psych test 4
avoidant personality disorder
People with _____________________ are generally unwilling to enter a relationship without some assurance of acceptance
post traumatic stress
People with acute stress disorder can go on to experience __________ disorder
traumatic
Post traumatic stress disorder may occur months or years after a ______ experience
reality
Psychological disorders are sometimes associated with faulty perceptions or interpretations of ________
behaviors
Psychotherapies influence clients' thoughts, feelings, and _________
irrational
Rational emotive behavior therapists encourage clients to challenge and correct ___________ expectations
anxiety disorder
________is characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax
passion
according to Robert Sternberg's triangular mode of love, _______ is most crucial in short-term relationships
commitment
according to the triangular mode of love, ________ means deciding to enhance and maintain the relationship
praise
agreement and ________ are more effective ways to encourage others to embrace one's views
cognitive
on an _____ level, prejudice is linked to expectations that members of the target group will behave poorly, say, in the workplace, or engage in criminal behavior or terrorism
psychological
overcrowding aggravated the _________ problems that inmates of asylums were already facing
fascination
passion involves _______ for the loved one, sexual craving, and the desire for exclusiveness
conform
people are said to ______ when they change their behavior to adhere to social norms
discrimination
prejudice is connected to avoidance, aggression, and ______
propinquity
reason people tend to have partners from the same background is _________
electromyography
In he context of biofeedback training, the _________ is a device that is used to monitor muscle tension
empathy
In client-centered therapy, ________ refers to the recognition of a client's experiences and feelings
amnesia
In generalized dissociative _______, people forget their entire lives
positive regard
Client- centered therapists have unconditioned ______ for their clients
beliefs and attitude
Cognitive therapy is likely to focus on changing the __________ that create and compound people's problems
somatoform
Conversion disorder is a type of ______ disorder
maladaptive
Behavior therapists may help clients become aware of the circumstances in which ________ behavior occurs
observational
Behavior therapists rely heavily on principles of conditioning and _______ learning
principles of learning
Behavior therapy applies _________ to directly promote desired behavioral changes
flawed decision
A characteristic of groupthink, that contributes to _____________, the group's belief in its rightness
family therapy
A form of group therapy that may be undertaken from the systems approach is called ___________
physical
A racing heart is a _____ symptom of anxiety disorders
ignore evidence
Aaron Beck believed that clients may selectively perceive the world as a harmful place and __________ to the contrary
self-actualization
According to Carl Rogers, psychological problems arise from roadblocks placed in the path of _____________
social mask
According to Gestalt therapy, people do _______, pretending to be things that they are not
early childhood
According to psychodynamic therapy, psychological problems reflect _________ experiences and inner conflicts
dopamine theory
According to the ________, people with schizophrenia use more dopamine than most people do
active
Albert Ellis's rational emotive therapy methods are ______ and directive
dissociative
Amnesia is frequently associated _______ disorders
attitude
An _____ is an enduring mental representation of a person, place, or thing that typically evokes an emotional response and related behavior
stupor
An ___________ is a condition in which the senses, thought, and movement are dulled
group therapy
An advantage of ________, is it allows the therapist to work with several clients at once
noradrenaline
Antidepressant medication tends to increase the concentration of ______ in the brain
multiple personality
Dissociative identity disorder was formerly termed ______ disorder
therapists
During modern psychodynamic therapy, the client and the ______ usually sit face to face
deep depression
Ecstatic elation and _______ are both aspects of delusional disorder
social
Excessive fear of public speaking is a common _____ anxiety disorder
personality
Fritz Perls used the term Gestalt to signify his interest in giving the conflicting parts of the _______ an integrated form or shape
hypochondria
Illness anxiety disorder is a type of somatic symptom disorder that was earlier called ________
free association
In __________, clients are made comfortable and asked to talk about any topic that comes to mind
self-esteem
In the context of depressive disorder, people who remain depressed have lower ______
dreams
In the context of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud considered _______ the "royal road to the unconscious."
catatonia
In the context of schizophrenia, people with the condition termed _______ show striking impairment in motor activity
claustrophobia
In the context of specific phobias, ________ is the fear of tight or enclosed places
anti anxiety
Most _______ drugs belong to the chemical class known as benzodiazepines
generalized
People with ______ anxiety disorder suffer from persistent anxiety that can't be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity
mood disorders
People with _______ may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events
borderline
People with ________ personality disorder alternate between extremes in adulation and loathing
stressors
The core of generalized anxiety disorder appears to be pervasive worrying about numerous _______
persuasive
The elaboration likelihood model describes the ways in which people respond to _____ messages
defenses
When the superego floods an individual with excessive guilt, ________ are established
prefrontal lobotomy
_____ is the best known form of psychosurgery that is used with people with severe psychological disorders
hallucination
______ is a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality
ideas of persecution
______ refer to erroneous belief that one is being victimized
modeling
______ relies on observational learning
physical
_______ appearance is a factor that contributes to attraction
Gestalt Therapy
________ was originated by Fritz Perls
specific phobias
_________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, ect.
Schizophrenia
_________ is characterized by disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, mood, as well as withdrawal and absorption in daydreams or fantasy
neuroticism
_________ is characterized largely by persistent anxiety
paranoid
_________ personality disorder is a tendency to interpret other people's behavior as threatening or demeaning
psychodynamic
_________ therapies are based on the thinking of Sigmund Freud
asylums
_________ were intended primarily for housing people with psychological disorders
acute stress disorder
____________ is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event
attitude-discrepant behavior
behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect of modifying an attitude is known as ________
fears
behavior-therapy methods for reducing ______ include virtual therapy
collectivist
belonging to a ____ society increases the tendency to conform
motive
cognitive psychologists believe, people decide whether they will lash out or not on the basis of their interpretation of the other person's ______
prejudice
discrimination refers to behavior that results from _______
reinforced
from the behavioral perspective, strong, agile organisms are likely to be _______ for aggression behavior
stress
in groupthink, external threats heighten the cohesiveness of the group and is the source of ___________
manic
in the __________ phase of bipolar disorder, a person may make huge contributions to charity
evaluation apprehension
in the context of group behavior, _____ is the concern that others are assessing one's behavior
consciousness and choice
social-cognitive theorist believe _____ play key roles in aggressive behavior among humans
obedience to authority
stanley milgram undertook a series of classic experiments at Yale University in 1963 to study the factors that contribute to ___________
dominate
testosterone appears effect the tendencies to ___ and control other people
reciprocity
the attraction-similiairty hypothesis theorizes that ______ is a powerful determinant of attraction
selective exposure
the deliberate seeking and attending to info that is consistent with one's attitude is known as ______
pressure
the discomfort faced by the participants in the Asch study was caused by the _______ to conform
empathy
the feeling of ______ encourages helping behavior and discourages aggression
aggressive
the hypothalamus brain structure is associated with instinctive ______ reactions in nonhumans
directive
unlike client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy is _______ in nature
decreases
valuing being right over being liked ________ the tendency to conform
dispositional attributes
we are biased toward making ______ when we explain other people's behavior
central route
when ads focus on the quality of the product, they persuade people to change attitudes through _____