Psych Fininal exam

Ryan, a teenager, exhibits erratic behavior. He is very happy at times and at other times he shows signs of extreme depression. Ryan's mother thinks he is possessed and takes him to an exorcist. In this scenario, Ryan's mother supports the __________ of psychological disorders

demonological model

According to Baumrind, which parenting style can be described as having high control or restrictiveness, and low warmth or responsiveness.

Authoritarian

What is the name of the concept that infants are born with the innate ability to learn language?

Chomsky's hypothesis

Which of the following statements about suicide are correct?

Discussing suicide with a person who is depressed can prompt the person to attempt suicide

Maria thinks of her first dog when she thinks of the concept of "dog". This specific example is called a(n) ________.

Exemplar

Which theory or model of intelligence is most frequently used in educational settings?

Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences

________ argues that people are capable of free choice, self-fulfillment, and ethical behavior.

Humanism

__________ refer to erroneous beliefs that one is being victimized.

Ideas of persecution

__________ is a general mental capability that involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn from experience.

Intelligence

Which of the following is an advantage of group therapy used by psychotherapists?

It allows people to receive support from others with similar problems.

Which of these tests is often used to measure emotional intelligence, specifically self-control?

Marshmallow Test

Which acronym represents the "Big 5"?

OCEAN

__________ is the best-known form of psychosurgery that is used with people with severe psychological disorders.

Prefrontal lobotomy

The principles of psychotherapy focus on all of the following except for:

Psychotherapy is a systematic interaction between a client and a therapist. The therapist's theoretical point of view interacts with the client's problems to determine how the therapist and the client relate to each other.

Blocking dopamine receptors can lead to all of the following EXCEPT

Reduced depressive symptoms

Which of the following is not a characteristic of middle adulthood?

Sense of smell declines.

Who is known for beginning the asylum reform movement?

Sigmund Freud

__________ refers to a behavior-therapy method for helping people in their interpersonal relations that utilizes self-monitoring, behavior rehearsal, and feedback.

Social skills training

Which of the following statements is true of dissociative identity disorder?

Somatoform disorders are characterized by the presence of two or more personalities in one person.

Which of the following Freudian psychic structures is present in a person at birth?

The Id.

Anaya is a teenager who has just started wearing braces. She hates going to school now because she thinks that everyone is looking at her and laughing. She believes that she must look her best at all times. Which of the following concepts of Piaget's adolescent egocentrism is depicted in this scenario?

The concept of the imaginary audience.

A pregnant woman visits her doctor for a scheduled ultrasound. She hears the strong heartbeat of the developing child. She is also able to see its fingers and toes. She tells the doctor that she frequently feels the baby kick. Which stage of prenatal development is depicted in the scenario?

The fetal stage.

Which of the following statements is true of the hearing capability of newborns?term-14

They can hear well when they are born.

Your uncle has a stroke and after he recovers, he is able to speak fluently, but his words do not make sense. Based on videos we watched in class (on the power point), he likely has ______ aphasia.

Wernicke's

The Electra complex involves __________.

a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother

Joe is suffering from kidney dysfunctionality. Joe's doctor advises him to start taking injections instead of tablets as that would be more effective and would cure him sooner. However, Joe fears hypodermic needles and refuses to be injected. In this scenario, Joe seems to have _________.

a specific phobia

During a math test, Jacob is given the lengths of two sides of a right triangle and is asked to find the length of its third side. He uses the Pythagorean theorem to calculate the length. In this scenario, Jacob has used a(n) _____ to calculate the length of the third side of the right triangle.

algorithm

According to Ainsworth's strange situation method, upon reunion with their mothers after separation, infants with resistant attachment:

alternately cling to and push their mother away.

Chelsea sells used cars and she has noticed over the years that when you initially quote a high price for a car people tend to not have a drastically different counteroffer. This is an example of:

an anchoring and adjustment heuristic

A similarity between acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder is that both:

are characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.

According to Piaget, ________ is the inclusion of a new event into an existing schema.

assimilation

Among adolescents, your text discusses several contributing factors to suicide behavior, except concerns over ____________.

athletics

Rapid smoking can be a(n) ________ to help a person stop smoking.

aversive conditioning method

Behavior therapy is also known as _________.

behavior modification

People with _________ alternate between extremes of adulation in their relationships when their needs are met and loathing when they feel scorned.

borderline personality disorder

In the context of specific phobias, __________ is the fear of tight or enclosed places.

claustrophobia

Jason meets a psychotherapist for the first time and expresses that he is nervous about therapy. The therapist tells him that it is natural to be nervous. She also explains that humans have a natural tendency toward health and growth and that they are free to make choices and control their destinies. She tells him that therapy is intended to help people get in touch with their genuine feelings. In this case, Jason's therapist is using __________.

client-centered therapy

An songwriter most likely has __________ based on examples in the text and powerpoint.

creative intelligence

Delmar believes that he has been sent to earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to a female is doomed to be a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are absurd. Delmar's behavior best exemplifies _________.

delusions

In the context of the origins of dissociative disorders, both psychodynamic and learning theories suggest that

dissociative disorders help people keep disturbing memories or ideas out of mind

Schizophrenia is characterized by ___________.

disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood.

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the __________ functions according to the pleasure principle.

ego

Gloria, a high school senior, is very clear that she wants to study forensic psychology. She spends her summer volunteering at psychiatric facilities and studies very hard for all her tests. She subscribes to medical and forensic journals so that she does not miss out on developments in the field of forensic psychology. Gloria is determined to study at Harvard Medical School. According to Erickson's theory of psychosocial development, Gloria is demonstrating _____.

ego identity

People with depersonalization-derealization disorder:

experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.

An effective client-centered therapist would display all of the following EXCEPT:

focus on visual perceptions

According to Piaget, the __________ is the fourth stage of cognitive development in children.

formal operational stage

In _____________, people forget their entire lives.

generalized dissociative amnesia

Lauren, who suffers from schizophrenia, often hears a voice telling her she is being watched by the police. This condition is called a(n) _______.

hallucination

Which of the following is a feature of the germinal stage of prenatal development?

he zygote divides repeatedly while moving to the uterus

According to your text, true language is distinguished from the communication systems of lower animals by all of the following EXCEPT ______.

holophrase

Antidepressants ___________.

increase serotonin levels

Elizabeth just turned six and she is given an intelligence test at school. The results of the test show that she is functioning intellectually like the average eight-year-old. In this scenario, Elizabeth has a(n) __________ of eight.

intelligence quotient

Eysenck focused on the relationships between two personality traits: __________ and emotional stability-instability.

introversion-extraversion

Lithium is a(n) ________.

mood stabilizer

Which of the following aggravated the psychological problems that inmates of asylums were already facing?

overcrowding

Marco, a three-year-old boy, is about to take a nap. He looks at his mother and says, "I goed to the park." In this scenario, Marco is exhibiting _________.

overregularization

Lisa, a high school student, is suspicious of her classmates. She does not trust them and keeps a distance from everyone at school. Lisa is most likely suffering from __________.

paranoid personality disorder

According to Freud, __________ is an anal-retentive trait.

perfectionism

Extreme, irrational fears of objects and situations, such as hypodermic needles and public speaking are examples of __________.

phobias

The Rorschach ink blot test is which type of personality test?

projective

Biological treatments or therapies include all of the following EXCEPT:

psychotherapy

Withdrawal from psychotropic medications (drugs) can cause __________.

rebound anxiety

Jennifer has to choose a doctor and finds two with pictures online. She chooses the man in the suit as a better choice for her doctor, instead of the woman with numerous tattoos and piercings. She later finds out that the man has killed half of his patients. Jennifer's unfortunate choice was likely due to her use of the __________ heuristic.

representativeness

According to Ainsworth and supporting research, which form of attachment leads to the best outcomes for the child?

secure

Mari was trying to lose some weight prior to her prom, so she decided which dress she wanted to get and then decided how much weight she needed to lose. This is an example of ____________.

the means-end analysi

The embryo is connected to the placenta by the __________.

umbilical cord

Kim and her family were involved in a road accident. Kim was the only survivor. Her son and husband were declared dead. When Kim returned home, she started having dreams about people dying in tragic accidents. These nightmares left Kim with a rapid heart rate and feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Kim is most likely suffering from ________.

post-traumatic stress disorder

Jill was surprised at how much her therapist challenged her beliefs concerning her social anxiety. Her therapist kept having her make counter-arguments against many of the thoughts she had that pertained to her anxiety. Jill's therapist is practicing what approach?

rational emotive behavior therapy