psychology #5

engram refers to the

physical trace of memory

What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall?

explicit memories

What is semantic memory?

knowledge about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts

What is episodic memory?

information from events we have personally experienced

In attempt to deal with his severe, untreatable epileptic seizures, H.M. had portions of his _____, including the brain structure called the _____ surgically removed.

medial temporal lobes, hippocampus

Knowing how to serve a badminton birdie is an example of a (n) ________ memory.

procedural

Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?

being able to hum a song even though you can't remember the lyrics

Remembering ________ is a good example of procedural memory.

how to use the phone

he encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.

semantic

What are the two components of declarative memory?

semantic and episodic

Which of the following is a good example of anterograde amnesia?

John Doe is in a car accident. Every day he wakes up with no memory of what he did the day before, feeling as though no time has passed because he is unable to form new memories.

Encoding information occurs through ________.

automatic processing and effortful processing

Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This is an example of ________.

chunking

Conner vividly remembers details from earlier in the day when he was mistakenly pulled over by the highway patrolman and briefly arrested for armed robbery. Conner's memory of this event is stored in his:

long term memory

Kenethia enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system.

relearning

I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. While I am actively remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________.

explicit memory

What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?

If you want to remember a piece of information you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful

Why do strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weak emotional experiences form weak memories?

Strong emotional experiences can trigger the release of neurotransmitters and hormones that strengthen memory.

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

amygdala

Quincy is struck on the back of the head and finds, while she can remember her life up to the time she was struck on the head, she can no longer make new memories. Quincy has ________ amnesia.

anterograde

Failure to develop a conditioned eye-blink response to a tone associated with an oncoming puff of air results from damage to the

cerebellum

Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories?

cerebellum

Rather than simply repeating key terms and concepts, Jeremy focused on the meaning of the information in the chapter and tried to generate examples of concepts from his own experiences. Jeremy was using _____ to help encode information into his long-term memory.

elaborative rehersal

The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as ________.

encoding

When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.

implicit

When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.

recognition

Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?

remembering the colors of the rainbow by the acronym ROYGBIV

Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woke up in the hospital. Elaine has ________ amnesia.

retrograde

Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.

thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

Remembering ________ is a good example of episodic memory.

your first day of school

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Long-term memory has two parts: semantic memory and episodic memory.

change the word "long-term" to the word "declarative"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

change the word "transitional" to the word "sensory"

In _________ amnesia, memory is lost for events preceding an injury or accident; in __________ amnesia, memory is lost for events following an injury or accident.

retrograde, anterograde

Which of the following is not a way you can use what you know about memory to help you remember the names of all 50 states?

stay up the night before an exam to maximize the time you have to study