Psychology Ch. 1
Anna is 45-years-old and is suffering from hot flashes and extreme moodiness. From a ____ perspective, Anna's smptoms can be attributed to menopause
biopsychological
Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of conscious and unconscious mind. To which perspective does Mary ascribe?
cognitive
____ focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information
cognitive psychology
Dr. Edwards wants to show a causal relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer. Dr. Edwards should
conduct an experiment using animal participants
Mrs. Lewis participated in a study in which she was given no treatment for her condition. Mrs. Lewis was in the ____ group
control
Experimenters control the effects of extraneous or confounding variables upon members of experimental and control groups by using
random assignment
What did Watson believe about behavior?
that it is learned
Sasha sat in the preschool classroom and watched the children play, writing down how well they interacted with each other. The children could see that Sasha was watching them, so they made an attempt to be extra well-behaved for her. Sasha's research will be impacted by
the observer effect
Mrs. O'Connor participated ina study in which she was told she would try out a new allergy medicine. She was in the group that recieved a sugar pill but she believed that the pill did indeed help control her allergy symptoms. This phenomenon is known as
the placebo effect
In an experiment in which half of the participants are given a caffeinated product and half are given a decaffeinated product to determine if caffeine will make them more talkative, the independent variable is
the presence or absence of caffeine
Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as carefully as they can, they use ____ to study psychology
the scientific method
Researchers use ____ for reducing bias and error in the measurement of data
the scientific method
If a correlation coefficient is positive
the two variables increase in the same direction
Which of the following is a guideline for doing research with people?
Participants must be allowed to make an informaed decision about participation
Dr. Jonas wanted to determine what would happen if rats were given food every time they completed a maze. He believed they would learn to complete the maze faster. This belief is called
a prediction
John Watson believed that phobias
are learned through the process of conditioning
A drug company is determining the effects of a treatment for depression. Neither the researcher nor the participants know who is getting the treatment and who is being given a sugar pill. This type of study is
double-blind
The psychological perspective that is associated with William James is
functionalism
Correlation will tell researhes all of the following except ____ between variables
if there is causation
Freud believed that personality was formed
in the first 6 years of life
Freud's theory of psychoanalysis
is still in use by professionals toady, with less emphasis on sex and sexual motivations
Researchers who allow their expectations about what they will see to affect the results of their observation studies are suffering from
observer bias
When Mary took the survey in the mall, she noticed the interviewer was wearing an Obama button. She answered the questions more favorably toward Obama than she might otherwise have, probably because
of courtesy bias
A ____ has a medical degree and is a medical doctor
psychiatrist
Which of the following illustrates psychology's goal of control?
using rewards to help a smoker give up cigarettes