Psych: L5.2 review

An increase in the dose of a drug that is required to produce the same effect is __________. a. dependence b. tolerance c. addiction d. withdrawal

b. tolerance Many drugs create tolerance, which is an increase in the dose required to produce the same effect, which makes it necessary to increase the dosage or the number of times per day that the drug is taken.

__________ is a stimulant that produces increased wakefulness and focus, along with decreased fatigue and appetite. a. Cocaine b. Nicotine c. Amphetamine d. Caffeine

c. Amphetamine Amphetamine is used in prescription medications to treat attention deficit disorder (ADHD), and narcolepsy, and it controls appetite.

__________ is a bitter psychoactive drug found in the beans, leaves, and fruits of plants and which is often found in coffee and soft drinks. a. Nicotine b. Cocaine c. Caffeine d. Opioids

c. Caffeine It acts as a natural pesticide and is found in a wide variety of products, including coffee, tea, soft drinks, candy, and desserts.

Nicotine is __________. a. a psychoactive drug found in the nightshade family of plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide b. a psychoactive drug that operates by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the synapses of the central nervous system. c. an addictive drug obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. d. a psychotic drug that operates by increasing the production of the neurotransmitter GABA and decreasing the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

a. a psychoactive drug found in the nightshade family of plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide Nicotine is the main factor responsible for the dependence-forming properties of tobacco use, and tobacco use is a major health threat.

Which of the following is the weakest opioid drug? a. codeine b. morphine c. heroin d. caffeine

a. codeine Codeine is a weaker analgesic and less addictive member of the opioid family.

Which of the following refers to a need to use a drug or other substance regularly? a. dependence b. tolerance c. addiction d. withdrawl

a. dependence As the use of the drug increases, the user may develop a dependence. It can be psychological, in which the drug is desired and has become part of everyday life of the user, but which produces no serious physical effects if the drug is not obtained, and/or physical, in which serious physical and mental effects appear when the drug is withdrawn.

__________ are psychoactive drugs that operate by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the synapses of the central nervous system. a. Caffeine b. Nicotine c. Stimulants d. Cocaine

c. Stimulants Because more of these neurotransmitters remain active in the brain, the result is an increase in the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

When the user powerfully craves the drug and is driven to seek it out, over and over again, no matter what the physical, social, financial, and legal cost, it is said that the person had developed a(n) __________. a. dependence b. tolerance c. addiction d. withdrawl

c. addiction Users may wish to stop using the drug, but when they reduce their usage they experience withdrawal.

__________ are frequently known as "psychedelics." a. Opioids b. Barbiturates c. Benzodiazepines d. Hallucinogens

d. Hallucinogens The drugs that produce the most extreme alteration of consciousness are the hallucinogens, psychoactive drugs that alter sensation and perception and which may create hallucinations.

__________ is a negative experience that accompanies reducing or stopping drug use, including physical pain and other symptoms. a. Dependence b. Tolerance c. Addiction d. Withdrawal

d. withdrawal Users may wish to stop using the drug, but when they reduce their usage they experience withdrawal.