees. She plans to give current employees the new test and then correlate their scores with the performance records that are currently in their personnel files. Her method for collecting data can be best characterized as a(n)

concurrent design

The goals of psychology are ______ though, feeling and behavior.

describe, explain, predict and control

Negative feedback that is directed toward personal characteristics rather than job-related behaviors is called ______.

destructive criticism

James McKeen Cattell had a major influence on the emergence of I-O psychology. He was among the first to realize the importance of studying:

differences among individuals as a way of predicting their behavior

One reason that placing cultures on a collectivist-individualist continuum would be useful for managers is that it would

enable them to provide effective rewards to people of various cultures

Dr. Jones is worried about memory effects while he attempted to establish the reliability of his measured construct. Which technique for establishing reliability should he use it deal with his potential confound

equivalent forms

A type of reliability calculated by correlating measurements from a sample of individuals who complete two different forms of the same test

equivalent forms reliability

Eliminating confounding variables in the laboratory setting is done via

experimental control

Dr. Baldwin is interested in studying the effects of a new medication. He randomly assigns participants to two groups. One group receives the medication while the other receives a placebo. Fernando's research can be best described as . . .

experimental design

When a researcher is trying to develop an understanding of a phenomenon, it is best to

make us of all the information available, regardless of form

Psychometric training involves

making the raters aware of common rating distortions.

Does not include any "treatment" or assignment to different conditions

non experimental design

Group whose test scores are used to compare and understand an individual's test score.

norm group

Sales volume, customer complaints, and output data are examples of

objective measures

Rebecca is observing and recording how man times a group of workers engage in non-work related behavior over a period if a week. Rebecca is using a(n)

observational design

The researcher observes employee behavior and systematically records what is observed

observational design

Measure typically kept in a personnel file, including absences, accidents, tardiness, rate of advancement, disciplinary actions, and commendations of meritorious behavior

personnel measures

Criterion-related validity design in which there is a time lag between collection of the test data and the criterion data

predictive validity design

A test is designed to measure coordination, dexterity, and reaction time. These are classified as

psychomotor abilities

"Protected groups", as stated in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, include

race, color, religion, sex and national origin

For selection purposes, I-O psychologists assume that a person's intelligence and personality

remain relatively stable over time